辽宁省部分市2022-2023高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含解析）考试试卷

辽宁省部分市
2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
辽宁省丹东市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The 4 Days Yangtze River Cruise (乘船游览)Tour covers cities along China's greatest, world's third longest river. To sail through the famous Three Gorges of the Yangtze is to feel its power and to explore its new dam, the Three Gorges Dam.
Itinerary (行程):
Day 1Beijing—Chongqing
After you arrive in Beijing, a TCT tour guide will transfer (使转乘)you to Chongqing. Your Chongqing tour guide will wait for you at the high-speed rail station and take you to enjoy hot pot before helping you transfer to Chaotianmen wharf and check in at the Victoria cruise, which sets sail at 9:00 p. m.
Day 2 Yangtze River Cruise
[08:30-13:00] Activities on board as you like. Or take an additional shore excursion (游览) to the White Emperor City with extra cost.
[13:15- 16:00]Sailing through Qutang Gorge & Scenic cruising of Wu Gorge. Three meals are served on board.
Day 3 Yichang—Shanghai
[08:15- 12:30] Disembark at Maoping cruise terminal and take a shore excursion to the Three Gorges Dam Site.
[16:00- 19:30] Fly to Shanghai.
Day 4 Shanghai
[8:30- 12:30] Visit the exterior of the Oriental Pearl Tower while walking on the Riverside Promenade.
[17:30- 18:30] Take the Maglev train to Pudong airport for return flight.
$13081177
Price includes:
◆ High-speed train as listed
◆ Private licensed English-speaking guide
◆ All attraction entrance fees as listed
◆ Meals mentioned in the itinerary
Book Now!
21. What is arranged for tourists immediately they arrive in Chongqing
A. Eating hot pot. B. Setting sail for Yichang.
C. Visiting the Oriental Pearl Tower. D. Checking in at the Victoria cruise.
22. How will tourists arrive in Shanghai
A. By bus. B. By air. C. By train. D. By boat.
23. Which of the following is included in the tour price
A. Train tickets to Chongqing. B. Tips to your private tour guide.
C. All the meals during the journey. D. Entrance tickets to the White Emperor City.
B
John Snow was an English physician. His father worked in a coal yard. Snow was the firstborn in the low-income family of nine children. At the age of 14, he had to quit school and get a medical apprenticeship(学徒期).
When visiting coal miners as an apprentice, Snow met with cholera—a disease which later became the focus of his scientific research. Snow began his formal medical education in 1836. In 1837, he began to work at the Westminster Hospital. The following year he was admitted as a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Six years later, he received a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of London. He was admitted to the Royal College of Physicians in1850.
Snow is famous for two of his studies. The first study concerned the Broad Street pump(水 泵)outbreak of 1854. He used graphs and maps to show the impact of the polluted water coming from the Broad Street pump. Snow reasoned that cholera was caused by a germ (细菌)that spread through polluted water, which diverged from the view held by other physicians that cholera was spread by bad air. The second study was the “Grand Experiment”, also of 1854. In 1849, he first published his ideas and observations in an essay, On the Mode of Communication of Cholera.
24. What can we know about John Snow from Paragraph 1
A. He was an English physicist.
B. He came from a poor family.
C. He was the youngest child in his family.
D. He used to be an apprentice in a coal yard.
25. When did he get a Doctor of Medicine degree
A. In 1838. B. In 1843. C. In 1844. D. In 1850.
26. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word
A. Disagreed. B. Distanced. C. Differed. D. Defended.
27. What is the topic of the last paragraph
A. John Snow's great impact. B. John Snow's famous essay.
C. John Snow's study method. D. John Snow's well-known research.
C
Hanfu, traditional Chinese costumes and a cultural carrier, has gained more attention from foreigners living in China.
“I can't believe I've been in China for three years and I've never tried on hanfu, ”Stephanie Stone, a reporter at China Daily, said in an interview she hosted. For her first hanfu experience, she went out and met Jongmay Urbonya, who is a US hanfu lover as well as a key internet opinion leader. Looking at all of the hanfu in a hanfu store, Urbonya said, “This is my dream for my future life and my life now. ”
As a foreigner wearing hanfu, Stone raised a question: If someone is not ethnically(种族) Chinese, would it be a little offensive(冒犯的)to Chinese people seeing her wear this symbolic Chinese-style costume
Elsbeth van Paridon of the Beijing Review expressed her thoughts on this question. According to her, Chinese people are tolerant and open to seeing foreigners wearing hanfu. They see it as a celebration of Chinese culture. As long as you don't claim(声称)Chinese culture as yours, you may wear it as frequently as you want.
“We have a very nice example of what happened this summer. So basically Dior, they came out with a new skirt. And then the skirt went viral(走红)on Chinese social media with internet users saying ‘Hey, hold your horses! This is not a Dior skirt. It's called a horse-face skirt', which dates back to the Song Dynasty(960- 1279), ”said van Paridon.
“You have to understand that emotional bond is key to the whole hanfu love, ”said Urbonya. “Although she does not have a Chinese face, every time she wore hanfu she would be praised by Chinese locals. ”
Hanfu has also become an art form, so a lot of people mix and match it with modern accessories(配饰). “The future of hanfu is looking for combination, ”said van Paridon.
28. What's Chinese attitude to foreigners' wearing hanfu according to van Paridon
A. Open-minded. B. Admirable. C. Indifferent. D. Interested.
29. What do the underlined words “hold your horses” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Catch the horses. B. Consider carefully.
C. Hurry up. D. Walk slowly.
30. What is the essential part of the whole hanfu love according to Urbonya
A. Modern decorations. B. Emotional connection.
C. Hanfu's going viral. D. Artistic quality.
31. What does the text mainly want to tell us
A. Hanfu has gained popularity globally.
B. All the foreigners like to wear hanfu.
C. Hanfu is a symbolic Chinese-style costume.
D. Foreigners wearing hanfu would be praised by Chinese locals.
D
Americans spend billions on vitamins, multivitamins for their health, but a review of numerous studies concluded there is little to no evidence that some of those vitamins prevent heart disease, cancer or death.
The report, released by the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force last week, concluded that “recent evidence is not enough” to determine whether vitamins actually help or hurt your health, based on 84 studies, 52 of which were done since 2014. Vitamins examined included vitamins A, B, C, D and E, as well as other multivitamins.
“Our suggestion is neither for nor against taking vitamins, or combinations of those nutrients (营养物质). We just don't have enough evidence, ”said Dr. John Wong, a doctor in the Department of Medicine at Tufts Medical Center who was involved in the report.
