辽宁省部分市2022-2023高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）考试试卷

辽宁省部分市
2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
辽宁省丹东市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You don't want to miss a word
Here are some book purchase information on the website. Reading them, you'll make your own decision about what you are interested in.
Lights Above Cass
Marilyn Brokaw Hall
Hardback: $23.99; Paperback: $19.99; E-book: $3.99
www.
Lucia, a self-awareness sentient being from the Roswell crash awaits codes to return home. At the same time, the CIA uncovers some of America's ugliest social injustices investigating alien's illegal actions.
Have Knife, Will Travel
Hugh Cameron
Hardback: $29.99; Paperback: $19.99; E-book: $3.99
www.
A story of the development artificial joint replacement, and how a band of surgeons known as Traveling Road Show crisscrossed the world teaching this new technology to thousands of other surgeons.
The History of College Nicknames, Mascots and School Colors
Gary Hudson
Hardback: $29.99; Paperback: $19.99; E-book: $3.99
www.
Are you a college sports fan The History of College Nicknames, Mascots and School Colors explains the history behind the nicknames, mascots and school colors of Division IA college sports teams.
Project Anasazi
Michael Brian O'Hara
Hardback: $39.99; Paperback: $28.99; E-book: $3.99
www.
Set in the 1990's Project Anasazi, the book covers a fictional account of the disappearance of the Anasazi Indians. A 50-year old secret, Project Anasazi, is in danger of becoming a national disaster.
21. Which author's book will attract those interested in medicine
A. Marilyn Brokaw Hall. B. Hugh Cameron.
C. Gary Hudson. D. Michael Brian O'Hara.
22. How much will you pay if you buy a hardback book about the history of college nicknames
A. $19.99. B. $23.99. C. $29.99. D. $39.99.
23. Where is this text most likely from
A. A book website. B. A bookshop leaflet.
C. A reading magazine. D. A poster in the bookstore.
B
Three years ago, Nikki Robinson found a little raccoon(浣熊) by the road. She saved him and after a bunch of attempts at taking him to wildlife centers and vets, Nikki was disappointed in the lack of help. However, her mother Linda had experience in raising raccoons and after a little persuasion, took the little creature in.
They named him Little Hands and fell in love with the trash panda. Linda and Nikki fed him, raised him, and eventually let him go. To their surprise, Little Hands kept coming back, sometimes after a few days, sometimes a few months. He would come back and ask for hugs, food, and just love.
Little Hands was taken care of by Linda. He was released onto her large property and was allowed to come and go as he pleased. He was very fearful of any human or animal that he didn't grow up with, but would come back to visit them most nights. Linda would leave food out for him every night and sit outside on the porch swing before bed, waiting for his visit. The first thing he would do is that he would climb over to Linda on the swing, sit beside her, and want pats from her.
"Little Hands stayed with us for about two and a half months before he was fully released into the wild. He has always been a calm, peaceful raccoon, very loving and compassionate, even as he matured. But still wild enough he thrives on his own," Nikki said.
People asked Nikki what their reaction was when Little Hands returned to them. "Pure joy. And every time he came back it was a more and more joyous occasion especially because he wanted our attention as well as our food."
At last, Nikki said: "Be kind. We share the planet with so many creatures that need to be respected. They are capable of complex social systems and emotions."
24. What is Nikki's main reason for raising the raccoon
A. She was really fond of the raccoon.
B. She was disappointed with her mother.
C. She had experience in raising raccoons.
D. She had difficulty finding a proper help elsewhere.
25. Why would Little Hands return after being released
A. Because he could get some food and love.
B. Because he wanted to express his gratitude.
C. Because he liked playing on the swing with Linda.
D. Because he was afraid of living in the wild alone.
26. Which expression can best describe Nikki and her mother
A. Devoted and considerate. B. Warmhearted and caring.
C. Sympathetic and curious. D. Kind and generous.
27. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. Animals need to be protected and respected.
B. People must share what they have with animals.
C. People should be in harmony with other creatures.
D. Many creatures are good at socializing with people.
C
The creators of Mission to Mars AR meant it to be educational, with plenty of up-to-the-minute facts and figures about Mars exploration. But don't let that put you off. It's also a lot of fun. And it shows how far phone-based AR has progressed in the four and a half years since Pokémon Go, a 2016 AR mobile game, sent millions of people out into the streets searching for imaginary creatures.
