备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：阅读理解（新闻报道）考试试卷

备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：阅读理解（新闻报道）
一、阅读理解
（2023高三下·重庆开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis
Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where
there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write
very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker
Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's
most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir
David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the
Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of
his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings
that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a
scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and
was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004
with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he
designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by
his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures
over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the
sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking
about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs
for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on
traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and
emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and
thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke
the sense of an
oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
1．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
2．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
3．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
4．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
（2023高二下·威远开学考）
阅读理解
Nobody knows the value
of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely
understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social
worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.
Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb
or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when
a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits,
now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.
"It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are, ' and to build
self-esteem (自尊) that way, but never offer
them anything that looks like them, "she says.
Jandrisevits went about
changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and
markers — that resembled (像) her friend's
child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child
and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby,
who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits
was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities(畸形), — in short, a doll that looked like them. She quit her job and started
a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.
Working out of her home
in Milwaukee, from photos sent by parents or caregivers, it takes Jandrisevits roughly
three days to craft only one doll. A GoFundMe page helps her cover costs and allows
her to donate her services. She hasn't charged for a doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she's made more
than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandriscvits will never give up. As
she explains on her GoFundMe page, "Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity,
age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and
see their own."
5．What made Jandrisevits realize the value of dolls
A．The influence of dolls on her. B．Her working experience.
C．The changing medical situations. D．Her relation to the unlucky kids.
6．What does the underlined word ―that‖ refer to in paragraph 3
A．Children's concern about their looks.
B．The problems faced by the child of a friend.
C．The challenging period the youth are going through.
D．The fact that words alone fail to help build self-esteem.
7．What can be inferred about Jandrisevits' making dolls
A．It targets children with mental problems.
B．It is time-consuming but meaningful.
C．It is thought poorly of by people.
D．It brings in a good fortune.
8．Which of the following best describes Jandrisevits
A．Creative and caring. B．Ambitious and devoted.
C．Considerate and sensitive. D．Knowledgeable and generous.
（2023高三下·伊川开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes(基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited(遗传的) diseases. Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic, French woman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A. Doudna came up with a method known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to change the DNA of animals and plants.
It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together—adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. The scientists' work allows researchers to precisely edit specific genes to remove errors that lead to disease.
"There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all," said Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, "It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments. "
Charpentier, 53, spoke of the shock of winning. "Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you're very surprised. And I wish that this will provide a positive message to young girls who would like to follow the path of science. "
Doudna told The Associated Press, "I actually just found out I'm in shock. And my greatest hope is that it's used for good, to uncover new mysteries in biology and to benefit humankind. "
The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT have been in a long court fight over patents(专利) on CRISPR technology, and many other scientists did important work on it, but Doudna and Charpentier have been most consistently(一致地) honored with prizes for turning it into an easily usable tool.
9．What do we know about the two scientists from the first two paragraphs
A．They both work in America.
B．They work harder than other females.
C．They provide a new way to edit genes.
D．They are the first women to win the Nobel Prize.
10．What is Claes Gustafsson's attitude towards the genetic tool
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent. C．Dissatisfied. D．Doubtful.
11．What did Charpentier and Doudna think of their winning the prize
A．They didn't deserve the honor.
B．They thought it good for them.
C．They were both surprised at it.
D．They would be examples to young girls.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．Two Nobel Prize winners surprise the world.
B．Female scientists do better than male scientists.
C．There is research for developing a way of editing genes.
D．Two scientists win the Nobel Prize for gene-editing discovery.
（2023高三上·大兴期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many parents dream of their children growing up and seeing the world. But Edith Lemay, a mother of four from Canada, worried her children were running out of time to do that.
When her first child, Mia, was little, she noticed she would bump into things. In 2018, Mia was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎).
"What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose their field of vision. There's a chance they will go completely blind by midlife," said Lemay.
The disease is genetic, meaning Lemay's other kids were at risk. She soon noticed two of her sons, Collin and Laurent, had the same symptoms. They were soon diagnosed, too.
"Of course it was devastating(令人极为震惊的). And when you have a kid, you always have an image of what their future is going to be like and all of a sudden, you get that news and you need to erase that and think it over. And it really is a grieving process," Lemay said.
Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought about filling their visual memory. In March, Lemay, her husband, and her four kids left Canada and embarked on an epic journey, traveling the globe for a whole year—showing their kids the world, before it is too late.
During their trip, Lemay is homeschooling her kids. The family also made a bucket list of fun activities they want to accomplish, so each kid can see their dreams come true.
Lemay said her kids are not only making visual memories. They're also learning important life lessons, like focusing on the positive. "Sometimes they're tired and there's frustration. It's difficult. But with the travel, I want them to be resilient."
"I want them to know that any situation that's hard is temporary, because through their life, they'll need lots of resilience," she said. "They're going to adapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later, they'll lose a chunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt and adapt again and fall and get back again," Lemay continued.
Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.
13．What risk may the children face in the future
A．They will bump into things. B．They will be unable to grow up.
C．They may get genetic disorders. D．They may totally lose their sight.
14．What can we learn from the passage
A．Lemay tried to erase the devastating news.
B．The travel was not easy but helped the kids stay positive.
C．The parents filled their kids' visual memory through books.
D．The children dropped out of school and were educated at home.
15．Which can best describe Lemay
A．Affectionate and tough. B．Considerate and committed.
C．Patient and generous. D．Sympathetic and sensitive.
（2023高三上·成都期末）阅读理解
Would you eat less junk food if it
costs a little bit more Starting on July 1, the Navajo Nation
will charge a 2% tax (税) on junk food sold
on its reservation (保留地)- the first tax of
its kind in America. The change is part of the Healthy Dine Nation Act, which the tribe's
president Ben Shelly approved last November. The law will also the current 5%
sales tax on healthy food from fresh fruits and vegetables.
Denisa Livingston
from the Dine Community Advocacy Alliance, a group that
helped pass this law, hopes to make
people in the community more aware of their food choices. "This is a
friendly awareness tax, "she said.
In a press release, Livingston said
that by the law, they want to
improve the health of its population, which inhabits a
27, 000-square-mile
reservation from Arizona and New Mexico to Utah.
Approximately 24, 600 Navajo tribe
members face obesity, according to the
Navajo Area Indian Health Service. Type 2 diabetes has emerged as a growing
public health concern affecting up to 60% of reservation residents in some
areas.
Livingston says
that the Navajo Nation's status (身份)as a food desert
contributes to the health problems the people face. A food desert is an area
where fresh, healthy food is
expensive and hard to find. Food deserts are especially common in low-income
communities, such as the Navajo
Nation, where 38% of the
population lives at the poverty level.
The money that the
government collects from junk food taxes will be put towards projects that
encourage people to eat healthy food from community vegetable gardens, greenhouses, and farmers'
markets. "This is going to open the door to more opportunities and
conversations and ideas about how we move to a food oasis (绿洲) where everyone
has access to healthy food, " Livingston
said, "Whether
you're deep in the reservation or the neighboring towns, you will have the
availability of healthy food. "
16．What does the underlined word "eliminate" in paragraph 1 mean
A．Increase. B．Admit. C．Explain. D．Remove.
17．What is the purpose of passing the law
A．To earn much money. B．To correct the tax policy.
C．To make the people healthier. D．To make the reservation popular.
18．Why is Navajo Nation called a food desert
A．Its tax on food is very heavy.
B．There is a lack of healthy food.
C．It is an area far away from towns.
D．Most of the people have a poor life.
19．What message can we find in the last paragraph
A．Doing is better than saying.
B．Where there is a will there is a way.
C．The longest journey begins with the first step.
D．What's taken from the people is used for the people.
（2022高三上·涟水月考）阅读理解
After decades of work
trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is
no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from
endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the
number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.
