高中英语高考非谓语动词专项复习

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1、高考英语非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的动词性质表现在三方面1）有时态和语态的变化；2）可被状语所修饰；3）及物动词须有宾语。Im sorry to have kept you waiting for ten minutes.（完成式）对不起让你等了十分钟。We expected the work to be done at once.（被动式）我们希望这工作马上就做。To drink while driving is dangerous.（有状语）开车喝酒是十分危险的。Have you any reason for saying such a thing? （带宾语）你有什么理由说这种话吗？Hav

2、ing done his work, he went to play football.（完成式，带宾语）完成工作后，他去踢足球。二、非谓语动词的非动词性质表现1）相当于名词，作主语、宾语、表语等；2）相当于形容词、副词，在句中作定语、状语等。Reading books is what I like doing before going to bed.（作主语）读书是我睡觉前喜欢做的事。Have you decided where to spend your holiday? （作宾语）你决定了到哪儿去度假吗？His task is to collect information.（作表语）他的

3、任务是收集信息。The plan being discussed is accepted by most of the people.（作定语）正在讨论的计划被大多数人所接受。Hearing the news, the boys jumped with job.（作状语）听到这个消息，那男孩高兴得跳了起来。非谓语动词有三种形式，即不定式、过去分词和动词-ing形式。1.不定式不定式有两种形式；一是带to 的不定式，一是不带to的不定式。后者即通常所谓的动词原形。不定式有时态和语态的变化。1）不定式的语法功能：（1）作主语To see is to believe.眼见为实。Its importa

4、nt for us to learn how to use the computer.学会使用电脑很重要。注：it 为形式主语，真实主语不定式结构放在谓语之后。Its + (表扬或批评) adj.+ of sb to do sth.（2）作表语The important thing is to save time.重要的是约时间。The purpose of the project is to help the poor children in the country.这个工程的目的是帮助农村的贫苦孩子。（3）作宾语Black people in the USA wanted to get e

5、qual rights.美国的黑人想要得到平等权利。The workers demanded to get better pay. 工人要求更高的工资。I found it necessary to talk to him again.我觉得有必要和他再谈谈。注：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，须将不定式放在补语后，而在宾补前用形式宾语it.（4）作定语The next plane to arrive is from New York.下次到达的航班来自纽约。He is always the first to come and last to leave the office.他总是第一个到办公

6、室，最后一个离开。 注：如果不定式和所修饰的名词是动宾关系的话，不定式动词是不及物动词，则须加适当的介词。I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔。There are enough chairs for the guests to sit on.有足够的椅子给客人坐。They have a large house to live in.他们住在一座大房子里。（5）作状语, 表目的、结果、原因等表目的：在表示目的时，还可以用 in order to 和 so as to (一般不放在句首)。I stayed there to see what would happen.我留下来看看会发生什么事。The students are working hard in order to pass the college entrance exams.学生们在努力学习通过大学的入学考试。表结果：在表结果时，还可以用so