The free app, which comes out in time for next week's landing of the Perseverance rover(探测器) on Mars, is nearly identical in design to the Smithsonian Channel's Apollo's Moon Shot released for the 50th anniversary of the moon landing in 2019. In that one, you could use your phone to send a virtual Saturn V rocket into space, and learn about the Apollo astronauts and their machines through more than a dozen interactive experiences. Take some photos on the moon, suited up in the Apollo 11 spacesuit, and share with friends on social media.
Simple AR has taken off in shopping apps and social media in recent years. But Mission to Mars AR shows that the technology is capable of much more than just adding rabbit ears or cool sunglasses to your selfies(自拍). The app offers seven experiences, starting with an overview of Martian geography. Turn the globe in front of you to inspect the planet's frozen polar caps and vast valleys.
The experiences in Mission to Mars AR add a bit more challenge, but are easy to master after a couple of tries. Guide Perseverance through its "seven minutes of terror"—NASA's now semi-official term for a Mars landing. The "Mission to Mars" module offers the most interaction. You guide the rover from rock to rock, using a laser to analyze their contents while being careful not to crash or get stuck in the sand. You can even fly a small helicopter on Perseverance, which is sure to be one of the real mission's highlights.
Just as NASA rovers have advanced from tiny Sojourner in the 1990s to Perseverance, we've come a long way from just downloading Mars photos for our desktop wallpaper.
28. What does the underlined words "put you off" in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Cheat you. B. Confuse you. C. Destroy you. D. Discourage you.
29. What can players do in Apollo's Moon Shot
A. Launch a virtual Saturn V rocket.
B. Take photos with the Apollo astronauts.
C. Help Perseverance land on Mars safely.
D. Dress themselves in the latest spacesuits.
30. Why does the author mention selfies in Paragraph 3
A. To stress their popularity.
B. To encourage people to use social media.
C. To reveal Mission to Mars AR's progress.
D. To doubt the value of Mission to Mars AR.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. A cool way to learn about Mars.
B. Challenges for Mars exploration.
C. Some basic facts about NASA rovers.
D. A new AR app designed for astronauts.
D
Researchers set out to understand more about the connection between people's emotions and behavior at bird feeders and how that may impact conservation in a study published in People and Nature.
"We know that bird feeding is popular across the world, but not a lot is known about people who feed birds," said lead author Ashely Dayer, an assistant professor at Virginia Tech.
In the study, Dayer and her workmates made use of Project Feeder Watch, a citizen science program from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. The team sent an email to a subset of the project participants in all U.S. states and asked them questions about observations made at their feeders, how those observations made them feel and any management actions they took.
"Those who fed birds seemed to notice whether the predator(捕食者) near their feeders was a cat, which is non-native, or a hawk(鹰), which is native. They also had different emotional responses to the two. About half the people studied thought hawks were interesting. Cats, on the other hand, tended to cause anger," said Dayer.
Researchers also determined that people changed their actions after noticing changes at their feeders. People tended to scare off cats, move their feeders or provide shelter for birds when they spotted cats around their feeders. When people saw sick birds, which caused emotions like sadness and worry, they often provided more food.
Another thing they found surprising was the factors that impact people's decisions about how much to feed birds. "Cold weather mattered more than what's usually predictive of human behavior—time and money," Dayer said. Feeding birds when it was colder outside was more important to the participants, which showed their commitment to bird feeding, despite the cost of bird food.
Dayer said the next step would be looking at the impacts of feeders on birds themselves including disease risk and how feeders may influence bird behavior.
"Being able to understand how people decide what to do and what effects these actions have on birds can help answer bird conservation questions and help bird conservation organizations work with people that feed birds to ensure their activity has the most benefit," Dayer said.