While the finding is that vitamins don't have any benefits to “healthy, non-pregnant (未怀 孕的)adults", it doesn't apply to “children, people who are pregnant or may become pregnant, or people who are hospitalized. ”
The Task Force admitted it makes sense that people would take vitamins in hopes of health benefits, as some shortage may lead to illness. But experts agreed the best way to get good health and prevent cancer is a balanced diet and regular physical activity.
“The suggestion across all organizations about vitamins is to eat a balanced diet, and then the key tends to be on plenty of fruit and vegetables and less junk foods, ”Wong said.
Wong added people should refer to their health doctors to determine if any vitamins are worth taking. He said this suggestion should also serve as a need to further research into proving the official benefits and risks for each vitamin.
32. Why can't we say whether vitamins really benefit or harm health
A. Because they really have no benefit.
B. Because many studies have proved it.
C. Because evidence is not enough at present.
D. Because Dr. John Wong wasn't involved in the research.
33. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. Vitamins are of no benefit to anyone.
B. Vitamins are beneficial to healthy adults.
C. Children can't take vitamins though they are in hospital.
D. People could take vitamins if lack of vitamin may tend to illness.
34. Which is the best way to avoid cancer according to the Task Force
A. Taking enough vitamins.
B. Eating more packaged foods.
C. Following their health doctor's advice.
D. Having a balanced diet and doing exercise.
35. Which can be suitable title for the text
A. Taking Vitamins: No Benefit to People
B. Doctor's Advice on Buying Vitamins
C. Taking Vitamins: Likely to Waste Money
D. Americans Spending More Money on Vitamins
辽宁省锦州市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Morocco Family Journey
Discover the magic of Morocco on a seven-day journey that takes your family group from markets to the desert. Meet musicians and storytellers absorbed in Amazigh heritage（遗产）, and try your hand at cooking up colourful local dishes. Hike past amazing rock formations, walk windswept sands, and uncover ancient secrets.
WHAT’S INCLUDED ● Accommodations: Hotels (8 nights); 8 breakfasts, 3 lunches, 4 dinners ● Transport: Private air-con coach, 4×4 vehicle ● Journey Highlights: Sahara trips and cultural explorations in Merzouga, the tour of Atlas Film Studios in Ouarzazate ● Five-star travel directors ● Walk in Jemaa el-Fna Square ● Free time to explore Marrakech ● All transport to and from included activities WHAT’S NOT INCLUDED ● Visas ● Flights to and from Morocco ● Basic medical and emergency insurance（保险）. You will not be permitted to travel with our agency until you have provided evidence of enough travel insurance. ● Trip cancellation insurance or any other travel insurance ● Meals on your own ● Any activity not described in WHAT’S INCLUDED
Emergency Fund Please make sure you have access to at least an additional USD $200 or the equivalent（等价物）as an emergency fund, to be used when situations outside our control require a change in our planned route. This is a rare occurrence!
Requirements Family journeys are designed for groups traveling with kids between the ages of 7 and 17. Your group must include a kid to book, and anyone under the age of 18 must attend it with an adult.
21. Where can visitors experience Film Studios
A. In Marrakech. B. In Ouarzazate. C. In Merzouga. D. In Jemaa el-Fna Square.
22. Which of the following needs an extra charge
A. Breakfast. B. Travel directors. C. Insurance. D. Accommodation.
23. What is required for a group to join the journey
A. Having at least a child and an adult. B. Shopping during the journey.
C. Being in good physical condition. D. Buying insurance through the agency.
B
A librarian, whose name is Raden Roro Hendarti in Indonesia’s Java island, is lending books to children in exchange for trash（垃圾）they collect in a special way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.
Each weekday Raden Roro Hendarti fills up her three-wheeler with books, and then she rides it to Muntang village. There she exchanges books with the children for plastic cups, bass and other waste that she carries back. She told Reuters she is helping develop reading in the kids as well make them aware of the environment. As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and exchange for the books.
They are all carrying trash bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result. “Let us build a culture of reading from young age to mitigate the harm of the online world,” Raden said.
She collects about 100 kg of waste each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues and sent for recycling or sold. She has 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighbouring areas as well. She hopes that more and more people can do something to help protect the environment.
24. Why is Raden lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect
A. To collect trash and fight against climate change.
B. To teach children to save the earth by reading books.
C. To protect the environment and help children read more.
D. To introduce her books on protecting the earth to children.
25. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Replace. B. Prevent. C. Destroy. D. Reduce.
26. Which of the following word can best describe Raden
A. Curious. B. Responsible. C. Hard-working. D. Positive.
27. From the text we can know that ______.
A. the service is popular only among adults
B. Raden exchanges books two days a week
C. Raden may take the service to neighbouring areas
D. the waste will be sorted out after recycling or sold
C
Chinese researchers have found that the knife fish in the Yangtze River, once endangered by overfishing, is recovering thanks to a fishing ban（禁令）.
Monitoring data from different sections of the Yangtze shows that knife fish resources have been continuously recovering since 2019 when measures were taken to protect the fish, said Yang Jian, researcher with the Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences.
The knife fish was known as “the first delicacy in the Yangtze,” and its population saw a sharp decrease due to overfishing and damage of its natural habitat（栖息地）. China banned the productive fishing of this species in 2019 and a 10-year fishing ban took effect in the Yangtze in 2021.
Since 2014, Yang Jian and his team have been monitoring a part of the Yangtze-connected Poyang Lake, an area for the knife fish to lay eggs. Yang said that from 2019 to 2021, the average number of knife fish caught by every observation unit in the area is 67 times that recorded during the period from 2014 to 2018.
The average length and weight of knife fish collected in 2021 was 27.2 cm and 91.4 grams respectively, an average increase of 41 percent and 37.55 percent compared to those collected from 2019 to 2020.
Yang Jian added that areas inhabited by knife fish have been increasing along the Yangtze, and the species was recently found in places such as Dongting Lake and the Ganjiang River where there had been no trace of the fish for more than ten years.
28. What can we learn from the discovery of the researchers
A. The number of the knife fish is increasing.
B. China did very little to protect the knife fish.
C. China passed a ban forbidding feeding the knife fish.
D. Researchers only monitor the same section of the Yangtze River.
29. What caused the decrease of the knife fish according to the passage
A. The globe is getting much warmer. B. The knife fish lay less eggs than before.
C. There is less water in the Yangtze River. D. Overfishing and destruction of its habitat.
30. What was the average weight of the knife fish collected from 2019 to 2020
A. About 34 grams. B. About 57 grams. C. About 66 grams. D. About 125 grams.
31. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A medical report. B. A newspaper. C. A biology textbook. D. A fashion magazine.
D
You want to lose some weight by exercising and eating healthy, only to find when you step on the scale（秤）it says you’ve gained a few pounds. “That’s normal, and it doesn’t mean that your workouts are not effective”, says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida.
“A person’s scaled mass（质量）is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs” he says. “Immediately after a workout routine（惯例）, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you’re gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it’s probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.”