"China has established
a relatively complete nature reserves system," Cui Shuhong, director of
the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and
Environment, said on Wednesday. "Large areas of natural ecosystems have
been systematically and completely protected, and wildlife habitats have been
effectively improved. "
The latest classification
upgrade reflects their improved living conditions and China's efforts in
keeping their habitats integrated, Cui added.
Bamboo makes up 90% of
pandas' diets, and the animals would likely starve without the shoots. Experts
believe China's efforts to replant bamboo forests have been the key to the
increase in the population of pandas.
Generally speaking, a panda
has to eat at least 26 pounds of bamboo every day to maintain its energy, so
large areas of bamboo forests are primary to their survival.
Planting bamboo also has
advantages for the planet, as the bamboo is grass, not a tree, and is
incredibly efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide, as well as emitting 35% more
oxygen than trees.
"The Chinese have done
a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding and setting up new
reserves," Ginette Hemley, senior vice president of conservation at the
World Wildlife Fund. told the media. "They are a wonderful example of what
can happen when a government is committed to conservation. "
Continuing China's success
will be dependent on the country protecting land from agricultural and urban
development. As land becomes rarer, measures will need to be extended to
protect more land, to ensure bamboo forests can thrive and as a result, protect
the future of the world's most lovable, lazy, and monochrome (black and white)
creature.
20．What do we know about the giant panda according to paragraph 1
A．It has got a classification upgrade.
B．It increases by 1,800 each year.
C．It has seen a decline in population.
D．It is an endangered species.
21．What can be inferred from Ginette Hemley's words
A．Social media makes a difference.
B．Government's commitment is crucial.
C．Panda habitats are getting smaller.
D．Setting up new reserves is impossible.
22．What can be the challenge China faces in achieving continued success
A．Lazy and monochrome animals.
B．Lack of support from the World Wildlife Fund.
C．The influence of agricultural and urban development.
D．The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
23．Where is this text probably from
A．A news website. B．A travel magazine.
C．An official report. D．A biology textbook.
（2022高三上·广安模拟）阅读理解
Elon Musk isn't content
with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also
wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop
devices that can provide treatment to neural(神经的)diseases-and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity
on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it's anywhere
close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously
aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the
Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It's designed to be put in
a person's head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an
ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is
far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials
and governmental approval. Friday's video showed three pigs. One, named
Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the
electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has
always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans.
His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win
over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders(程序员), engineers and especially
people who have actually created a product to apply. "You don't need to
have brain experience," he said, adding that this is something that can be
learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up
directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in
brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson's disease. In 2016, researchers
reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain
implant. But Musk's proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on
those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our
brains to computers one day.
24．What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A．It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B．It can be put in a person's head.
C．It has to be placed behind the ear.
D．It is already available at the market.
25．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "outwit" in paragraph 6
A．Copy. B．Defeat. C．Understand. D．Destroy.
26．What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A．Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B．Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C．People who have already designed some unique product.
D．Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
27．Where is this text likely from
A．An advertisement. B．A test report.
C．A science fiction. D．A news report.
（2022高三上·威远月考）
阅读理解
Language is the bridge
that connects people everywhere. On April 20, people around the world
celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To mark the occasion, the
UN Office at Geneva, Switzerland, organized the first Chinese Language Video
Festival (CLVF).
Participants from 27
countries, including the US, the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Japan, took
part in the one-hour special event, sharing their passion for the Chinese
language and culture through short videos. Over 340 video submissions told touching
stories about a civilized, modern and youthful China through participants'
personal experiences in the country.
Though some people
find the language difficult to learn, most find it to be rewarding.
For M. Yousaf from
Pakistan, learning Chinese gave him a better perspective and insight into the
culture. "Learning Chinese is not just learning a language. It's a
language of one of the biggest populations in the world," Yousaf said.
"If you know this language, you know the civilization and mind of the
people. "
Of course the language
itself is unique, particularly considering it's tonal (音调的) foundation. "Tones are important because a lot of Chinese
syllables (音节) sound similar or even the same – the
tone changes their meaning," said Mike Fuksman, an American living in
Beijing.
To remember Chinese
characters, you can connect them with pictures and make some short stories.
Many people find it is important to use imagination when learning Chinese. For
example, the Chinese character for "tea" has some lines of grass, the
roof of a house and people drinking tea.
Learning any language
comes with benefits, particularly for those who are always looking to learn
more. Since some languages have "loanwords (外来词)"
from Chinese, it may be easier for one to pick up Korean or Japanese after
studying Chinese. "It helped me so much when I started learning
Japanese," said Yerdana.
28．What is the function of Paragraph 3
A．To tell the purpose of the festival.
B．To summarize the above paragraphs.
C．To introduce the following paragraphs.
D．To explain the events of the celebration.
29．How can learners remember Chinese characters according to the passage
A．Making notes. B．Practicing writing.
C．Living in China. D．Using imagination.
30．What is the benefit of learning Chinese according to Yerdana
A．Great help in learning Japanese.
B．Good development of learning ability.
C．A good understanding of the people.
D．A better insight into the Chinese culture.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．The method of learning Chinese.
B．How to write Chinese characters well.
C．The benefits of learning foreign cultures.
D．A new festival and some stories about learning Chinese.
（2022高三上·威远月考）
阅读理解
Liao Wentao, a pet
undertaker, put the body of 2-year-old Garfield on a small bed surrounded by
flowers. Then he let the cat's owner say a last goodbye before cremation (火化). "We send off 400 to 500 pets each year, and there's a great
demand for pet funerals," he told China News.
Keeping pets has
become a trend for young people in China and people are more than willing to
pay for whatever their pets need. From 2019 to 2021, China's pet market grew by
almost 18% and hit 348. 8 billion yuan in value in 2021, according to a report
by iResearch Consulting Group.
As the pet economy
develops, animal lovers' various needs have boosted the emergence and development
of related businesses such as bathing, pet food, pet beauty and healthcare.
In addition to basic
services, pet owners are increasingly paying for many new services, such as training,
pet funerals, insurance, photography and entertainment. The growing pet market
has also given birth to a large number of new pet-related jobs, noted CCTV
News.
Liu Wei, 33, is a
famous pet detective in Shanghai. He and his team work on finding families'
lost pets. "We have successfully helped find more than 1,000 pets. Besides
cats and dogs, there are other pets like birds, lizards and hamsters," Liu
said. "In many big cities, cats and dogs have become an important part of
many families and are taken good care of. So what we look for are not just
pets, but family members. "
Apart from pet
undertakers and detectives, some people work as pet food testers, pet sitters
and pet trainers. According to Tu Di, secretary-general of the Hunan Pet Industry
Association, the booming pet market shows people's improved living standards.
However, there are
also problems with the industry, for example, the high fees of taking pets to
the vet (兽医). Many pet owners have
called for stricter pricing regulations for pet medical services, reported Global
Times.
32．Why is Liao's story mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic. B．To teach readers a lesson.
C．To sum up the main idea. D．To involve readers in a story.
33．How does the author show the pet market is growing
A．By introducing an argument.
B．By telling some true stories.
C．By giving numbers and examples.
D．By focusing on basic pet-related services.
34．What is Tu Di's attitude toward the booming pet market
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.
35．What concern is the growing pet industry bringing about
A．The low quality of services.
B．The rapid growth of the industry.
C．The lack of related regulations.
D．The various needs of animal lovers.
（2022高三上·射洪月考）阅读理解
A Chinese carpenter's
traditional skills have become an unexpected Internet hit as he creates woodwork
with a single piece of wood, without glue, screws or nails. Wang Dewen, known as
"Grandpa Amu" on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, a
well-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich
carpentry(木工手艺)knowledge.
Grandpa Amu's
most popular video, which shows him making a delicate wooden arch bridge, has gone
viral on YouTube, gaining more than 40 million views. "If you do something,
you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested
doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain. "Grandpa Amu shared when talking
about his excellent carpentry skills.
