英语人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking课时练习（有答案）考试试卷

Unit 4 Space Exploration Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
一、填空
1.They should get an educator or a philosopher________(analyse) why some students are tired of learning. （所给词的适当形式填空）
2.This problem is not easy _______________ (figure) out. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3.________ (test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. （所给词的适当形式填空）
4.He waited for a policeman to stop the traffic and wave the people ________ (pass) the street. （所给词的适当形式填空）
5.His dream is to build a memorial______________(memorize) the firefighters who saved his life during the fire.(所给词的适当形式填空)
6.The young man managed to persuade the boss _________(employ)him as his assistant. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7.More and more people urge the government ________(do)more for the disabled. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8.We trust you; only you can persuade him _________ (come). (所给词的适当形式填空)
9.The plan has succeeded__________ our expectations. （用适当的词填空）
10.More and more young people move to big cities because they have the opportunity _________ (get) high-paid jobs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11.________(get)your story vivid, you should think of it as though it’s being done to you. （所给词的适当形式填空）
12.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed__________(help) them succeed academically and personally. （所给词的适当形式填空）
13.We must do what we can ______(prevent) the rivers from being polluted by factories. （所给词的适当形式填空）
14.Her husband worked two jobs_________ (cover) the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. （所给词的适当形式填空）
15.Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher,________(help) him think of a foreign name. （所给词的适当形式填空）
二、阅读理解
NASA’s Perseverance rover has been on Mars since mid-February. Perseverance brought along a small helicopter called Ingenuity. On April 19, Ingenuity became the first helicopter to fly on another planet.
That was a big deal because the flying conditions on Mars are completely different from those on Earth. For one thing, the atmosphere on Mars is about 100 times thinner than that on Earth. But Ingenuity flew very well. In first test it simply lifted off and landed. But soon it was doing more difficult activities.
Ingenuity was planned as a technology lest, just to see if a helicopter could fly on Mars. But it has done so well that NASA has now decided to use it to help Perseverance. The helicopter will fly along and help check areas for the rover. It’s not clear how long little helicopter will fly. It was only made to run for 30 days, and it could be landing in some dangerous areas where it’s more likely to have an accident.
On April 20, NASA had another Mars first: a machine called MOXIE produced O2 from in — Martian atmosphere. CO2 gas makes up 96% of the atmosphere on Mars, making it bad for humans to breathe, in order for humans to spend time on Mars, they’ll need to be able to make O2 to breathe. Large amounts of O2 could be used as power for spacecraft.
MOXIE is a small machine made to test the technology for making O2 from the Martian atmosphere. In its first test, MOX1E produced enough O2 to allow a person to breathe for about 10 minutes.
16.What makes it difficult for the helicopter to fly on Mars
A. The strong wind on Mara.
B. The thin atmosphere on Mars.
C. The small size of the helicopter.
D. The poor condition of the helicopter.
17.What was the helicopter intended for
A. Taking pictures. B. Carrying supplies,
C. Testing technology. D. Gathering information.
18.What can we learn about MOXIE that___ .
A. It worked in the Martian environment.
B. It worked better on Mars than on Earth.
C. It was made to run on Mars for 30 days.
D. It produced enough O2 for one to live on Mars.
19.What is the best title for the text
A. A Helicopter to Mars B. Two Tests on Mars
C. Perseverance Rover D. MOXIE: An O2-Maker
Life in space will certainly take some getting used to! But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—the modules(舱) are roomy, bright, and kept at a constant 21℃. It’s important the crew members are comfortable because they’ll be busy aboard the station. In a typical workday, crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising, 1.5 hours preparing and eating meals, and 8.5 hours sleeping. Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station:
Food
Come mealtime, astronauts will have a special dining kitchen. Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth. In early space missions(任务), astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food that didn’t require any preparation. But the space station is equipped with water, microwave ovens, and refrigerators, allowing the folks on board to eat more “normal” types of food, including fruit, vegetables, and ice cream!
Sleep
Each crew member has a private room. With no gravity, they’ll need to tie themselves to their beds, or they will float away! That might sound like a strange way to sleep, but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great! Exercise
You might not think it, but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth. There is not much gravity in space. Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day.
Clothing
Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while travelling aboard the U.S. shuttle or Russian rockets. But once they’re safe inside the space station, crew members can wear regular clothing. Of course, a specially designed, pressurized space suit is required for space walks. It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84℃ in the shadow of the station to 121℃ in the hot sun.
Personal Cleanliness
Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment. A little water doesn’t flow in a stream. Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers, shampoo, and wash off—then a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water. And how do you go to the bathroom in space With a special “air toilet” that uses flowing air instead of water to get rid of waste.
20.The text is mainly about________ .
A. ways to get used to life in space.
B. fun facts about life in space.
C. temperature changes in space.
D. a typical workday in space.
21.What can we learn about space food from the text
A. Space food is getting better now than before.
B. Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.
C. Fresh food isn’t available to astronauts in space.
D. Astronauts eat only fruit, vegetables and ice cream now.
22.Why is exercise more important in space than on Earth
A. It can prevent muscle and bone loss.
B. It can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.
C. It can help astronauts spend their spare time happily.
D. Astronauts’ lives are more important in space than on earth.
23.What can be learned from the paragraph “Clothing”
A. Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm.
B. Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.
C. Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space.
D. The temperature is quite different in different places in space.
答案以及解析
1.答案：to analyse
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：他们应该让教育家或者哲学家来分析，为什么一些学生厌倦学习。根据句意可知，此处意为“让某人做某事”，表达为get sb.to do sth.,故填to analyse.
2.答案：to figure
3.答案：To test
4.答案：to pass
5.答案：to memorize
6.答案：to employ
7.答案：to do
解析：越来越多的人呼吁政府为残疾人做更多的事情。urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事。
8.答案：to come
9.答案：beyond
10.答案：to get
11.答案：To get
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使你的故事生动，你应该把它想象成是发生在你身上的。身临其境地想象故事，是为了让故事更生动，所给动词get在句中做目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式且句首单词首字母大写。故填To get。
12.答案：to help
13.答案：to prevent
解析：考查非谓语动词，句意：我们必须尽我们所能防止河流被工厂污染，分析句子结构可知prevent在句中应用非谓语动词形式，作目的状语应用不定式。故填to prevent。
14.答案：to cover
解析：用不定式作目的状语。句意：她的丈夫做了两份工作来支付账单，而她68岁的母亲有时也会帮忙照顾孩子。
15.答案：to help
16.答案：B
17.答案：C
18.答案：A
19.答案：B
20.答案：B
21.答案：A
22.答案：A
23.答案：D
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