The scale can’t tell you how much of your body weight is muscle or fat, which means if your goal is to improve your fitness level, the scale is not the best tool for measuring improvements. When you start to change your body composition with your workouts—by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat—your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease. These changes happen over weeks and months (not hours or days) so the scale is useless when tracking them.
You may argue that you weigh a few pounds less after a high intensity（强度）training class. Don’t get too excited—it’s just water loss due to sweat. Water makes up about 65 to 90 percent of a person’s weight, and change in water content of the human body can move the scale by ten pounds or more from day to day.
So ignore the scale and pay more attention to objective measurement tools like body composition. Keep in mind that if you’re exercising but gaining weight, you may actually look slimmer.
32. What can we know from Dolgan’s words from paragraph 2
A. Your scale mass is affected by many factors.
B. Your weight changes very little during a day.
C. Your workout is not effective if you gain weight.
D. Your weight is determined only by muscle and fat.
33. What will most probably happen after you exercise and eat healthy for 3 months
A. You will weigh more. B. Your muscle mass will decrease.
C. Your body fat will increase. D. Your body composition will change.
34. Why do people lose some weight after a high intention training class
A. Because their fat reduces. B. Because they sweat a lot.
C. Because their muscle reduces. D. Because their bones become lighter.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Why Do We Gain Weight B. How to Work Out Effectively
C. What is the Composition of Our Body D. Why Does My Workout Cause Weight Gain
辽宁省鞍山市普通高中2022-2023学年高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The best paintings simply take your breath away. Here are some famous paintings you might be interested in.
Our Daily Bread
It was painted in 1886 by Anders Leonard Zorn from Sweden, which depicts (描绘) his mother cooking potatoes for the harvesters. The painting is from his private collection and honors his mother. He was in his mid-20s when he painted it to show how his mother tried hard to support him and the big family. The painting was later bought by National Museum in Stockholm.
Glow of Hope
It is also referred to as Woman with the Lamp. It’s a work of art by S. L. Haldankar. This painting was produced in 1945-46. Haldankar had the idea of painting it at an Indian festival Diwali, the festival of lights, when he saw his daughter in a beautiful Indian dress with a candle in one hand and her other hand protecting the flame from the wind.
Dog Lying in the Snow
This popular work was created in 1911 by a Germany-based artist, Franz Marc. The painting features Marc’s own Siberian Shepherd named Russi. The dog was lying comfortably in the white snow in January, near the village where he lived. The scene shows a creature in harmony with nature.
Portrait of Mari Clasen
It is one of the most famous oil paintings in the world. The Drammen Norway-based artist Halfdan Johnsen Egedius painted it in 1895. He described the beauty of the Norwegian folk costume-bunad, worn by Mari Clasen, a pretty young woman from South Central Norway. The painting speaks a lot about the beauty and traditions of the country.
1. Why did Anders Leonard Zorn create Our Daily Bread
A. To praise the local harvesters.
B. To describe people’s daily life in Sweden.
C. To express his thanks to his mom for her hard work.
D. To show the relationship between him and his mother.
2. What was Haldankar’s painting Glow of Hope inspired by
A. His adventure in an Indian village.
B. A beautiful Indian dress he bought.
C. A scene of his daughter at an Indian festival.
D. The candle business during an Indian festival.
3. Which painting would you prefer if you’re interested in Norwegian culture
A. Glow of Hope.
B. Our Daily Bread.
C. Dog Lying in the Snow.
D. Portrait of Mari Clasen.
B
I was living in Delta in 2015. There was a man, Boniface, who owned a store which I’d often visited. Gradually we became friends. One day, we talked about the business opportunities in our country at that time, and during the communication, I found the most practical one was starting a barrow (手推车)rental business. Then we talked more on it, and both of us thought there was a strong possibility of succeeding. So we went into the business.
We started as a small business with 6 barrows. The barrow-men gave us 51 cents per day for renting the barrows. It seemed small but later grew and made our life better. But we didn’t stop there. That was because when we first started our business, our aim wasn’t only to make money. The most valuable thing for us is to touch others’ lives positively.
In Nigeria, being a barrow pusher is not a very attractive job. But for people who were poor farmers or young people without jobs, wheelbarrow pushing helps them make a living. It doesn’t require much skill. With hard work and vigor, a person can make money daily.
We saw the meaning of this business and then decided to spend money and resources on rebranding (重塑…的形象) barrows. We gave each barrow-man a branded T-shirt to show they belonged to a good brand. We also held small classes for them to educate them on how to make their barrows better transporters and how to be extra polite to people so as to build up a good fame. We marketed them as polite and excellent pushers to attract more customers. These methods worked. They started getting more jobs and earned more. And a number of them even saved up enough to start businesses of their own.
Today, that little business made us millionaires while hiring over 20 people and touching their lives positively. Over 20 families are fed because two Nigerians decided, despite all the difficulties, to do something.
4. What made the author start the barrow rental business
A. Losing his job.
B. His discussion with a friend.
C. His family’s suggestion.
D. Being short of money.
5. Which of the following did the author consider most important in running the business
A. Hiring more workers.
B. Improving people’s lives.
C. Cutting the company’s costs.
D. Making customers touched.
6. What does the underlined word “vigor” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Energy.
B. Praise.
C. Creativity.
D. Education.
7. What did the author and his friend do to rebrand the business
A. They sent the barrow-men to school.
B. They lent money to the barrow-men.
C. They taught the barrow-men to make clothes.
D. They turned the barrow-men into professional pushers.
C
The Banaue Rice Terraces (梯田) in Ifugao Province in the Philippines offer a great sight. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is also rich in history and features how human creativity can produce amazing outcomes. Through hard work, the Ifugao native managed to survive by flattening the mountain’s surface layer by layer and using them as farmlands. This practice of more than two thousand years has put together a well-known wonder.
There are several rice terraces in the Ifugao region but the Banaue Rice Terraces are the most popular tourist spot. The photos of this area are often used in printed materials like textbooks magazines and postcards. After getting a good look at the rice terraces, I was reminded of the first time that I saw their pictures in our textbook during my elementary days. I already found them amusing as a kid and seeing their beauty as an adult got me more amazed.
The tourism officer told us that we were lucky to catch them in their greenest form. If you plan to visit this tourist spot as well, you should take note that we got there last June 1. You can also take into consideration that the rice planting cycle is typically 3 to 6 months.
Unlike the other terraces, the local government created a platform that makes it easy for everyone to get a closer look at the rice terraces. The platform has four stone statues that they refer to as rice protectors.