32. How was the study conducted
A. By observing the participants.
B. By surveying the participants online.
C. By interviewing the participants face-to-face,
D. By studying the previous data from Project FeederWatch.
33. What did the researchers find concerning those who fed birds
A. They scared off hawks at their feeders.
B. They provided less food for sick birds.
C. They became angry with cats near their feeders.
D. They felt sad when seeing predators attack birds.
34. What surprised the researchers about the participants
A. They had great influence over bird behavior.
B. They showed great commitment to bird feeding.
C. They had different responses to cats and hawks.
D. They gave priority to cold weather when feeding birds.
35. What is the main purpose of the study according to Dayer
A. To aid bird conservation.
B. To promote bird feeding.
C. To analyze ways of feeding birds.
D. To stress the importance of bird feeders.
辽宁省葫芦岛市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
New Year’s celebrations take many forms, but most cultures have one thing in common—have a good time after a long, hard year. For much of the globe this involves drinking with friends until the sun comes up, singing together. But others have rather more curious habits, often filled with superstition (迷信).
In Denmark, people stand on chairs and jump off together as the clock strikes midnight, really leaping into the new year. The Danes also throw plates at their friends’ homes during the night-the more pieces you find outside your door in the morning the more popular you are said to be.
In Finland, say tour guides, people pour melted (熔化的) lead into cold water to predict the year ahead from the shape the metal forms. If the shape represents a ship it is said to predict travel, if it’s a ball, good luck.
The Dutch build massive bonfires with their Christmas trees and cat sugary donuts—one of many cultures to consume round New Year’s foods traditionally believed to represent good fortune.
Spaniards, in turn, cat a dozen grapes before the strike of midnight, each fruit representing a month that will either be sweet or sour.
In the Philippines, people wear polka dots (带圆点的服装) for good luck, while in some countries of South America people put on brightly coloured underwear to attract fortune—red for love and yellow for financial success.
Despite regional and cultural differences, for most the New Year’s festivities are a chance to let off steam before the annual cycle starts all over again. “This is a holiday that is about celebration and letting go,” explained George Washington University sociologist Amitai Etzioni.
1. In which country is the festival related to metal
A. Denmark. B. Spain. C. Finland. D. The Netherlands.
2. What can we learn about New Year’s celebrations from the text
A. The Danes throw grapes at their friends’ homes during the night.
B. Spaniards eat many donuts before the strike of midnight.
C. The Dutch build massive walls with their Christmas trees.
D. Some people in South America wear red underwear for love.
3. What does the underlined phrase “let off steam” in the last paragraph mean
A. Get married. B. Get relaxed. C. Make money. D. Make friends.
B
I’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut tree.
It’s a unique tree. In late September or early October, falling fruits as hard as baseballs threaten the skulls (头骨) of you, your children, your neighbors and those that reside next door to them. Umbrellas in the yard are a must while dining in early August, and as for me, I wear my bike helmet while working in the garden.
The black walnut also releases a chemical substance through its roots as a competitive strategy. It’s poisonous to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties that I brought home with hopes that maybe the black walnut would accept them, but they failed to flourish.
What does work are native plants that naturally grow in the area. Native plants are important to have around since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and contribute to a healthy and biodiverse environment. Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less stress.
Have I thought of getting rid of this giant pain in my tiny backyard Yes, however, getting rid of this tree standing at 50 feet with an 87-inch trunk is next to impossible. It’s also protected under the law. Rightfully so. Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that inhabit it.
Sometimes I think about my life without the black walnut. I can’t imagine a spring without the birds who arrive every year and loudly sing their songs before dawn. I’d miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up into its leaves.
Every spring, I wonder what the season holds: What are the chances of being knocked unconscious while barbecuing Like any good relationship, I’ll never be pleased. I’m stuck with this tree, so I’ll listen to its needs and give it the space it requires. In return, my walnut offers a habitat for wildlife and a reminder.
4. Why does the author wear a bike helmet while working in the garden
A. To protect the injured skull. B. To prevent herself from sunburn.
C. To avoid being hit by the nuts. D. To reduce the chance of getting bitten by bees.
5. What is the tree’s survival strategy
A. It attracts beneficial pollinators.
B. It lets out poison to drive away pests.
C. It produces a chemical fatal to some plants.
D. It competes for nutrition with similar species.
6. Which of the following DOESN’T account for the author’s love-hate relationship with the tree
A The volume of its fruits may bring inconvenience.