His most popular
works include a folding stool, a model of the China pavilion from the 2010Shanghai
Expo, and an apple-shaped interlocking puzzle, known as a Lu Ban lock. Grandpa Amu
follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯)technique, which means no nails or glue are involved
in the entire process of building the arch bridge.
The master carpenter
has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. His
young grandson's favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine.
Attracting over 1. 17 million fans on YouTube, Grandpa Amu's videos so far have
gained more than 200 million views.
His wonderful
woodworking skills, using the same mortise and tenon joints found in the Forbidden
City, were developed from the age of thirteen as a way of supporting his family
in East China's Shandong Provincc. "The grandson is so happy, as there have
been so many fine and unique toys made by grandpa from an early age, "commented
one netizen; while another said "It's amazing. I hope these traditional crafts
can be passed on!"
36．Why is Grandpa Amu regarded as the modern day Lu Ban
A．For his simple words. B．For his popular videos.
C．For his carpentry skills. D．For his excellent arch bridge.
37．What do Grandpa Amu's remarks mean in Paragraph 2
A．Theory is from practice. B．Success depends on love.
C．Excellent skills lie in hard work. D．Happiness comes from interest.
38．What is the unique feature of Grandpa Amu's craft works
A．No nails or glue. B．Delicate design.
C．The apple shape. D．The wooden material.
39．What message does this text mainly convey
A．Being popular means more fans.
B．Perfect skills earn more money.
C．Supporting family needs more skills.
D．Traditional crafts deserve passing on.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
4．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了Diébédo Francis Kéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic. ”第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样，对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。许多建筑师曾公开认为，2022年将是大卫·阿贾耶爵士的年度，他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名建筑。Kéré，住在柏林，但他的大部分业务都在非洲，一直是——直到现在——很少为人所知，他的建筑包括一些小学和一个医疗诊所。可知，业内人士对于Sir David Adjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下本文主人公的主要作品都在非洲且名气不大，故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." Kéré的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经历。“里面很热。没有光，而外面阳光充足。我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点"可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better. ”我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点；以及"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write. ”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉，为许多孩子提供一个快乐、学习读写的地方。可知，Kéré 设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选B。
4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning.”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。可知，Kéré 设计的学校，采光和通风都良好，故选C。
【答案】5．B
6．D
7．B
8．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Jandrisevits使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. ‘Dolls have a power we don't completely understand,’ she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.”没有人比詹德里塞维斯更了解一个好娃娃的价值了。“娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，”她说。这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。可知，让Jandrisevits意识到洋娃娃的价值的是她的工作经验。故选B。
6．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“It's hard to tell a kid, ‘You are perfect the way you are,’ and to build self-esteem（自尊） that way”对一个孩子说，“你这样就很完美”，并通过这种方式建立自尊是很难的；以及第三段中的“Jandrisevits went about changing that.”Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况，可知，光靠语言无法建立自尊，所以Jandrisevits通过制作娃娃来改变这种状况。可推知，that指代的是“光靠言语是无法帮助建立信心的这个事实”。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll(Jandrisevits”大约花了三天时间制作一个娃娃；以及第一段中的“It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.”这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。可知，Jandrisevits制作娃娃很耗时间，但很有意义。故选B。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She crafted a doll by hand—using fabric, stitching, and markers—that resembled her friend's child and sent it off.”她用布料、针线和马克笔手工制作了一个娃娃，和她朋友的孩子很像，然后送了出去。可知，她是有创造力的，即creative；以及第二段中的“So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.”因此，七年前，当一位朋友透露她的孩子陷入了自我怀疑和自我不信任的困境时，现年49岁的Jandrisevits知道什么可以帮助孩子度过这一充满挑战的时期。可知，她很关心那些生病的人，可用caring形容她。故选A。
【答案】9．C
10．A
11．C
12．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes"两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖。可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法，故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段"There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all. It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments. "这种基因工具蕴含着巨大的力量，它影响着我们所有人。它不仅在基础科学方面取得了巨大的进步，还引领了新的医学治疗方法的进步。可推断Claes Gustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。 根据第四段中的"Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you're very surprised"奇怪的是，很多次我都被告知我会赢，但当它真的发生时，你会非常惊讶；以及第五段中的" I actually just found out I'm in shock"我刚刚才发现自己很震惊。可知，两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的状态。故选C。
12．考查主旨大意。 根据第一段中的"Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes(基因),which offers the promise of one day curing inherited(遗传的)diseases. "两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，这种方法有望在未来治愈遗传疾病；结合文章内容，后文提到基因编辑工具对医学治疗方面的影响等方面，可判断，文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。故选D。
【答案】13．D
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了加拿大Edith Lemay的孩子们患了遗传性疾病，最终可能失去视力，父母带领他们环球旅行，想让他们留下美好的视觉记忆，并学会坚强和乐观，勇敢面对生活中的挑战，体现了父母对子女的爱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段“‘What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose their field of vision. There's a chance they will go completely blind by midlife,’ said Lemay.” “它的症状是，视网膜中的细胞随着时间的推移而死亡，他们失去视力。他们有可能在中年时完全失明，”Lemay说。可知，孩子们患有遗传性疾病——色素性视网膜炎，未来有可能完全失去视力。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“They're also learning important life lessons, like focusing on the positive. 'Sometimes they're tired and there's frustration. It's difficult. But with the travel, I want them to be resilient.'”他们也学习重要的人生课程，比如关注积极的一面。“有时候他们很累，很沮丧。这是困难的。但通过旅行，我希望他们成为有适应能力的。”可推断，旅行不容易但是有助于孩子保持积极。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第六段“Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought about filling their visual memory. In March, Lemay, her husband, and her four kids left Canada and embarked on an epic journey, traveling the globe for a whole year—showing their kids the world, before it is too late.” Lemay想让她的孩子们为即将到来的事情做好准备，她想要填满他们的视觉记忆。今年3月，Lemay和她的丈夫以及她的四个孩子离开加拿大，开始了一场史诗般的旅程，用一年的时间环游世界，趁一切还来得及，让他们的孩子们看看世界；倒数第二段“‘I want them to know that any situation that's hard is temporary, because through their life, they'll need lots of resilience,’ she said. ‘They're going to adapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later, they'll lose a chunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt and adapt again and fall and get back again,’ Lemay continued.” 她说：“我想让他们知道，任何艰难的处境都是暂时的，因为在他们的一生中，他们都需要很强的韧性。”Lemay继续说:“他们会用视力来适应一种情况，几年后，他们会失去大部分视力，他们必须重新适应和适应，跌倒，然后再回来。”；以及最后一段“Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.” 很多父母都想给孩子整个世界，这位妈妈做到了。可推断，Lemay带着孩子进行世界旅行，让孩子们在失去视力前看看世界，留下美好的视觉记忆，想教会孩子们面对失去视力带来的挑战，因此推断她对孩子关爱，体贴入微且充满奉献精神的。故选B。
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．B
19．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，纳瓦霍族保留地通过一项对垃圾食品进行收税的法律，以使当地人变得更加健康。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“The change is part of the Healthy Dine Nation Act，which the tribe's president Ben Shelly approved last November. The law will also the current 5% sales tax on healthy food from fresh fruits and vegetables. ”这一变化是去年11月部落总统本 雪莉批准的《健康饮食国家法案》的一部分。该法律还将取消目前对新鲜水果和蔬菜的健康食品征收5%的销售税。可知， "eliminate"意为"取消"，故选D。
17．考查细节理解。根据第三段“In a press release，Livingston said that by the law，they want to improve the health of its population，which inhabits a 27，000-square-mile reservation from Arizona and New Mexico to Utah. ”利文斯顿在一份新闻稿中表示，根据法律，他们希望改善其居民的健康状况。他们居住在从亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州到犹他州的27000平方英里的保护区内。可知，制定这项法律的目的是使人们更健康。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Livingston says that the Navajo Nation's status（身份）as a food desert contributes to the health problems the people face. A food desert is an area where fresh，healthy food is expensive and hard to find. ”利文斯顿说，纳瓦霍族作为食物沙漠的地位加剧了人们面临的健康问题。食物沙漠是一个新鲜、健康的食物昂贵且难以找到的地区。可知，Navajo Nation因缺乏健康食品而被人称为"食物沙漠地区"。故选B。
19．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The money that the government collects from junk food taxes will be put towards projects that encourage people to eat healthy food from community vegetable gardens，greenhouses，and farmers' markets. ”政府从垃圾食品税中收取的资金将用于鼓励人们从社区菜园、温室和农贸市场中食用健康食品的项目。由此，我们能得出"取之于民，用之于民"的道理。故选D。
【答案】20．A
21．B
22．C
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只。同时介绍了大熊猫的生活习性以及相关人员对中国保护大熊猫做出的努力的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
20．考查细节理解。根据第一段“After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.”在努力拯救大熊猫几十年后，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种。在努力增加大熊猫数量后，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只。可知，对大熊猫的物种分类进行了升级。故选A。