It’s sad that the younger generation of Ifugaos are slowly abandoning the rice terraces. According to tour guide Alvin, the part of the rice terraces where people can see thick bushes and trees were former rice fields. But the children who inherited (继承) those decided to give up farming and work in big cities instead. I hope that a new farming method with modern equipment will encourage the Ifugaos to continue their rice terraces farming tradition to protect this cultural treasure.
8. What can be learned about the Banaue RiceTerraces
A. They are most known for their history.
B. They were made to mainly draw tourists.
C. The locals created them with great wisdom and effort.
D. Many mountains and lakes were turned into farmlands.
9. Why does the author mention his childhood experience
A. To show the Banaue Rice Terraces are really attractive.
B. To show Ifugao Province is heavily dependent on tourism.
C. To show the Banaue Rice Terraces are more suitable for kids to visit.
D. To show advertisements for the Banaue Rice Terraces spread rapidly.
10. What is Paragraph 3 intended to do
A. Tell us some facts about rice planting.
B. Encourage more people to go to Ifugao.
C. Raise public awareness of local traditions.
D. Share the proper time to visit the Banaue Rice Terraces.
11. How does the author feel about the future of the Banaue Rice Terraces
A. Worried.
B. Positive.
C. Confused.
D. Curious.
D
While family fun is often connected with new and exciting activities, family leisure (休闲) spent at home may be a better way to find happiness, according to a study. “That may be because when the brain is focused on new information, such as taking part in an unfamiliar activity with unfamiliar people in a new location, less ‘brain power’ is left to focus on the family relationships,” said lead author Karen Melton.
While research results suggest that all quality time together helps to lead to satisfaction with family life, “all family leisure is not equal,” she said. “The best predictor (预示物) of happiness for families may be spending quality time together in familiar activities inside the home. And that’s great news for families who have little time or few resources.”
For the study, researchers followed 1, 502 people in 884 families in the United Kingdom. Each family taking part in the online research had at least one child between the ages of 11 and 15. They answered questions about whether they took part in family leisure in the past year and if so, what activities (from 16 types) they did, how much time they spent doing them and how frequently they did so.
The study showed that the expression “The family that plays together stays together!” is not always true. “Family members can also express stress and anger as well as pleasure during leisure time.” Melton said. “The activities alone will not heal the wounds of hurting families.”
Melton noted that some studies support the idea that eating together is one of the best predictors of happiness for families, while watching TV is seen as less helpful for people’s happiness. But families should question one-size-fits-all ideas. “For some families, quality togetherness is having dinner together or playing games; for others, it may be hobbies, videos, TV or music,” Melton said. “At the end of the day, what matters is that we are social beings who want to belong to a group and have close relationships.”
12. According to the study, which activity may bring the most happiness to a family
A. Watching a movie at home.
B. Traveling to another city.
C. Climbing a mountain with strangers.
D. Attending a community event with neighbors.
13. What do Karen Melton’s words in Paragraph 4 suggest
A. Family members always argue with each other.
B. Family members sometimes need some time alone.
C. Family leisure makes it hard to share your true feelings.
D. Family leisure can include sharing positive and negative feelings.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Happy families often take part in creative activities.
B. It is important that family members have common interests.
C. Different families have different ways to spend quality time.
D. It is hard for some families to find the perfect family leisure.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Family leisure can do good to your health.
B. Fun at home makes your family happier.
C. How to organize good family activities at home
D. Why should we spend more time with loved ones
辽宁省葫芦岛市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
London, with countless famous sites and all manner of food, drink, shopping, history, and culture, is definitely a wonderful city to visit.
Time Zone
Greenwich Mean Time during the winter, British Summer Time during the rest of the year (starting at Daylight Saving Time).
Best Time to Go
The best time to visit London overall is in spring, when the temperatures have warmed up, the sun has started to shine and London’s gardens and parks are looking their best. However, the reality is that the best time to travel to London depends a lot on what you’re looking for. If you’re all about taking a look inside Queen Liz’s palace, you’d better make it in summer, while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.
Things to Know
Londoners, and English people in general, have a much different manner of interacting with one another than Americans do while an American might think nothing of smiling at a stranger they pass on the sidewalk or asking about work in the first few minutes of a conversation, Londoners might consider it impolite or strange. Don’t mistake this for unfriendliness ;it’s just a cultural difference. Instead, talk about things like movies, TV shows, books, your travels, and the like, instead of work or family.
How to Get Around
Getting around London is unbelievably easy thanks to the well-maintained and extensive Underground. The Underground, unlike American transportation systems which often pay per ride or pay per length of trip, are paid in zones. Fare also varies based on time of day and the method you use to pay. It’s worth getting an Oyster card to make your life that much simpler.
1. Where is this text most probably taken from
A. A survey. B. A travel journal. C. A research paper. D. A guidebook.
2. When is the best time to visit London for people who enjoy a lively atmosphere
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
3. Which of the following is a suitable topic for starting a conversation with Londoners
A. Daily entertainments. B. Future plans.
C. Personal relationships. D. Annual incomes.
B
Most 5-year-olds are just learning their ABCs but one little girl from the UK has actually written a book that was published in January 2022. Bella-Jay Dark from Weymouth, is the world’s youngest female to be published and was awarded the title by Guinness World Re-cords. Her book, The Lost Cat tells the story of Snowy, a cat who got lost after going outside alone at night. She hopes the book will teach children not to go outside at night alone.
While many adult writers find inspiration for their books from life experiences, Bella’s creative vision actually came from one of her drawings. “It started off as a picture. My daddy said I could make a book and a story came from the picture,” Bella said.
Her mom, Chelsie Syme, was surprised that the book turned out as well as it did. “I am just really proud of her; I did not think it was going to go this far, so I’m just proud and want to see her get the acknowledgement she deserves.”
But how do you get a child’s homemade book published According to Syme, they took Bella’s book to a book fair and found a publisher willing to take a chance on it. Syme helped Bella with proofing copies and making necessary changes. To earn the Guinness World Record title of The World’s Youngest Published Author, female, the book has to be published by a commercial publishing house and have at least 1,000 copies printed and sold. Bella’s book met the criteria, so she was awarded the title.
Besides being an accomplished author, Bella is just a regular kid who enjoys reading, swimming, and playing on her tablet. In her free time, she is currently working on a sequel(续篇)to Snowy’s story. Who knows what pearls of wisdom will come next
4 Who is Snowy
A. Bella’s pet. B. A lost child.
C. A cat in Bella’s work. D. A talented female writer.
5. What gives Bella a brainwave to generate the idea of her book
A. Her life experiences. B. A picture she painted.
C. Her interest in animals. D. A story from a book.
6. What can we know about Bella from the text
A. Her father is a painter.
B. Her mother is strict with her.
C. She wants to help children with her book.
D. She pays much attention to protecting animals.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The World’s Youngest Author
B. The Smallest Female Publisher
C. A 5-year-old Girl’s Book—The Lost Cat
D. A Pet Cat——Snowy
C
You may have noticed sudden, brief twitching (抽动) at some point while your dog was sleeping and wondered if he was dreaming or even expressing some type of discomfort.