B. The tree outcompetes the native plants in the garden.
C. The tree is home to numerous birds and other creatures.
D. The presence of the tree takes up much space of the garden.
7. The author most probably got a reminder from the tree that ________.
A it’s better to give than to take
B. trees and plants have their own ways to flourish
C. even a good relationship is not always trouble-free
D. acceptance, instead of resistance, is the better way to be
C
If you’ve ever wondered who decides what sports to be included or left out at the Olympic Games, you’re probably not the only one, because the processes are a little complex and confusing.
It falls to the Executive Board of International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) to suggest which sports will be included and the rest of the IOC then votes according to a long list of standards: How much value the sport would add to the Olympic legacy (遗产); How long the sport has existed; How popular the sport is in the host country; How much it would cost to broadcast the events, and many other things.
Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games saw the inclusion of skateboarding, surfboarding, sport climbing and karate, all of which were selected by the IOC for the first time ever.
So, what contributes to sport being left out Having to limit the Games to a certain number of athletes, as well as scheduling needs can lead to some sports being left off the program, especially if they fall short of the above standards.
There’s perhaps no better example of this than softball and baseball. While both are included at Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, it’s the first time they were included at Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The IOC voted them out from London 2012 Olympic Games. Officials said that neither sport had global attraction.
But it’s not just the IOC that has the say. The host city can also play a role in the decision, and push for a particular sport for the year that it is hosting. For a real-world example, look no further than the 2024 Games to be held in Paris, which will see the inclusion of breakdancing as an Olympic sport for the first time.
8. What does the second paragraph focus on
A. The voting process. B. The advantages of IOC.
C. The costs of the Games. D. The selecting standards.
9. Which was added to Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games for the first time
A. Baseball. B. Breakdancing. C. Skateboarding. D. Softball.
10. Why was baseball left out at London 2012 Olympic Games
A. It had too many players. B. It had a short history.
C. It was difficult to broadcast. D. It was not popular enough.
11. Who is most unlikely to have a say in selecting the Olympic sports
A. The athletes. B. The Executive Board of IOC.
C. The host cities. D. International Olympic Committee.
D
Mosquito bites are unavoidable in summer—or is that so Scientists recently found that mosquitoes are more attracted to some colors than others, which could possibly prove useful to those trying to avoid the annoying bites.
The study found that after a common type of mosquitoes smelled CO2 the gas humans breathe out—they decided to land on some colored dots (色点) but ignored others.
“Imagine you’re on a sidewalk and you smell toasty,” the lead researcher said in a press release announcing the study’s findings. “That’s probably a sign that there’s a bakery nearby and you might start looking around for it. Here, we started to learn what visual elements that mosquitoes are looking for after smelling their own version of a bakery.”
The research team put different colored dots at the bottom of a box and sprayed (喷洒) them with CO2. They found that mosquitoes were drawn most to red, orange and black. They also found that mosquitoes ignored green, blue and white. When a researcher reached his hand into the box wearing a green glove, mosquitoes ignored it, even when it was sprayed with CO2.
Unfortunately, avoiding mosquitoes isn’t as easy as choosing the right color of clothes. Human skin delivers a vivid red-orange “signal” to mosquitoes, the researchers said, making it hard to hide completely
“We previously discovered there are three major hints that attract mosquitoes: your breath, your sweat and the temperature of your skin,” the lead researcher said. “Now we have found a fourth hint: the color red, which can not only be found on your clothes, but is also found in everyone’s skin. The shade of your skin doesn’t matter. We are all giving off a strong red feature.”
While the research found that the mosquitoes appeared to prefer certain colors, it did not measure whether wearing colors like green or blue would help keep away from the mosquitoes. The researchers hope that their findings can help find other methods to drive back the biting insects.
12. Why did the researchers spray the dots with CO2
A. It drives mosquitoes away.
B. It is attractive to mosquitoes.
C. It prevents mosquitoes finding targets.
D. It’s a practical material to catch mosquitoes.
13. Which of the following colors causes the least attention from mosquitoes
A. Red. B. Black C. Orange. D. Blue.
14. What does paragraph 6 focus on
A. The features of human skin.
B. Factors that attract mosquitoes.
C. What elements mosquitoes ignore.
D. How to choose the color of clothes.
15. What may be the hopeful result of the study
A. Mosquitoes will disappear someday.
B. Most people will wear colorful clothes.
C. The survival rate of mosquitoes will be affected.
D. More ways will be found to keep mosquitoes off.
辽宁省锦州市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Shanghai Disney Resort. As the second Disney theme park in China, Shanghai Disney Resort will provide visitors with unlimited possibilities and create memories worth cherishing for a lifetime.