21．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“‘The Chinese have done a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding and setting up new reserves，’ Ginette Hemley, senior vice president of conservation at the World Wildlife Fund. told the media. ‘They are a wonderful example of what can happen when a government is committed to conservation.’”世界野生动物基金会负责保护工作的高级副总裁Ginette Hemley对媒体说：“中国人在投资大熊猫栖息地、扩大和建立新的保护区方面做得很好，它们是一个很好的例子，说明当政府致力于保护环境时，会发生什么。”可推知，Ginette Hemley的话表明政府的承诺是至关重要的。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Continuing China's success will be dependent on the country protecting land from agricultural and urban development. ”中国要想继续取得成功，就必须保护土地不受农业和城市发展的影响。可知，中国在取得持续成功的过程中会面临农业和城市发展的影响的挑战。故选C。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段“After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.”在努力拯救大熊猫几十年后，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种。在努力增加大熊猫数量后，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只；以及结合全文内容，本文介绍了大熊猫的生活习性以及相关人员对中国保护大熊猫做出的努力的看法，可推知，文章可能来自官方报告。故选C。
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．C
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Elon Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第四段“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It's designed to be put in a person's head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.”在周五的一段显然是寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的头上。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样被放在耳朵后面。可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
25．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!” 他的解决方案 把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们!可推断，Elon Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类。划线词词义表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
26．考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“Musk urged coders(程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply.”Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品的人来申请。可知，Elon Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第二段“His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural(神经的)diseases-and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.”他的目标是开发能够为神经疾病提供治疗的设备——这可能有一天足够强大，使人类与未来可能的超级智能计算机处于平等的地位；以及下文可知，文章主要是对Elon Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品进行的报道。因此推断这是一篇新闻报道。故选D。
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了联合国驻瑞士日内瓦办事处举办了首届中文影像节来庆祝联合国中文日，来自27个国家的人们参加了这次特殊活动，并通过视频的方式分享了他们学习汉语的经历和想法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第三段“Though some people find the language difficult to learn, most find it to be rewarding.”虽然有些人觉得这门语言很难学，但大多数人觉得它很有价值；以及第四段中的“‘Learning Chinese is not just learning a language. It's a language of one of the biggest populations in the world,’ Yousaf said. ‘If you know this language, you know the civilization and mind of the people.’”“学习中文不仅仅是学习一门语言。这是世界上人口最多的国家之一使用的语言，”Yousaf说。“如果你懂这门语言，你就知道这个民族的文明和思想。”可知，第四段承接了第三段的内容，阐释了学习汉语的价值。可推知，第三段起到的作用是引起下文。故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“To remember Chinese characters, you can connect them with pictures and make some short stories. Many people find it is important to use imagination when learning Chinese. ”为了记住汉字，你可以把它们和图画联系起来，编一些短篇故事。许多人发现学习汉语时发挥想象力是很重要的。可知，很多汉语学习者通过发挥想象力的方式来学习汉字。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“‘It helped me so much when I started learning Japanese,’ said Yerdana.”“当我开始学习日语时，它对我帮助很大，”叶丹娜说。可知，对叶丹娜来说学习汉语对她学习日语有很大帮助。故选A。
31．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On April 20, people around the world celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To mark the occasion, the UN Office at Geneva, Switzerland, organized the first Chinese Language Video Festival (CLVF).”4月20日，全世界人民庆祝联合国中文日。为纪念这一节日，联合国驻瑞士日内瓦办事处举办了首届中文影像节；以及下文介绍可知，本文介绍了一个新节日和一些关于学习汉语的故事。故选D。
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．B
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，随着经济的不断发展，与宠物热爱者有关的需求不断增加，由此促进了很多和宠物有关的行业的出现。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Liao Wentao, a pet undertaker, put the body of 2—year—old Garfield on a small bed surrounded by flowers. Then he let the cat's owner say a last goodbye before cremation”宠物殡仪馆老板廖文涛把两岁的加菲猫的尸体放在一张铺满鲜花的小床上。然后他让猫的主人在火葬前做最后的道别。可知，第一段是以廖文涛工作的例子来呈现一种和宠物相关的新工作行业，由此引出文章的主题。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“From 2019 to 2021, China's pet market grew by almost 18% and hit 348.8billion yuan in value in 2021, according to a report by Research Consulting Group.”艾瑞咨询的一份报告显示，从2019年到2021年，中国宠物市场增长了近18%，在2021年达到3488亿元。可知，作者通过数字和例子说明宠物市场正在增长。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“According to Tu Di, secretary—general of the Hunan Pet Industry Association, the booming pet market shows people's improved living standards.”湖南省宠物行业协会秘书长涂迪表示，宠物市场的蓬勃发展表明了人们生活水平的提高。可知，涂迪对于日益发展的宠物市场经济持有的是支持的态度，因为它反映了人们生活水平的提高。故选B。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“However, there are also problems with the industry, for example, the high fees of taking pets to the vet (兽医). Many pet owners have called for stricter pricing regulations for pet medical services, reported Global Times.”然而，该行业也存在一些问题，例如，带宠物去看兽医的费用太高。据《环球时报》报道，许多宠物主人呼吁对宠物医疗服务实行更严格的定价规定。可知，在该行业发展的过程中引发人们担心的是缺乏更加严格的定价规定即相关的规则不完善。故选C。
【答案】36．C
37．C
38．A
39．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国63岁的木匠王德文因其高超的木匠技术在网络走红。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Wang De wen, known as ‘Grandpa Amu’on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, a well-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich carpentry knowledge.”在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”的王德文，因其丰富的木工知识，被誉为当代的鲁班。可知，阿木爷爷王德文因为其丰富的木匠知识被称之为当代鲁班。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“If you do something, you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain.”做一件事，就要热爱它，就要对它感兴趣；然而，感兴趣并不意味着只有快乐就没有痛苦。可知，要做好一件事情喜欢和热爱是前提，但是想要做好一件事单凭兴趣是远远不够的。可推知，想要做好一件事，不仅需要兴趣爱好，还需要投入大量的时间和精力来练习。即精湛的技能需要反复地训练。故选C。
38．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique, which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.”阿木爷爷遵循中国古代的榫卯技术，也就是说，在建造拱桥的整个过程中，没有钉子和胶水的参与。可知，阿木爷爷的作品遵循中国古代的榫卯技术，没有使用钉子和胶水。故选A。
39．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's amazing. I hope these traditional crafts can be passed on!”太棒了。我希望这些传统工艺能够传承下去。可知，作者引用网友的评论想要表面这种精湛的传统木匠技术应该代代流传下去。即传统手工艺值得传承。故选D。
备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：阅读理解（新闻报道）
一、阅读理解
（2023高三下·重庆开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis
Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where
there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write
very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker
Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's
most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir
David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the
Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of
his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings
that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a
scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and
was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004
with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he
designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by
his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures
over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the
sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking
about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs
for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on
traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and
emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and
thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke
the sense of an
oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
1．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
2．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
3．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
4．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．B
4．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了Diébédo Francis Kéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic. ”第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样，对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。许多建筑师曾公开认为，2022年将是大卫·阿贾耶爵士的年度，他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名建筑。Kéré，住在柏林，但他的大部分业务都在非洲，一直是——直到现在——很少为人所知，他的建筑包括一些小学和一个医疗诊所。可知，业内人士对于Sir David Adjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下本文主人公的主要作品都在非洲且名气不大，故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." Kéré的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经历。“里面很热。没有光，而外面阳光充足。我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点"可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better. ”我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点；以及"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write. ”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉，为许多孩子提供一个快乐、学习读写的地方。可知，Kéré 设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选B。
4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning.”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。可知，Kéré 设计的学校，采光和通风都良好，故选C。
（2023高二下·威远开学考）
阅读理解
Nobody knows the value
of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. "Dolls have a power we don't completely
understand," she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social
worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.
Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb
or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when
a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits,
now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.
"It's hard to tell a kid, 'You are perfect the way you are, ' and to build
self-esteem (自尊) that way, but never offer
them anything that looks like them, "she says.
Jandrisevits went about
changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and
markers — that resembled (像) her friend's
child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child
and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby,
who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits
was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities(畸形), — in short, a doll that looked like them. She quit her job and started
a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.
Working out of her home
in Milwaukee, from photos sent by parents or caregivers, it takes Jandrisevits roughly
three days to craft only one doll. A GoFundMe page helps her cover costs and allows
her to donate her services. She hasn't charged for a doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she's made more
than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandriscvits will never give up. As
she explains on her GoFundMe page, "Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity,
age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and
see their own."
5．What made Jandrisevits realize the value of dolls
A．The influence of dolls on her. B．Her working experience.
C．The changing medical situations. D．Her relation to the unlucky kids.
6．What does the underlined word ―that‖ refer to in paragraph 3
A．Children's concern about their looks.
B．The problems faced by the child of a friend.
C．The challenging period the youth are going through.
D．The fact that words alone fail to help build self-esteem.
7．What can be inferred about Jandrisevits' making dolls
A．It targets children with mental problems.
B．It is time-consuming but meaningful.
C．It is thought poorly of by people.
D．It brings in a good fortune.
8．Which of the following best describes Jandrisevits
A．Creative and caring. B．Ambitious and devoted.
C．Considerate and sensitive. D．Knowledgeable and generous.
【答案】5．B
6．D
7．B
8．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Jandrisevits使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Nobody knows the value of a good doll better than Jandrisevits. ‘Dolls have a power we don't completely understand,’ she said. It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.”没有人比詹德里塞维斯更了解一个好娃娃的价值了。“娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，”她说。这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。可知，让Jandrisevits意识到洋娃娃的价值的是她的工作经验。故选B。
6．考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“It's hard to tell a kid, ‘You are perfect the way you are,’ and to build self-esteem（自尊） that way”对一个孩子说，“你这样就很完美”，并通过这种方式建立自尊是很难的；以及第三段中的“Jandrisevits went about changing that.”Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况，可知，光靠语言无法建立自尊，所以Jandrisevits通过制作娃娃来改变这种状况。可推知，that指代的是“光靠言语是无法帮助建立信心的这个事实”。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“it takes Jandrisevits roughly three days to craft only one doll(Jandrisevits”大约花了三天时间制作一个娃娃；以及第一段中的“It's a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations.”这是她在做社会工作者时得出的结论，当时她使用洋娃娃来帮助年轻客户适应不断变化的医疗状况。可知，Jandrisevits制作娃娃很耗时间，但很有意义。故选B。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“She crafted a doll by hand—using fabric, stitching, and markers—that resembled her friend's child and sent it off.”她用布料、针线和马克笔手工制作了一个娃娃，和她朋友的孩子很像，然后送了出去。可知，她是有创造力的，即creative；以及第二段中的“So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was stuck in self-doubt and self-distrust, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period.”因此，七年前，当一位朋友透露她的孩子陷入了自我怀疑和自我不信任的困境时，现年49岁的Jandrisevits知道什么可以帮助孩子度过这一充满挑战的时期。可知，她很关心那些生病的人，可用caring形容她。故选A。
（2023高三下·伊川开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes(基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited(遗传的) diseases. Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic, French woman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A. Doudna came up with a method known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to change the DNA of animals and plants.
It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together—adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. The scientists' work allows researchers to precisely edit specific genes to remove errors that lead to disease.
"There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all," said Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, "It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments. "
Charpentier, 53, spoke of the shock of winning. "Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you're very surprised. And I wish that this will provide a positive message to young girls who would like to follow the path of science. "
Doudna told The Associated Press, "I actually just found out I'm in shock. And my greatest hope is that it's used for good, to uncover new mysteries in biology and to benefit humankind. "
The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT have been in a long court fight over patents(专利) on CRISPR technology, and many other scientists did important work on it, but Doudna and Charpentier have been most consistently(一致地) honored with prizes for turning it into an easily usable tool.
9．What do we know about the two scientists from the first two paragraphs
A．They both work in America.
B．They work harder than other females.
C．They provide a new way to edit genes.
D．They are the first women to win the Nobel Prize.
10．What is Claes Gustafsson's attitude towards the genetic tool
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent. C．Dissatisfied. D．Doubtful.
11．What did Charpentier and Doudna think of their winning the prize
A．They didn't deserve the honor.
B．They thought it good for them.
C．They were both surprised at it.
D．They would be examples to young girls.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．Two Nobel Prize winners surprise the world.
B．Female scientists do better than male scientists.
C．There is research for developing a way of editing genes.
D．Two scientists win the Nobel Prize for gene-editing discovery.
【答案】9．C
10．A
11．C
12．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes"两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖。可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法，故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段"There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all. It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments. "这种基因工具蕴含着巨大的力量，它影响着我们所有人。它不仅在基础科学方面取得了巨大的进步，还引领了新的医学治疗方法的进步。可推断Claes Gustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。 根据第四段中的"Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you're very surprised"奇怪的是，很多次我都被告知我会赢，但当它真的发生时，你会非常惊讶；以及第五段中的" I actually just found out I'm in shock"我刚刚才发现自己很震惊。可知，两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的状态。故选C。
12．考查主旨大意。 根据第一段中的"Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes(基因),which offers the promise of one day curing inherited(遗传的)diseases. "两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，这种方法有望在未来治愈遗传疾病；结合文章内容，后文提到基因编辑工具对医学治疗方面的影响等方面，可判断，文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。故选D。
（2023高三上·大兴期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many parents dream of their children growing up and seeing the world. But Edith Lemay, a mother of four from Canada, worried her children were running out of time to do that.
When her first child, Mia, was little, she noticed she would bump into things. In 2018, Mia was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎).
"What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose their field of vision. There's a chance they will go completely blind by midlife," said Lemay.
The disease is genetic, meaning Lemay's other kids were at risk. She soon noticed two of her sons, Collin and Laurent, had the same symptoms. They were soon diagnosed, too.
"Of course it was devastating(令人极为震惊的). And when you have a kid, you always have an image of what their future is going to be like and all of a sudden, you get that news and you need to erase that and think it over. And it really is a grieving process," Lemay said.
Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought about filling their visual memory. In March, Lemay, her husband, and her four kids left Canada and embarked on an epic journey, traveling the globe for a whole year—showing their kids the world, before it is too late.
During their trip, Lemay is homeschooling her kids. The family also made a bucket list of fun activities they want to accomplish, so each kid can see their dreams come true.
Lemay said her kids are not only making visual memories. They're also learning important life lessons, like focusing on the positive. "Sometimes they're tired and there's frustration. It's difficult. But with the travel, I want them to be resilient."
"I want them to know that any situation that's hard is temporary, because through their life, they'll need lots of resilience," she said. "They're going to adapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later, they'll lose a chunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt and adapt again and fall and get back again," Lemay continued.
Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.
13．What risk may the children face in the future
A．They will bump into things. B．They will be unable to grow up.
C．They may get genetic disorders. D．They may totally lose their sight.
14．What can we learn from the passage
A．Lemay tried to erase the devastating news.
B．The travel was not easy but helped the kids stay positive.
C．The parents filled their kids' visual memory through books.
D．The children dropped out of school and were educated at home.
15．Which can best describe Lemay
A．Affectionate and tough. B．Considerate and committed.
C．Patient and generous. D．Sympathetic and sensitive.
【答案】13．D
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了加拿大Edith Lemay的孩子们患了遗传性疾病，最终可能失去视力，父母带领他们环球旅行，想让他们留下美好的视觉记忆，并学会坚强和乐观，勇敢面对生活中的挑战，体现了父母对子女的爱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段“‘What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose their field of vision. There's a chance they will go completely blind by midlife,’ said Lemay.” “它的症状是，视网膜中的细胞随着时间的推移而死亡，他们失去视力。他们有可能在中年时完全失明，”Lemay说。可知，孩子们患有遗传性疾病——色素性视网膜炎，未来有可能完全失去视力。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“They're also learning important life lessons, like focusing on the positive. 'Sometimes they're tired and there's frustration. It's difficult. But with the travel, I want them to be resilient.'”他们也学习重要的人生课程，比如关注积极的一面。“有时候他们很累，很沮丧。这是困难的。但通过旅行，我希望他们成为有适应能力的。”可推断，旅行不容易但是有助于孩子保持积极。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第六段“Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought about filling their visual memory. In March, Lemay, her husband, and her four kids left Canada and embarked on an epic journey, traveling the globe for a whole year—showing their kids the world, before it is too late.” Lemay想让她的孩子们为即将到来的事情做好准备，她想要填满他们的视觉记忆。今年3月，Lemay和她的丈夫以及她的四个孩子离开加拿大，开始了一场史诗般的旅程，用一年的时间环游世界，趁一切还来得及，让他们的孩子们看看世界；倒数第二段“‘I want them to know that any situation that's hard is temporary, because through their life, they'll need lots of resilience,’ she said. ‘They're going to adapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later, they'll lose a chunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt and adapt again and fall and get back again,’ Lemay continued.” 她说：“我想让他们知道，任何艰难的处境都是暂时的，因为在他们的一生中，他们都需要很强的韧性。”Lemay继续说:“他们会用视力来适应一种情况，几年后，他们会失去大部分视力，他们必须重新适应和适应，跌倒，然后再回来。”；以及最后一段“Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.” 很多父母都想给孩子整个世界，这位妈妈做到了。可推断，Lemay带着孩子进行世界旅行，让孩子们在失去视力前看看世界，留下美好的视觉记忆，想教会孩子们面对失去视力带来的挑战，因此推断她对孩子关爱，体贴入微且充满奉献精神的。故选B。
（2023高三上·成都期末）阅读理解
Would you eat less junk food if it
costs a little bit more Starting on July 1, the Navajo Nation
will charge a 2% tax (税) on junk food sold
on its reservation (保留地)- the first tax of
its kind in America. The change is part of the Healthy Dine Nation Act, which the tribe's
president Ben Shelly approved last November. The law will also the current 5%
sales tax on healthy food from fresh fruits and vegetables.
Denisa Livingston
from the Dine Community Advocacy Alliance, a group that
helped pass this law, hopes to make
people in the community more aware of their food choices. "This is a
friendly awareness tax, "she said.
In a press release, Livingston said
that by the law, they want to
improve the health of its population, which inhabits a
27, 000-square-mile
reservation from Arizona and New Mexico to Utah.
Approximately 24, 600 Navajo tribe
members face obesity, according to the
Navajo Area Indian Health Service. Type 2 diabetes has emerged as a growing
public health concern affecting up to 60% of reservation residents in some
areas.
Livingston says
that the Navajo Nation's status (身份)as a food desert
contributes to the health problems the people face. A food desert is an area
where fresh, healthy food is
expensive and hard to find. Food deserts are especially common in low-income
communities, such as the Navajo
Nation, where 38% of the
population lives at the poverty level.
The money that the
government collects from junk food taxes will be put towards projects that
encourage people to eat healthy food from community vegetable gardens, greenhouses, and farmers'
markets. "This is going to open the door to more opportunities and
conversations and ideas about how we move to a food oasis (绿洲) where everyone
has access to healthy food, " Livingston
said, "Whether
you're deep in the reservation or the neighboring towns, you will have the
availability of healthy food. "
16．What does the underlined word "eliminate" in paragraph 1 mean
A．Increase. B．Admit. C．Explain. D．Remove.
17．What is the purpose of passing the law
A．To earn much money. B．To correct the tax policy.
C．To make the people healthier. D．To make the reservation popular.
18．Why is Navajo Nation called a food desert
A．Its tax on food is very heavy.
B．There is a lack of healthy food.
C．It is an area far away from towns.
D．Most of the people have a poor life.
19．What message can we find in the last paragraph
A．Doing is better than saying.
B．Where there is a will there is a way.
C．The longest journey begins with the first step.
D．What's taken from the people is used for the people.
【答案】16．D
17．C
18．B
19．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，纳瓦霍族保留地通过一项对垃圾食品进行收税的法律，以使当地人变得更加健康。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“The change is part of the Healthy Dine Nation Act，which the tribe's president Ben Shelly approved last November. The law will also the current 5% sales tax on healthy food from fresh fruits and vegetables. ”这一变化是去年11月部落总统本 雪莉批准的《健康饮食国家法案》的一部分。该法律还将取消目前对新鲜水果和蔬菜的健康食品征收5%的销售税。可知， "eliminate"意为"取消"，故选D。
17．考查细节理解。根据第三段“In a press release，Livingston said that by the law，they want to improve the health of its population，which inhabits a 27，000-square-mile reservation from Arizona and New Mexico to Utah. ”利文斯顿在一份新闻稿中表示，根据法律，他们希望改善其居民的健康状况。他们居住在从亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州到犹他州的27000平方英里的保护区内。可知，制定这项法律的目的是使人们更健康。故选C。
18．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Livingston says that the Navajo Nation's status（身份）as a food desert contributes to the health problems the people face. A food desert is an area where fresh，healthy food is expensive and hard to find. ”利文斯顿说，纳瓦霍族作为食物沙漠的地位加剧了人们面临的健康问题。食物沙漠是一个新鲜、健康的食物昂贵且难以找到的地区。可知，Navajo Nation因缺乏健康食品而被人称为"食物沙漠地区"。故选B。
19．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The money that the government collects from junk food taxes will be put towards projects that encourage people to eat healthy food from community vegetable gardens，greenhouses，and farmers' markets. ”政府从垃圾食品税中收取的资金将用于鼓励人们从社区菜园、温室和农贸市场中食用健康食品的项目。由此，我们能得出"取之于民，用之于民"的道理。故选D。
（2022高三上·涟水月考）阅读理解
After decades of work
trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is
no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from
endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the
number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.
"China has established
a relatively complete nature reserves system," Cui Shuhong, director of
the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and
Environment, said on Wednesday. "Large areas of natural ecosystems have
been systematically and completely protected, and wildlife habitats have been
effectively improved. "
The latest classification
upgrade reflects their improved living conditions and China's efforts in
keeping their habitats integrated, Cui added.
Bamboo makes up 90% of
pandas' diets, and the animals would likely starve without the shoots. Experts
believe China's efforts to replant bamboo forests have been the key to the
increase in the population of pandas.
Generally speaking, a panda
has to eat at least 26 pounds of bamboo every day to maintain its energy, so
large areas of bamboo forests are primary to their survival.
Planting bamboo also has
advantages for the planet, as the bamboo is grass, not a tree, and is
incredibly efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide, as well as emitting 35% more
oxygen than trees.