These involuntary movements only occur during dream states and usually don’t last long. So is twitching just a normal part of dreaming, or are there times when you should worry
Dogs sleep an average of 12-14 hours each day. While they sleep, a dog’s brain processes information and experiences from the day through dreams. Twitching is often related to active dream cycles in the brain.
According to research by psychologist Stanley Coren, an average-size dog will dream about every 20 minutes, and these dreams will last about a minute. Larger breeds have fewer dreams that last longer—about every 45 minutes for 4 minutes. The opposite is true for smaller breed dogs; they will dream about every 10 minutes for up to 30 seconds.
Dogs experience the same dream stages as humans including non-rapid eye movement (NREM), short-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM). During the REM state, a dog’s eyes move around behind their closed eyelids, and the large body muscles are turned off so the dream is not physically acted out. The amount of twitching depends on how much these off switches cramp (阻碍) muscle movement.
If your dog sleeps next to you, he may unintentionally disturb your sleep with his sudden body movements. However, it is often advised not to awaken a dog that is twitching in his sleep unless he is clearly uncomfortable.
A bad dream or night terror could be the cause of these involuntary movements, and they may wake up frightened. Try to avoid touching them so they don’t bite you as a result of being shocked and panicked. Instead, gently call your dog’s name until they respond. Speak calmly and tell them that they are safe and secure after they wake up. While they appear to be pretty active in their sleep, dreaming dogs may be slow to awaken.
8. Which of the following influences how often dogs dream
A. Their sleeping time. B. Their body size.
C. Their daily experiences. D. Their health conditions.
9. What does the underlined word “involuntary” mean in paragraph 2
A. willing. B. careless. C. unintentional. D. delighted.
10. Why is it advised not to wake up a dog twitching in sleep
A. To avoid being bitten by the dog. B. To ensure the dog adequate sleep.
C. To prevent the dog getting shocked. D. To escape disturbance from the dog.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. How dogs’ brain works.
B. Why dogs dream at night.
C. Why dogs twitch in their sleep.
D. How dogs’ twitch affects their sleep.
D
Pinochio may be just a children’s story, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don’t grow longer when we tell a lie, but actually get a little bit smaller.
Dr. Gomez Milan and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermal (热成像的) cameras to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of their nose dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. They also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to become slightly smaller, although the difference could not be seen by the human eye. “One has to think in order to lie, which raises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gomez Milan explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal cameras. One of these tasks involved making a 3-to-4-minute call to their parents, partners or friends and telling an important lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this “opposite Pinochio effect” caused by the changes in temperature in the nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test participants, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector used by the police. “With this method we have increased accuracy (精确) and reduce the chances of ‘false positives’, something that is frequent with other methods,” said Dr. Gomez Milan, who added that police could one day combine other lie detection technology with their technology to achieve better results.
12. Why did the temperature of the participants’ foreheads go up during the test
A. They felt ashamed. B. They got embarrassed.
C. They were scared. D. They had to think hard.
13. What phenomenon does the “opposite Pinocchio effect” refer to
A. The nose becomes smaller. B. The nose gets longer.
C. The temperature gets higher. D. The temperature remains the same.
14. What can we learn about the research
A. The thermal lie detector may assist the police.
B. The thermal lie detector has proven a popular one.
C. Researchers conducted the study by interviewing.
D. Researchers designed different lies for participants.
15. Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph
A. “False positive” can be reduced by using cameras.
B. The thermal lie detector is more accurate than other detectors.
C. The temperature difference can’t be identified by modern lie detectors.
D. Thermal imaging has been combined with other lie detection technology.
辽宁省营口市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Four Great Restaurants in Bologna, Italy
If you’re looking for a restaurant in Bologna, don’t miss out on our picks of the best places to eat in the city.
Sfoglia Rina
Tradition and innovation are all on the menu at Sfoglia Rina, along-standing family restaurant near Bologna’s famous Two Towers. Rina was started as a fresh pasta (意大利面食) shop back in the 1960s, and the pasta is all still handmade. Ingredients are carefully and sustainably sourced, and pasta-making classes are periodically offered for kids and adults.
Via Castiglione, 5/b, 40124 Bologna
Zerocinquantino
Aperitivo is typically a pre-dinner snack and drink, but at Zerocinquantino, you may make it a meal as many people in Bologna do. Baskets of local bread are served with the region’s famous meat and cheeses, and a long list of wines is available in glasses and bottles. The service is fast, and the atmosphere is young and modem.
Via Pescherie Vecchie, 3/E, 40124 Bologna
Trattoria Da Vito
It’s a legendary gathering place for Bologna*s artists and educated people. The inside hasn’t been updated since Vito left the building long before; the menu hasn’t changed. Meals are traditional and extremely cheap, with nothing priced over ? 10.
Via Mario Musolesi, 9a, 40138 Bologna
Drogheria della Rosa
With tables spreading out under Bologna’s medieval porticos (中世纪门廊), Drogheria della Rosa is a favorite for the best atmosphere in Bologna. Fortunately, that atmosphere is matched by excellent food and service, both provided by the chef and owner Emanuele Addone, who personally visits each table. The menu is a mix of traditional Bolognese food and dishes from around Italy, so you’re sure to find something you like as long as you have enough money.
Via Cartoleria, 10b, 40124 Bologna
1. What can we know about Sfoglia Rina
A. It is famous for its snacks and drinks.
B. It has a history of about sixty years.
C. It becomes a must for educated people.
D. It is the best-preserved Italian restaurant.
2. Which of the following places provides some authentic but inexpensive Italian meals
A. Via Castiglione, 5/b, 40124 Bologna
B. Via Cartoleria, 10b, 40124 Bologna
C. Via Mario Musolesi, 9a, 40138 Bologna
D. Via Pescherie Vecchie, 3/E, 40124 Bologna
3. What can customers do at Drogheria della Rosa
A. Communicate with the chef.
B. Take some dish-making classes.
C. Talk about art with famous artists.
D Appreciate modem decorating styles.
B
One of the most inspiring features of our mom is her ability to face adversity and not to get defeated. She always emerges with a renewed spirit and a sense of hope. Her attitude to unfortunate events is typically met with: “Hey, nobody died; nobody has cancer; we’ll get through this, too!” But by far, our mother’s most widely used motto is: ”Count your blessings !”
In 2003, our mother fell ill and had to have surgery. When the doctor told the unthinkable diagnosis to my family while Mom was in recovery - a kind of cancer - my sister called me and said, “Should we tell her “
As it turned out, we didn’t have to say a word. Mom knew it even before she was told, and she soothed us when we should have been making her less worried. “Hey, let’s count our blessings; the doctor got it all and I’m not dead yet. Let’s have some faith.”