Four Amazing Projects:
1. Soaring Over the Horizon
The ride takes you and your dangling feet from the top of the Eiffel Tower to the Taj Mahal to an African savanna filled with elephants. Shown on a domed screen, the movie concludes with nighttime fireworks over Shanghai’s skyline. Scent effects include grass over Africa, an ocean breeze over Fiji and roses over India.
2. TRON Lightcycle Power Run
The motorcycle-style trains look phenomenal with their glowing wheels, particularly in the indoor blue-hued launch area designed to look like the circuits inside a computer. The futuristic scene is so spectacular that you can’t look away from it.
3. Voyage to the Crystal Grotto
The gentle boat ride passes scenes based on “Aladdin” “Tangled” “Mulan” and “The Little Mermaid” with animatronic figures and spouting fountains.
4. Alice in Wonderland Maze (迷宫)
Alice in Wonderland Maze is the first attraction at a Disney park to focus on Tim Burton’s Alice in Wonderland film. Guests have to make their way through sculpted hedges, stone garden walls, giant flowers and sculptures to get to the Mad Hatte’s Tea Party.
You will also meet your Disney friends from different stories in various parks, such as Mickey, Mulan, Baymax, Disney princesses, Captain Jack Sparrow and Winnie the Pooh.
What are you waiting for
21. In which project can you experience scent effects
A. Soaring Over the Horizon. B. TRON Lightcycle Power Run.
C. Voyage to the Crystal Grotto. D. Alice in Wonderland Maze.
22. What’s the characteristic of Alice in Wonderland Maze
A. It is easy to pass. B. It is based on a film.
C. It has a futuristic scene. D. It has spouting fountains.
23. Where does the passage possibly come from
A. A fashion magazine. B. An economy newspaper.
C. A tour handbook. D. A science fiction.
B
Anniversary trips were a tradition that was nearly as old as our marriage. Each year, Jim and I took turns planning a secret trip for the other. I finally found a perfect spot: The Shire of Montana. It was a “hobbit house”. And our six-year-old daughter, Aurora, would also love it.
I was about to make a reservation when I saw a note on The Shire’s website: No kids allowed. We couldn’t leave Aurora behind. I asked if an exception might be possible. A reply came. “The rule exists because previous children destroyed large parts of the Elven Village,” wrote Mr. Michaels, the owner. “But if you promise that your daughter is responsible and will not touch anything, she can come.” Aurora was a well-behaved girl. I wrote back and filled in the reservation form.
The day finally arrived. I was excited very much. Still, turning onto Hobbit Lane, I felt anxious. “Children aren’t usually allowed here,” I reminded Aurora. “So you have to be very careful. You can look at everything, but don’t touch it.”
Then we began our journey. Aurora took everything in, keeping her hands pressed to her sides. “Remember, no touching,” I reminded Aurora, feeling like a complainer. Had I made Aurora so scared of touching things that she couldn’t think about anything else What fun was that
We spent several days at the Shire. I finally found that Aurora delighted in each discovery but never disturbed a thing. Being aware of boundaries didn’t take away the beauty and wonder; it allowed the Shire to remain beautiful. It was not so different from our family life, I thought. Jim and I moved through life side by side as a couple, but we’d learned to accept each other’s individuality and boundaries as well.
24. What can we know from the second paragraph
A. The visitors to The Shire of Montana all performed properly.
B. The author was dissatisfied with the reservation rules.
C. The process of arranging the trip was a bit difficult.
D The Shire’s website failed to give useful information.
25. What caused the author’s anxiety at the beginning of their trip
A. Her fear of getting lost. B. Her concern for their safety.
C. Her worry about her family’s feelings. D. Her uncertainty about Aurora’s feelings.
26. How did the author probably find her act of reminding Aurora
A. It helped Aurora win praise from others.
B. It kept Aurora away from possible dangers.
C. It might prevent Aurora from fully enjoying herself.
D It could let Aurora realize the value of cultural treasures.
