人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking课时练习（有答案）考试试卷

Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking
一、填空
1.Despite the difficulties, Wang Kun and Wang Wei were ________(determine) to begin their journey at an altitude(海拔) of more than 5,000 meters in Qinghai Province. （所给词的适当形式填空）
2.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines _______________ (write) a book. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3.She was ________(disappoint) that he never replied to her letter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4.The hijackers kept the pilot___________ board the plane as a hostage (人质). （用适当的词填空）
5.The children were very __________ (disappoint) that we wouldn’t go to the zoo.
6.________(determine)where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. （所给词的适当形式填空）
7.My father is _________(determine) to announce the news of his retirement to his colleagues. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8.We all felt ________(disappoint) that we failed to have a good harvest after so long a time of efforts. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9.He carried___________ telling a joke, laughing his head off. (用适当的词填空)
10.China _______(launch) its first human spaceflight mission in more than three years successfully, placing into orbit a spacecraft carrying two astronauts that will dock with a new space laboratory module. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11.Therefore, the Monkey King as a symbol of being brave and ________(determine)is deeply loved by our Chinese. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.The professor was________(disappoint) to find that no student could grasp the abstract concept. （所给词的适当形式填空）
13.I was _________(disappoint) to find all the books sold out. （所给词的适当形式填空）
14.She is going to the United States for _____________(far)study.
15.____________ her refusal, I went to her help in the end, saving her from the embarrassing situation.
二、阅读理解
16. China has become the first country to successfully land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The Chang'e 4 probe(探测器) has also made the first moon landing since 1972. It has the task of exploring the side of the moon that never faces the Earth. The dark side of the moon is older and has a thicker surface than the visible side. It takes the moon as long to go around on its own axis(轴) as it does for one complete orbit around the Earth.
The Chinese probe landed in a huge crater 2,500 km in diameter and 13 km in depth. The crater is one of the oldest parts of the moon and our solar system.
Scientists hope to learn more about the geology of the far side of the moon. The craft has two cameras on board which will send images back to the Earth. It will also try to send signals to distant regions of space, something that cannot happen on Earth because of too much radio noise.
Chang'e 4 also has instruments on board to examine minerals as well as a container with seeds which will try to create a miniature(微型的)biosphere(生物圈).
Communication with the spacecraft is not easy. Images and other data must be transmitted to a separate satellite because no direct communication with the Earth is possible.
For China the Chang'e 4 mission is an important achievement, because the country has successfully done something no other nation on Earth has done. It wants to become a leading power in space exploration and has announced plans to send astronauts to the moon and set up its own space station.
(1) Where did the Chang'e 4 probe land
A.On the side of the moon facing the Earth. B.On the invisible side of the moon.
C.In a younger crater on the moon. D.In a previous space station.
(2) What can we learn from the text
A.The dark side of the moon is as cold as the other side.
B.The bright side is younger and thinner than the other side.
C.Other places in space may hardly receive signals from the craft.
D.The two cameras on the craft can send pictures to the Earth easily.
(3) Why is the craft equipped with a container
A.To see what seeds can come out on the moon.
B.To collect some important matter on the moon.
C.To find whether the seeds can grow on the moon.
D.To check whether some minerals exist on the moon.
(4) According to the text, what will China do in the future
A.Land manned spacecraft on the moon. B.Build another space station on the moon.
C.Launch more space probes to the moon. D.Become the first country in exploring space.
17. Surface Exploration. Robots make great explorers on planets,moons,and other landing areas. Aside from Earth,just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe,making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather .and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Data Collection. Robots arc designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples,and finding water are all performed much quicker and more accurately(精确地) by robots.
Cost-effectiveness. The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only "carry humans, but also have enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain. They don't require food or water, and they never need a bath-room break.
Space Travel. Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are the Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A.The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B.It may be dangerous for humans to explore the solar system except the earth.
C.Both the Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water in the Mars.
D.Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
2.Which column of the passage could come from
A.Education. B.Finance. C.Travel. D.Science.
3.The underlined phrase “withstand” most probably means "____________".
A.arise B.bear C.defeat D.diverse
4.While sending an astronaut into the space, we should consider the following except _______.
A.the radiation B.the oxygen C.the diet D.the alien
5.What is the writer’s attitude in writing this passage
A.Negative. B.Persuasive. C.Subjective. D.Objective.
答案以及解析
1.答案：determined
解析：考查形容词。句意：尽管困难重重，王坤和王伟还是决心从海拔5000多米的青海省开始他们的旅程。作表语，应用形容词determined。故填determined。
2.答案：to write
解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：在天知道什么的动机的驱使下，他决定写一本书。determine to do sth.决定做某事。
3.答案：disappointed
解析：考查形容词。句意：她对他从未回她的信感到失望。修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词disappointed，作表语。故填disappointed。
4.答案：on
解析：考查固定短语。句意：劫机者将飞行员扣留在飞机上作为人质。on board“在火车（或轮船、飞机）上”，on board the plane“在飞机上”。故填on。
5.答案：disappointed
6.答案：Determining
7.答案：determined
8.答案：disappointed
解析：考查形容词。句意：经过这么长时间的努力，没有一个好收成，我们都感到失望。作表语，修饰人应用-cd结尾形容词disappointed。故填disappointed。
9.答案：on
10.答案：launched
11.答案：determined
解析：考查形容词。句意：因此，孙悟空作为勇敢和坚定的象征深受我们中国人的喜爱。结合句意及空前的being brave and可知应填形容词形式determined,与brave并列，作表语。故填determined。
12.答案：disappointed
解析：考查形容词。句意：教授失望地发现没有一个学生能掌握这个抽象的概念，此处修饰人，应用-ed结尾的形容词，表示“失望的”应用disappointed,故填disappointed.
13.答案：disappointed
解析：考查形容词。句意：我失望地发现所有的书都卖完了。作表语，修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词disappointed。故填disappointed。
14.答案：further
15.答案：Despite
16.答案：(1).B; (2).B; (3).C; (4).A
解析：(1).细节理解题。根据第一段第三句和第四句“It has the task of exploring the side of the moon that never faces the Earth. The dark side of the moon is older and has a thicker surface than the visible side.”中的“the visible side"”可知,B项正确。
(2).细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The dark side of the moon is older and has a thicker surface than the visible side”可知,月球的暗面比能看到的(即亮的)那一面古老、表面要厚些,也就是说亮的那一面比另一面(暗的一面)要年轻些、薄一些。
(3).推理判断题。根据第四段中的“as well as a container with seeds which will try to create a miniature(微型的) biosphere(生物圈)”可知,嫦娥四号上有一个装有种子的容器,并试图让这些种子来创造一个微型生物圈。分析选项可知,C项符合题意。
(4).细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It wants to become a leading power in space exploration and has announced plans to send astronauts to the moon and set up its own space station. "可知,中国已宣布将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站计划。分析选项可知,A项正确。
17.答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.D; 5.D
解析：1.细节理解题。由第三段中的“The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. ”可知使用机器人进行太空探索比人类做这项工作花费更少,因此A项说花费更多是有误的。
2.推理判断题。本文主要讲的是机器人在太空探索中的运用,应该属于科学栏目,故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。前面提到这些表面温度太热或太冷应该是会让人难以忍受,故选B项,bear意为“忍受”。
4.细节理解题。在本文的第一部分提到了A、B两项“辐射”和“氧气”问题,在第三段提到了C项“饮食”问题。本文并未提到有关“外星人”的情况,故选D项。
5.推理判断题。综观全文可知,作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的使用,并未带有其他的否定的、 说服性的或者是主观的看法,故选D项。
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