As usual, our wise mother was right. She survived not only the cancer, but five years later, she recovered from another round of cancer - colorectal cancer. She never needed chemo or radiation (化疗或放疗) because surprisingly both cancers were not getting worse and surgically (手术) removed. She has been cancer-free for nearly two years and counting.
“Faith - that’s all you need,” my mom said firmly as she tapped the table. “Feeling sorry for yourself doesn’t help anything or solve the problem. Pity just adds to your problems. Spend your time counting your blessings instead. You’ll see just how well off you really are. That’s my motto.”
Counting blessings is not just a motto drilled into our heads by our mom. It has become a way of life for all of us. So much so that when I count my blessings, my wise mother is always near the top of the list.
4. What does the underlined word “soothed“ in paragraph 3 mean
A. Cheated B. Surprised C. Calmed D. Persuaded
5. What can we know about the author’s mother
A. She led her life with gratefulness.
B. She was heavily hit by the bad news.
C. She took her health condition seriously.
D. She recovered without receiving treatment.
6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s mother
A. Traditional and strict.
B. Gifted and serious.
C. Strong and positive.
D. Considerate and generous.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. My mother’s glory days B. My mother - living by faith
C. My mother’s struggling days D. My mother - never complaining
C
A new study from the University of Southampton has shown that glass bottles are more than four times as environmentally damaging as plastic bottles. The researchers explained that the production of glass bottles involves much greater amounts of energy and natural resources.
Most current research focuses on the impact of plastic, which also requires a lot of energy to mass-produce, and breaks down into smaller particles (微粒) that are affecting natural environments worldwide. However, according to the new study, glass bottles’ total environmental impacts are much bigger than plastic bottles, when certain factors are accounted for, such as their contribution to climate change through overmuch energy use.
“A large amount of energy is needed to heat the raw materials to make glass,“ explained study co-author and postgraduate researcher Alice Brock. ”During the melting of the raw materials for glass, gas pollutants such as SO2 and CO2 can be released,5, said Brock. “And since glass requires materials to be mined for its production — silica sand, soda ash and dolomite — these have all the associated environmental impacts on mining such as land degradation (退化) and dust from the mines reaching water sources.” According to Brock, silica sand mining can also cause silicosis, a disease caused by tiny silica particles reaching lungs, so there is also a considerable impact on human health.
The major advantage of glass over plastic is that it is more durable (耐用 的).A glass bottle can be reused between 12 and 20 times. Unfortunately, glass bottles are often thrown away after a single use. “I think the meaning of this new study is that we really have to move to use bottles and cans more than once. Just recycling isn’t enough, said Brock, “We need to change our mindset and move to things like refilling bottles, bottle return plans and the like if we are going to cut these environmental impacts.”
8. What is the most current research mainly about
A. The total energy consumption of making plastic.
B. The detailed production process of plastic.
C. Plastic’s popularization in people’s daily life.
D. Plastic’s negative impacts on the environment.
9. Why is the mining of raw materials mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To show its damage to the environment and people’s health.
B. To stress the importance of the quality of raw materials.
C. To warn people to reduce the frequency of mining.
D. To indicate the complex process of making glass.
10 What’s Alice Brock’s suggestion based on the new study
A. Improving the technology of treating used bottles.
B. Finding alternatives to the raw materials for glass.
C. Reusing glass bottles as much as possible.
D. Replacing glass bottles with plastic ones.
11. Which section of a magazine does the text probably come from
A. Economy. B. Geography. C. Healthcare. D. Environment.
D
You can find just about any skill you want to learn on the Internet. Steve Jobs’s appealing presentation style, Steph Curry’s jump shot, Michael Jackson’s moonwalk - all of these are easily accessible. Clearly, instructional videos, how-to guides, and online tutorials (教程)have changed the way we learn.
But have they Watching experts’ performances might make you feel that you could similarly perform the same skills. But new evidence suggests that learning by observation may sometimes make a great difference. Observers may feel confident that they’re well prepared to try the task out themselves, but when they do, they’ll find that’s a different matter.
Researchers have conducted an experiment involving the moonwalk. One hundred participants watched an expert doing the moonwalk. They were randomly assigned to see a moonwalk video either once or 20 times continuously. They made predictions about their own moonwalk abilities and then attempted the moonwalk themselves. A video recorded their moonwalks and later their attempts were shown to an outside group of judges, who were blind to the number of times performers watched the training video. As a result, participants who watched 20 times and participants who watched once both predicted their scores, and the scores predicted by the first group were higher. But the judges gave similarly low ratings to both groups of participants.
Actually, when people watch videos, they see the performer’s technique, but they don’t feel it themselves. It is one thing to memorize what steps to take, but another thing to experience how those steps are worked out. People often miss subtleties (细小但重要的 地方)while watching, and people are likely to underestimate the complexity of the skill, and overestimate their own abilities, after watching experts.
We’re not saying that YouTube’s tens of millions of instructional videos are useless. People get more out of watching after they have already attempted the skill, so try the skill yourself and then revisit your favorite how-to videos often to improve your technique. Learning skills takes time.