27. What is important in family life according to the author
A. Taking responsibility for our own choices.
B. Respecting both personal needs and boundaries.
C. Learning how to find beauty in small things.
D. Trying to meet every family member’s expectations.
C
Art is a powerful tool for telling a scientific story. Many scientific fields deal with the strangest of the animal kingdom — like creatures with a handful of eyes and bodies so different from our own. Art can help us experience these hard-to-imagine parts of the natural world and shed light on new scientific discoveries.
Alia Payne, an interactive arts professor came to the National Museum of Natural History to work with the live jellyfish collections. She always got the same question from visitors, “How do jellyfish stings work ” She had the scientific answer for them but found it difficult to explain without a clear visual. That’s when a lightbulb went off in Payne’s mind. She built a 3D model of one of the stinging cells that visitors could touch and interact with. “I’ve always loved art for education,” said Payne. “We learn more easily when we have something to play and interact with.”
While art helps society experience, it also helps scientists understand the natural world. Dr. Karen Osborn, a zoologist at the museum, specializes in the striking creatures of the ocean’s largest habitat—the midwater. Midwater creatures are equipped with all sorts of unique features to get them through life in their extreme habitat, and Osborn’s research helps us understand how these animals came to be. “So I started learning photography,” Osborn explained. “It was really important because these animals don’t look so great when they’re preserved in a jar in the museum’s collections.”
Artistic creativity provides an opportunity to show off the bright colors, attractive body plans and cool adaptations of these creatures to the museum’s scientists, visitors and the world. In turn, art connects scientists to their own creativity and aids in their scientific process and the communication of their discoveries. By weaving together science with imagination and storytelling, art helps highlight the beauty of the ocean’s creatures even those fit for horror movies — and connects people to their innate curiosity for the strangeness of the animal kingdom.
28. What can we know about art according to Paragraph 1
A. It is a powerful tool with a scientific story.
B. It can help us get close to the natural world.
C. It can provide a new view for exploring science.
D. It has different eyes and bodies to experience nature.
29. What is Payne’s purpose of building a 3D model
A. To show off. B. To get a job.
C. To persuade visitors to buy jellyfish. D. To explain science in a simple way.
30. Why does Osborn start learning photography
A. Because he is full of imagination.
B. Because he wants to improve his work.
C. Because he is attracted by the natural world.
D. Because he wants to help scientists understand nature.
31. How does art affect scientists
A. It promotes their creativity. B. It focuses on the scientific process.
C. It helps scientists experience society. D. It provides an opportunity for the scientists.
D
As climate change becomes severe summer after summer, millions of people are finding themselves covered in wildfire smoke, including those in North America just this past month. It is bad for our health. It is also really disturbing, but we don’t talk about that as much.
We often use the terms “atmosphere” or climate” to refer to the mood of a situation. We use metaphors (比喻) to describe affective states, such as “feeling under the weather” or “on cloud nine”. Such language suggests that we understand that human emotions are intimately related to the atmospheric phenomena. Yet rarely do we pay attention to the ways we feel climate change.
But wildfire smoke shows how affective climate change can be. For example, wildfire smoke is often referred to using emotional phrases such as “air of dread”. Through living with the smoke and the panic it generates, we can think more carefully about the ways we experience climate change, and crucially, why and how we need to respond to it.
We often think of climate change impacts as far away, separate from our bodies, because science typically uses global representations and statistical information. But wildfire smoke spreads and pollutes our bodies, and indeed, crosses many other boundaries; it drifts from rural areas into big cities; and it crosses state and national borders with ease. Of course, some borders are more permeable (渗透的), and some bodies more sensitive to the smoke.
Through its ability to pass through and become part of our very being, wildfire smoke is closer in nature to the air pollution we normally think of as one of the causes of climate change. Wildfire smoke is both an impact and a cause of climate change. It explains the nature of climate change impacts and the self-reinforcing (自我强化) feedback circles that can, and may, lead to the planet warming itself independent of human actions.