"The Chinese have done
a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding and setting up new
reserves," Ginette Hemley, senior vice president of conservation at the
World Wildlife Fund. told the media. "They are a wonderful example of what
can happen when a government is committed to conservation. "
Continuing China's success
will be dependent on the country protecting land from agricultural and urban
development. As land becomes rarer, measures will need to be extended to
protect more land, to ensure bamboo forests can thrive and as a result, protect
the future of the world's most lovable, lazy, and monochrome (black and white)
creature.
20．What do we know about the giant panda according to paragraph 1
A．It has got a classification upgrade.
B．It increases by 1,800 each year.
C．It has seen a decline in population.
D．It is an endangered species.
21．What can be inferred from Ginette Hemley's words
A．Social media makes a difference.
B．Government's commitment is crucial.
C．Panda habitats are getting smaller.
D．Setting up new reserves is impossible.
22．What can be the challenge China faces in achieving continued success
A．Lazy and monochrome animals.
B．Lack of support from the World Wildlife Fund.
C．The influence of agricultural and urban development.
D．The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
23．Where is this text probably from
A．A news website. B．A travel magazine.
C．An official report. D．A biology textbook.
【答案】20．A
21．B
22．C
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只。同时介绍了大熊猫的生活习性以及相关人员对中国保护大熊猫做出的努力的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
20．考查细节理解。根据第一段“After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.”在努力拯救大熊猫几十年后，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种。在努力增加大熊猫数量后，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只。可知，对大熊猫的物种分类进行了升级。故选A。
21．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“‘The Chinese have done a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding and setting up new reserves，’ Ginette Hemley, senior vice president of conservation at the World Wildlife Fund. told the media. ‘They are a wonderful example of what can happen when a government is committed to conservation.’”世界野生动物基金会负责保护工作的高级副总裁Ginette Hemley对媒体说：“中国人在投资大熊猫栖息地、扩大和建立新的保护区方面做得很好，它们是一个很好的例子，说明当政府致力于保护环境时，会发生什么。”可推知，Ginette Hemley的话表明政府的承诺是至关重要的。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Continuing China's success will be dependent on the country protecting land from agricultural and urban development. ”中国要想继续取得成功，就必须保护土地不受农业和城市发展的影响。可知，中国在取得持续成功的过程中会面临农业和城市发展的影响的挑战。故选C。
23．考查推理判断。根据第一段“After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in the country from endangered to vulnerable after efforts to increase the population. Now the number has risen to 1,800 in the wild.”在努力拯救大熊猫几十年后，中国官员宣布，大熊猫不再是濒危物种。在努力增加大熊猫数量后，中国将大熊猫从濒危物种重新分类为易受伤害物种。现在野外的这一数字已经上升到1800只；以及结合全文内容，本文介绍了大熊猫的生活习性以及相关人员对中国保护大熊猫做出的努力的看法，可推知，文章可能来自官方报告。故选C。
（2022高三上·广安模拟）阅读理解
Elon Musk isn't content
with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also
wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop
devices that can provide treatment to neural(神经的)diseases-and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity
on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it's anywhere
close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously
aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the
Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It's designed to be put in
a person's head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an
ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is
far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials
and governmental approval. Friday's video showed three pigs. One, named
Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the
electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has
always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans.
His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win
over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders(程序员), engineers and especially
people who have actually created a product to apply. "You don't need to
have brain experience," he said, adding that this is something that can be
learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up
directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in
brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson's disease. In 2016, researchers
reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain
implant. But Musk's proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on
those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our
brains to computers one day.
24．What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A．It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B．It can be put in a person's head.
C．It has to be placed behind the ear.
D．It is already available at the market.
25．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "outwit" in paragraph 6
A．Copy. B．Defeat. C．Understand. D．Destroy.
26．What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A．Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B．Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C．People who have already designed some unique product.
D．Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
27．Where is this text likely from
A．An advertisement. B．A test report.
C．A science fiction. D．A news report.
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．C
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Elon Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第四段“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It's designed to be put in a person's head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.”在周五的一段显然是寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的头上。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样被放在耳朵后面。可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
25．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!” 他的解决方案 把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们!可推断，Elon Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类。划线词词义表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
26．考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“Musk urged coders(程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply.”Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品的人来申请。可知，Elon Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第二段“His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural(神经的)diseases-and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.”他的目标是开发能够为神经疾病提供治疗的设备——这可能有一天足够强大，使人类与未来可能的超级智能计算机处于平等的地位；以及下文可知，文章主要是对Elon Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品进行的报道。因此推断这是一篇新闻报道。故选D。
（2022高三上·威远月考）
阅读理解
Language is the bridge
that connects people everywhere. On April 20, people around the world
celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To mark the occasion, the
UN Office at Geneva, Switzerland, organized the first Chinese Language Video
Festival (CLVF).
Participants from 27
countries, including the US, the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Japan, took
part in the one-hour special event, sharing their passion for the Chinese
language and culture through short videos. Over 340 video submissions told touching
stories about a civilized, modern and youthful China through participants'
personal experiences in the country.
Though some people
find the language difficult to learn, most find it to be rewarding.
For M. Yousaf from
Pakistan, learning Chinese gave him a better perspective and insight into the
culture. "Learning Chinese is not just learning a language. It's a
language of one of the biggest populations in the world," Yousaf said.
"If you know this language, you know the civilization and mind of the
people. "
Of course the language
itself is unique, particularly considering it's tonal (音调的) foundation. "Tones are important because a lot of Chinese
syllables (音节) sound similar or even the same – the
tone changes their meaning," said Mike Fuksman, an American living in
Beijing.
To remember Chinese
characters, you can connect them with pictures and make some short stories.
Many people find it is important to use imagination when learning Chinese. For
example, the Chinese character for "tea" has some lines of grass, the
roof of a house and people drinking tea.
Learning any language
comes with benefits, particularly for those who are always looking to learn
more. Since some languages have "loanwords (外来词)"
from Chinese, it may be easier for one to pick up Korean or Japanese after
studying Chinese. "It helped me so much when I started learning
Japanese," said Yerdana.
28．What is the function of Paragraph 3
A．To tell the purpose of the festival.
B．To summarize the above paragraphs.
C．To introduce the following paragraphs.
D．To explain the events of the celebration.
29．How can learners remember Chinese characters according to the passage
A．Making notes. B．Practicing writing.
C．Living in China. D．Using imagination.
30．What is the benefit of learning Chinese according to Yerdana
A．Great help in learning Japanese.
B．Good development of learning ability.
C．A good understanding of the people.
D．A better insight into the Chinese culture.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．The method of learning Chinese.
B．How to write Chinese characters well.
C．The benefits of learning foreign cultures.
D．A new festival and some stories about learning Chinese.
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了联合国驻瑞士日内瓦办事处举办了首届中文影像节来庆祝联合国中文日，来自27个国家的人们参加了这次特殊活动，并通过视频的方式分享了他们学习汉语的经历和想法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第三段“Though some people find the language difficult to learn, most find it to be rewarding.”虽然有些人觉得这门语言很难学，但大多数人觉得它很有价值；以及第四段中的“‘Learning Chinese is not just learning a language. It's a language of one of the biggest populations in the world,’ Yousaf said. ‘If you know this language, you know the civilization and mind of the people.’”“学习中文不仅仅是学习一门语言。这是世界上人口最多的国家之一使用的语言，”Yousaf说。“如果你懂这门语言，你就知道这个民族的文明和思想。”可知，第四段承接了第三段的内容，阐释了学习汉语的价值。可推知，第三段起到的作用是引起下文。故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“To remember Chinese characters, you can connect them with pictures and make some short stories. Many people find it is important to use imagination when learning Chinese. ”为了记住汉字，你可以把它们和图画联系起来，编一些短篇故事。许多人发现学习汉语时发挥想象力是很重要的。可知，很多汉语学习者通过发挥想象力的方式来学习汉字。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“‘It helped me so much when I started learning Japanese,’ said Yerdana.”“当我开始学习日语时，它对我帮助很大，”叶丹娜说。可知，对叶丹娜来说学习汉语对她学习日语有很大帮助。故选A。
31．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On April 20, people around the world celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To mark the occasion, the UN Office at Geneva, Switzerland, organized the first Chinese Language Video Festival (CLVF).”4月20日，全世界人民庆祝联合国中文日。为纪念这一节日，联合国驻瑞士日内瓦办事处举办了首届中文影像节；以及下文介绍可知，本文介绍了一个新节日和一些关于学习汉语的故事。故选D。
（2022高三上·威远月考）
阅读理解
Liao Wentao, a pet
undertaker, put the body of 2-year-old Garfield on a small bed surrounded by
flowers. Then he let the cat's owner say a last goodbye before cremation (火化). "We send off 400 to 500 pets each year, and there's a great
demand for pet funerals," he told China News.