12. What does the new evidence suggest
A. Online tutorials do change the way people learn.
B. Observers perform as well as experts.
C. Learning by observation is not difficult to achieve.
D. Observing and learning are two different things.
13. What did the researchers do in order to do the study
A. They explained the moonwalk to participants.
B. They let participants watch videos after breaks.
C. They prepared different videos for participants.
D. They let different people watch a video for different times.
14. What can we conclude from the moonwalk experiment in Paragraph 3
A. Watching experts more raises one’s confidence rather than ability.
B. The participants5 predictions are the same as the judges, scoring.
C. The number of times participants watch training videos matters to them.
D. Watching instructional videos increases observers, interest in the related area.
15. What may the author advise learners to do
A. Compare the instructional videos from different platforms.
B. Combine instructional videos with repeated practice.
C. Watch instructional videos as much as possible.
D. Be patient and concentrated while learning.
答案：
辽宁省丹东市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
21-23: ABA 24-27: BCCD 28-31: ABBA 32-35: CDDC
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长江四日游的基本情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 1 Beijing-Chongqing部分“Your Chongqing tour guide will wait for you at the high-speed rail station and take you to enjoy hot pot before helping you transfer to Chaotianmen wharf and check in at the Victoria cruise, which sets sail at 9:00 p.m.(你的重庆导游将在高铁站等你，带你吃火锅，然后帮你换乘到朝天门码头，并在晚上9点启航的维多利亚号游轮上登记。)”可知游客一到达重庆后就会被安排去吃火锅。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Day 3 Yichang-Shanghai部分的“[16:00-19:30] Fly to Shanghai.(16:00-19:30飞往上海)可知，游客将乘飞机去上海。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Price includes部分的“◆High-speed train as listed◆Private licensed English-speaking guide◆All attraction entrance fees as listed◆Meals mentioned in the itinerary(◆列出的高铁◆私人授权英语导游◆所有景点门票见表◆行程中提及的餐点)可知，费用里面只包括行程中提到的餐点，同时也不包括给私人导游的小费，所以B项和C项均不对；依据Day 2 Yangtze River Cruise部分的“[08:30-13:00]Activities on board as you like. Or take an additional shore excursion (游览) to the White Emperor City with extra cost. ([08:30-13:00]船上活动随你便。或者选择额外的海岸游览到白帝城，需要额外的费用。)”可知要去游览白帝城需另外支付费用，所以D项不包括在内；根据Day 1 Beijing-Chongqing部分的“After you arrive in Beijing, a TCT tour guide will transfer (使转乘) you to Chongqing.(抵达北京后，由TCT导游送您前往重庆。)”可知前往重庆的火车票费用包括在内。故选A项。
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了医生John Snow的生平以及他较为著名的两项研究。
24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段话“Snow was the firstborn in the low-income family of nine children. (斯诺是这个有9个孩子的低收入家庭的长子。)”可知，Snow家里条件不是很好。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段话“In 1837, he began to work at the Westminster Hospital. The following year he was admitted as a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Six years later, he received a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of London. (1837年，他开始在威斯敏斯特医院工作。第二年，他被接纳为英国皇家外科学院的成员。六年后，他获得伦敦大学医学博士学位。)”可知，六年后，也就是1837+1+6=1844，故选C项。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段话“Snow reasoned that cholera was caused by a germ (细菌) that spread through polluted water, which diverged from the view held by other physicians that cholera was spread by bad air. (斯诺推断霍乱是由一种通过受污染的水传播的细菌引起的，这与其他医生认为霍乱是由不良空气传播的观点______。)”可知，斯诺认为水污染是细菌引起的，其他一剩认为是空气传播，很明显这两个观点不一致。differ意为“不同于，持不同意见”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段话“Snow is famous for two of his studies. (斯诺以他两项研究而闻名。)”可知，此句是本段话的中心句，最后一段话主要讲了Snow两个出名的研究。故选D项。
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，本文主要介绍中国的汉服越来越受到外国人的关注。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to her, Chinese people are tolerant and open to seeing foreigners wearing hanfu.(在她看来，中国人对外国人穿汉服持宽容和开放的态度)”可知，van Paridon认为，中国人对外国人穿汉服持开放态度。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中画线部分下文“This is not a Dior skirt. It’s called a horse-face skirt’, which dates back to the Song Dynasty(这不是迪奥的裙子。这种裙子叫做马面裙，可以追溯到宋朝)”可知，迪奥推出的裙子其实是属于中国的服饰，故可推知hold your horses意为“请仔细考虑”，即：仔细考虑一下，这不是迪奥的裙子，而是中国宋朝时期的马面裙，故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘You have to understand that emotional bond is key to the whole hanfu love,’ said Urbonya.(‘你必须明白，情感纽带是整个汉服热爱的关键，’Urbonya说)”可知，Urbonya认为情感纽带是整个汉服热爱的关键，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Hanfu, traditional Chinese costumes and a cultural carrier, has gained more attention from foreigners living in China.(汉服作为中国传统服饰和文化载体，越来越受到生活在中国的外国人的关注)”可知，本文主要介绍中国的汉服越来越受到外国人的关注，故选A。
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国专家研究表明补充维生素可能并没有像人们认为的那样有益处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Our suggestion is neither for nor against taking vitamins, or combinations of those nutrients (营养物质). We just don’t have enough evidence.”（我们的建议既不支持也不反对服用维生素或这些营养物质的组合。我们只是没有足够的证据。）可知，目前不知道维生素对健康有益还是有害是因为证据不足。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“The Task Force admitted it makes sense that people would take vitamins in hopes of health benefits, as some shortage may lead to illness.”（工作组承认，人们服用维生素希望获得健康益处是有道理的，因为一些短缺可能会导致疾病。）可知，某些维生素缺乏可能导致疾病。由此可知，如果缺乏维生素容易生病，人们可以服用维生素。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“But experts agreed the best way to get good health and prevent cancer is a balanced diet and regular physical activity.”（但专家们一致认为，获得健康和预防癌症的最佳方法是均衡饮食和定期体育锻炼。）可知，专家认为，预防癌症的最佳方法是均衡饮食和定期体育锻炼。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由首段“Americans spend billions on vitamins, multivitamins for their health, but a review of numerous studies concluded there is little to no evidence that some of those vitamins prevent heart disease, cancer or death.”（美国人在维生素和多种维生素上花费数十亿美元，但对众多研究的回顾得出结论，几乎没有证据表明其中一些维生素可以预防心脏病，癌症或死亡。）并结合下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了美国专家研究表明补充维生素可能并没有像人们认为的那样有益处。因此C项“服用维生素：可能是浪费钱”适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。
辽宁省锦州市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
21—23 BCA 24—27 CDBC 28—31 ADCB 32—35 ADBD