32 What can we learn about people’s reaction to climate change
A. They are curious about it.
B. They take it very seriously.
C. They feel powerless about it.
D. They pay little attention to it.
33. What does the underlined word “intimately” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Closely. B. Naturally.
C. Certainly. D. Unexpectedly.
34. What does the author think of wildfire smoke
A. It allows people to sense climate change.
B. It does great harm to people’s health.
C. It influences people’s mood.
D. It attracts scientists’ deep concerns worldwide.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Why Smoke from Wildfires Harms Us
B. How We Can Observe Climate Change
C. What Smoke from Wildfires Can Teach Us
D. What We Can Do to Avoid Smoke from Wildfires
辽宁省营口市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
Incredibly Beautiful Villages in China
Likeng Village
Built in the year 1010, Likeng Village in Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province preserves the area’s unique Hui architecture. Though the village charges tourists an entrance fee, it is a worthwhile point from which they can view the blossoming canola flowers (油菜花) in the spring and admire the local calligraphy under camphor trees (樟树) as old as the village itself.
Danba Villages
With few tourists aware of Sichuan Province’s Garz Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, those who do make the trip are rewarded with views unlike those anywhere else. And within the heart of the area, far away from polluted cities, lie the Danba Villages, considered by some as the most beautiful villages in China. Each village is made up of unique Tibetan-style folk houses.
Hongcun Ancient Village
Though Hongcun is one of China’s most well-known ancient villages，its popularity has not ruined its uniqueness. After a climb through the great Yellow Mountains in Anhui Province, rest for a while in this foothill village, which was the filming site for select scenes from Ang Lee’s Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. Centered around a moon-shaped pond, the village was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its well-preserved Ming-and Qing-era architecture.
Shuangfeng Forest Farm
Nicknamed “China Snow Town” for its annual seven-month-long snowfall, Shuangfeng Forest Farm in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province is where you want to go if you wish to experience China’s deepest snows. Over the years, the village has transformed into a charming tourist destination.
21. What can visitors see in both Likeng Village and Danba Villages
A. Distinctive constructions. B. Costumes of minorities.
C. Centuries-old camphor trees D. Works of famous calligraphers.
22. Where is the village that was once a movie set
A. In Anhui Province. B. In Sichuan Province.
C. In Jiangxi Province. D. In Heilongjiang Province.
23. Which would visitors choose if they want to play in the snow
A. Likeng Village. B. Danba Villages.
C. Hongcun Ancient Village. D. Shuangfeng Forest Farm.
B
When a group of college students started their flying disc business back in 2008 in China, few of them could imagine the then little-known sport would have such a big explosion in popularity across the country this summer.
During the first three months of 2022, searches for frisbee shoot up 17-fold on Xiaohongshu, as compared with the same period in the year before. The topic of frisbee has attracted more than 42.4 million views on the platform, reported China Daily.
The rule of frisbee is very easy to understand. The main goal of the players is to catch the frisbee in the end zone. The thrower is not allowed to move after throwing the frisbee out, while others without a frisbee in their hands can move as they want. “For example, when you hold the Frisbee, you cannot move but instead you pivot (绕轴转动) on one foot until the disc is released,” said Qu Xinchen, who started playing frisbee in April 2022. A team will then try to get the frisbee down and throw it to another teammate further down the field.
For those who want to compete, they can try the team disc sport called “ultimate Frisbee”, which encourages honesty and fair play, with no judges there to make a ruling. In another game called “frisbee golf’，players try to hit faraway targets with a disc. Just like in golf, the lowest number of throws wins.
“People now think it is cool to play frisbee.” Qu added to this feeling by saying “I usually burn 1,400 calories during a session, and I can see my friends more.”
On July 7, 2022, frisbee was officially accepted by regulatory (监管的) authorities and the first Chinese Frisbee League was announced by the General Administration of Sport of China.
But why has frisbee become so popular all of a sudden Apart from the low cost of the sport, experts believe that one reason is that people of all ages can join the game since you only need a disc for equipment. What’s more, the non-contact nature of the sport suits the need for pandemic control.