Keeping pets has
become a trend for young people in China and people are more than willing to
pay for whatever their pets need. From 2019 to 2021, China's pet market grew by
almost 18% and hit 348. 8 billion yuan in value in 2021, according to a report
by iResearch Consulting Group.
As the pet economy
develops, animal lovers' various needs have boosted the emergence and development
of related businesses such as bathing, pet food, pet beauty and healthcare.
In addition to basic
services, pet owners are increasingly paying for many new services, such as training,
pet funerals, insurance, photography and entertainment. The growing pet market
has also given birth to a large number of new pet-related jobs, noted CCTV
News.
Liu Wei, 33, is a
famous pet detective in Shanghai. He and his team work on finding families'
lost pets. "We have successfully helped find more than 1,000 pets. Besides
cats and dogs, there are other pets like birds, lizards and hamsters," Liu
said. "In many big cities, cats and dogs have become an important part of
many families and are taken good care of. So what we look for are not just
pets, but family members. "
Apart from pet
undertakers and detectives, some people work as pet food testers, pet sitters
and pet trainers. According to Tu Di, secretary-general of the Hunan Pet Industry
Association, the booming pet market shows people's improved living standards.
However, there are
also problems with the industry, for example, the high fees of taking pets to
the vet (兽医). Many pet owners have
called for stricter pricing regulations for pet medical services, reported Global
Times.
32．Why is Liao's story mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To introduce the topic. B．To teach readers a lesson.
C．To sum up the main idea. D．To involve readers in a story.
33．How does the author show the pet market is growing
A．By introducing an argument.
B．By telling some true stories.
C．By giving numbers and examples.
D．By focusing on basic pet-related services.
34．What is Tu Di's attitude toward the booming pet market
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.
35．What concern is the growing pet industry bringing about
A．The low quality of services.
B．The rapid growth of the industry.
C．The lack of related regulations.
D．The various needs of animal lovers.
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．B
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，随着经济的不断发展，与宠物热爱者有关的需求不断增加，由此促进了很多和宠物有关的行业的出现。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Liao Wentao, a pet undertaker, put the body of 2—year—old Garfield on a small bed surrounded by flowers. Then he let the cat's owner say a last goodbye before cremation”宠物殡仪馆老板廖文涛把两岁的加菲猫的尸体放在一张铺满鲜花的小床上。然后他让猫的主人在火葬前做最后的道别。可知，第一段是以廖文涛工作的例子来呈现一种和宠物相关的新工作行业，由此引出文章的主题。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“From 2019 to 2021, China's pet market grew by almost 18% and hit 348.8billion yuan in value in 2021, according to a report by Research Consulting Group.”艾瑞咨询的一份报告显示，从2019年到2021年，中国宠物市场增长了近18%，在2021年达到3488亿元。可知，作者通过数字和例子说明宠物市场正在增长。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“According to Tu Di, secretary—general of the Hunan Pet Industry Association, the booming pet market shows people's improved living standards.”湖南省宠物行业协会秘书长涂迪表示，宠物市场的蓬勃发展表明了人们生活水平的提高。可知，涂迪对于日益发展的宠物市场经济持有的是支持的态度，因为它反映了人们生活水平的提高。故选B。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“However, there are also problems with the industry, for example, the high fees of taking pets to the vet (兽医). Many pet owners have called for stricter pricing regulations for pet medical services, reported Global Times.”然而，该行业也存在一些问题，例如，带宠物去看兽医的费用太高。据《环球时报》报道，许多宠物主人呼吁对宠物医疗服务实行更严格的定价规定。可知，在该行业发展的过程中引发人们担心的是缺乏更加严格的定价规定即相关的规则不完善。故选C。
（2022高三上·射洪月考）阅读理解
A Chinese carpenter's
traditional skills have become an unexpected Internet hit as he creates woodwork
with a single piece of wood, without glue, screws or nails. Wang Dewen, known as
"Grandpa Amu" on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, a
well-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich
carpentry(木工手艺)knowledge.
Grandpa Amu's
most popular video, which shows him making a delicate wooden arch bridge, has gone
viral on YouTube, gaining more than 40 million views. "If you do something,
you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested
doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain. "Grandpa Amu shared when talking
about his excellent carpentry skills.
His most popular
works include a folding stool, a model of the China pavilion from the 2010Shanghai
Expo, and an apple-shaped interlocking puzzle, known as a Lu Ban lock. Grandpa Amu
follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯)technique, which means no nails or glue are involved
in the entire process of building the arch bridge.
The master carpenter
has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. His
young grandson's favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine.
Attracting over 1. 17 million fans on YouTube, Grandpa Amu's videos so far have
gained more than 200 million views.
His wonderful
woodworking skills, using the same mortise and tenon joints found in the Forbidden
City, were developed from the age of thirteen as a way of supporting his family
in East China's Shandong Provincc. "The grandson is so happy, as there have
been so many fine and unique toys made by grandpa from an early age, "commented
one netizen; while another said "It's amazing. I hope these traditional crafts
can be passed on!"
36．Why is Grandpa Amu regarded as the modern day Lu Ban
A．For his simple words. B．For his popular videos.
C．For his carpentry skills. D．For his excellent arch bridge.
37．What do Grandpa Amu's remarks mean in Paragraph 2
A．Theory is from practice. B．Success depends on love.
C．Excellent skills lie in hard work. D．Happiness comes from interest.
38．What is the unique feature of Grandpa Amu's craft works
A．No nails or glue. B．Delicate design.
C．The apple shape. D．The wooden material.
39．What message does this text mainly convey
A．Being popular means more fans.
B．Perfect skills earn more money.
C．Supporting family needs more skills.
D．Traditional crafts deserve passing on.
【答案】36．C
37．C
38．A
39．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国63岁的木匠王德文因其高超的木匠技术在网络走红。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Wang De wen, known as ‘Grandpa Amu’on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, a well-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich carpentry knowledge.”在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”的王德文，因其丰富的木工知识，被誉为当代的鲁班。可知，阿木爷爷王德文因为其丰富的木匠知识被称之为当代鲁班。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“If you do something, you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain.”做一件事，就要热爱它，就要对它感兴趣；然而，感兴趣并不意味着只有快乐就没有痛苦。可知，要做好一件事情喜欢和热爱是前提，但是想要做好一件事单凭兴趣是远远不够的。可推知，想要做好一件事，不仅需要兴趣爱好，还需要投入大量的时间和精力来练习。即精湛的技能需要反复地训练。故选C。
38．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique, which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.”阿木爷爷遵循中国古代的榫卯技术，也就是说，在建造拱桥的整个过程中，没有钉子和胶水的参与。可知，阿木爷爷的作品遵循中国古代的榫卯技术，没有使用钉子和胶水。故选A。
39．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's amazing. I hope these traditional crafts can be passed on!”太棒了。我希望这些传统工艺能够传承下去。可知，作者引用网友的评论想要表面这种精湛的传统木匠技术应该代代流传下去。即传统手工艺值得传承。故选D。