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有关摩洛哥七日旅程的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据WHAT’S INCLUDED部分中的“Journey Highlights: Sahara trips and cultural explorations in Merzouga, the tour of Atlas Film Studios in Ouarzazate(旅程亮点：撒哈拉之旅和梅尔祖加的文化探索，瓦尔扎扎特的阿特拉斯电影制片厂之旅)”可知，游客可以在梅尔祖加探索当地文化。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据WHAT’S NOT INCLUDED部分中的“Flights to and from Morocco(往返摩洛哥的航班)”可知，出发地和摩洛哥之间的往返机票不包含在旅行套餐内，需额外收费。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Requirements部分中的“Your group must include a kid to book, and anyone under the age of 18 must be accompanied by an adult.(您的团队必须包括一名儿童才能预订，18岁以下的人必须由一名成人陪同。)”可知，该旅程为家庭旅行，参与的团队至少要包含一个儿童和一个成人。故选A。
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印尼爪哇岛一位名叫Raden Roro Hendarti的图书管理员将书籍借给孩子们，以换取他们以特殊方式收集的垃圾，以清洁环境，让孩子们多读书。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A librarian, whose name is Raden Roro Hendarti in Indonesia’s Java island, is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a special way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.(印尼爪哇岛一位名叫Raden Roro Hendarti的图书管理员将书籍借给孩子们，以换取他们以特殊方式收集的垃圾，以清洁环境，让孩子们多读书)”可知，Raden把书借给孩子们换取他们收集的垃圾是为了保护环境，帮助孩子多读书。故选C。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result.(她很高兴孩子们花在网络游戏上的时间会减少)”以及后文“the harm of the online world”可知，孩子们花在网络游戏上的时间减少了，即减少了网络世界的危害。由此可知，划线词意思是“减少”。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result. “Let us build a culture of reading from young age to mitigate the harm of the online world,” Raden said.(她很高兴孩子们花在网络游戏上的时间会减少。“让我们从小就建立一种阅读文化，以减轻网络世界的危害，”Raden说)”并结合Raden通过让孩子收集垃圾的方式保护环境，让孩子多读书可推知，Raden很负责。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“She has 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighbouring areas as well.(她有6000本书可以出借，还想把移动服务推广到邻近地区)”可知，Raden可以把服务带到邻近地区。故选C。
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是中国研究人员发现，由于禁渔令，曾经因过度捕捞而濒临灭绝的长江刀鱼正在恢复。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Chinese researchers have found that the knife fish in the Yangtze River, once endangered by overfishing, is recovering thanks to a fishing ban.(中国研究人员发现，由于禁渔令，曾经因过度捕捞而濒临灭绝的长江刀鱼正在恢复。)”可知，长江刀鱼的数量正在不断地恢复。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The knife fish was known as “the first delicacy in the Yangtze,” and its population saw a sharp decrease due to overfishing and damage of its natural habitat（栖息地）. (刀鱼被称为“长江第一美味”，由于过度捕捞和自然栖息地的破坏，其数量急剧减少。)”可知，由于过度捕捞和自然栖息地的破坏，导致它们数量的减少。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The average length and weight of knife fish collected in 2021 was 27.2 cm and 91.4 grams respectively, an average increase of 41 percent and 37.55 percent compared to those collected from 2019 to 2020.( 2021年收集的刀鱼的平均长度和重量分别为27.2厘米和91.4克，与2019年至2020年收集的刀鱼相比，平均增加了41%和37.55%。)”可知，2021年收集的刀鱼平均重量为91.4克，与2019年至2020年的相比增加了37.55%，故2019年至2020年的刀鱼平均体重为大约66克。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Chinese researchers have found that the knife fish in the Yangtze River, once endangered by overfishing, is recovering thanks to a fishing ban.(中国研究人员发现，由于禁渔令，曾经因过度捕捞而濒临灭绝的长江刀鱼正在恢复。)”以及通读全文，可知，文章介绍的是长江刀鱼的数量正在不断地恢复的事实，由此推断文章是报纸中的一篇新闻。故选B。
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么锻炼会导致体重增加以及其真正的原因。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““A person’s scaled mass (质量) is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs,” he says. “Immediately after a workout routine (惯例), the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you’re gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it’s probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.” ( “一个人的体重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液，甚至是我们肺部携带的空气的组合，”他说。“在例行锻炼后，身体每个部位的质量百分比会立即变化15%。所以，如果你在锻炼和健康饮食的同时体重增加，可能不是你想象的那种体重增加。”)”可知，从第二段Dolgan的话中我们可以知道你的体表质量受许多因素影响。故选A项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease. These changes happen over weeks and months (not hours or days) so the scale is useless when tracking them. (当你开始通过锻炼来改变你的身体组成——增加更多的肌肉质量，减少你的体脂——你的体重可能会增加，而你的体脂百分比可能会下降。这些变化发生在几周或几个月(而不是几小时或几天)，所以在跟踪它们时，这种秤是无用的)”可知，在你锻炼和健康饮食3个月后最有可能你的身体成分会发生变化。故选D项。
34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“You may argue that you weigh a few pounds less after a high intensity (强度) training class. Don’t get too excited — it’s just water loss due to sweat.(你可能会说，在高强度的训练课程后，你的体重减轻了几磅。不要太激动，这只是出汗导致的水分流失)”可知，人们在高强度的训练班后会减轻体重是因为他们出汗很多。故选B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“You want to lose some weight by exercising and eating healthy, only to find when you step on the scale (秤) it says you’ve gained a few pounds. “That’s normal, and it doesn’t mean that your workouts are not effective”, says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida. (你想通过锻炼和健康饮食来减肥，却发现秤上显示你又长了几磅。“这很正常，这并不意味着你的锻炼没有效果，”佛罗里达州迈阿密海滩的运动生理学家Jeffrey A. Dolgan说)”可知，文章主要讲的是为什么锻炼会导致体重增加以及其真正的原因。由此可知，Why Does My Workout Cause Weight Gain (为什么我的锻炼会导致体重增加？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
辽宁省鞍山市普通高中2022-2023学年高一上学期期末质量监测英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几幅你可能感兴趣的名画。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Our Daily Bread部分中的“He was in his mid-20s when he painted it to show how his mother tried hard to support him and the big family.(他在25岁左右的时候画了这幅画，以展示他的母亲是如何努力养活他和这个大家庭的)”可推知，安德斯·伦纳德·佐恩创作了《我们每天的面包》来表达他对母亲辛勤劳作的感谢。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Glow of Hope部分中的“Haldankar had the idea of painting it at an Indian festival Diwali, the festival of lights, when he saw his daughter in a beautiful Indian dress with a candle in one hand and her other hand protecting the flame from the wind.(哈尔丹卡尔是在印度的排灯节上想到画这幅画的，当时他看到女儿穿着漂亮的印度裙子，一手拿着蜡烛，另一只手保护火焰不受风吹)”可知，哈尔丹卡尔的画作《希望之光》的灵感来自他女儿在印度节日上的一个场景。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Portrait of Mari Clasen部分中的“The Drammen, Norway-based artist Halfdan Johnsen Egedius painted it in 1895. He described the beauty of the Norwegian folk costume-bunad, worn by Mari Clasen, a pretty young woman from South Central Norway. The painting speaks a lot about the beauty and traditions of the country. (挪威德拉门艺术家哈夫丹·约翰森·埃格迪斯于1895年创作了这幅画。他描述了来自挪威中南部的年轻漂亮女子玛丽·克拉森所穿的挪威民间服饰bunad的美丽。这幅画充分说明了这个国家的美丽和传统)”可知，如果你对挪威文化感兴趣，你会更喜欢《玛丽·克拉森的肖像》。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者创办了一家手推车租赁业务，通过培训帮助低收入者重塑形象，改变了他们的生活。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“One day, we talked about the business opportunities in our country at that time, and during the communication, I found the most practical one was starting a barrow (手推车)rental business.(有一天我们讨论了那个时候在我们乡村做生意机会，在我们的谈话中我发现最现实的是创办一家手推车租赁生意)”可知，是作者和朋友的讨论促使作者创办了手推车租赁生意，故选B 项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The most valuable thing for us is to touch others’ lives positively.(对我们来说，最宝贵