24. What is the main goal of frisbee players
A. To throw the frisbee as far as they can.
B. To throw the disc into the end zone.
C. To keep the disc in the hands of their team.
D. To catch the frisbee in the end zone.
25. What does Qu Xinchen like about frisbee
A. It encourages fair play.
B. It enables him to stay fit and play with friends.
C. It is easy to play and doesn’t need a judge.
D. It has various forms of competitions.
26. What makes frisbee meet the requirements of pandemic control
A. It is suitable for people of all ages.
B. It involves the whole family.
C. It encourages no contact.
D. It gets people close to nature.
27. Which of the following can be a good title of the essay
A. Frisbee comes back globally
B. Frisbee goes viral in China
C. A non-contact way of having fun
D. A new way to keep fit
C
Batteries are extremely useful. Many ordinary household items are powered by single-use batteries including TV remotes toys, flashlights, and even smoke detectors. But what happens when the batteries are used up and have to be replaced Many of them end up in the trash where the chemicals can get into the soil causing environmental damage. In fact in Australia, 97 percent of single-use batteries end up in landfills.
While batteries can be traditionally recycled, this involves using high heat to melt the metals that can then be reused. The method doesn’t allow for the repurposing of other elements that actually have to be mined. It is allowing valuable resources to go to waste.
Envirostream — a part of the battery recycling company Lithium Australia — came up with an innovative way to turn old batteries into plant fertilizer. While some of the chemicals in batteries are poisonous, the company engineered a new method that takes the micronutrients like zinc and manganese oxide out of the alkaline (碱性的) batteries by crushing (碎) them and removing the poisonous elements. Lithium Australia has tried to find a solution for these waste batteries that is better for the environment and creates better value.
The company began field trials in 2020, testing a fertilizer supplement made from the upcycled batteries on wheat and found that it compared well to commercial fertilizers. After that, they tested the fertilizer in soil that was lacking in the minerals. Now, the fertilizer has been successfully applied to growing tomatoes, avocados, and cotton crops.
Going from powering remotes to powering plants completes a cycle for elements that come from the earth to then go back to the earth. Recycling batteries for useful components and keeping them out of landfills is good for the planet.
28. What can we learn about single-use batteries
A. It is costly to extend their service life.
B. Few of them are properly disposed of.
C. They will be replaced by rechargeable ones.
D. They are useful because of their convenience.
29. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Removing the poisonous chemicals of batteries.
B. Taking micronutrients out of batteries.
C. Melting the reusable metals in batteries.
D Reusing mineral elements of batteries.
30. What can be inferred from the fertilizer made from the upcycled batteries
A. It may have a more promising future.
B. It might be more suitable for the alkaline soil.
C. It needs tests before being used for more plants.
D. It may lead to an increase in agricultural production.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. The widespread use of batteries.
B. Various ways to deal with old batteries.
C. The urgency of recycling used batteries.
D. A new way to turn old batteries into plant fertilizer.
D
A spoonful of pickles (腌菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: “digital pickled vegetables”. It refers to the videos people watch while eating that make their food more appetizing.
The topic received more than 16 million clicks on Sina Weibo and about 100,000 people participated in the discussion. Instead of being accompanied by friends and family during a meal, many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is tastier with the “digital pickles”.
Can this habit affect your diet According to a research paper published in 2019, you may eat more unconsciously. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines and without distraction. After analyzing their diets, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased caloric intake by about 15 percent.
To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals. When eating with the “digital pickles”, our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.
This works not only for eating meals but other demanding tasks as well. A research project led by the University of Sussex, UK, pointed out that activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating. The team invited 120 participants to do various tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. “Our study suggests that if you’re eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel” one of the authors Martin Yeomans explained.
32. What do “digital pickles” refer to
A. A new type of vegetables.
B. Electronic products popular online.
C. Videos people watch while eating.
D. Digital games suitable for families.
33 Why do people eat more with “digital pickles’ according to the text
A. They are more focused on their meals.
B. They are distracted by “digital pickles”.
C. The food tastes better with “digital pickles”.
D. The “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier.
34. What can we learn from the experiment carried out by the research team
A. It explores the reason why people prefer “digital pickles” while having meals.
B. Eating while hearing another person eating can keep one more focused on his meal.
C. Eating while imaging oneself eating can keep one more focused on his meal.
D. When eating without the “digital pickles”, we are bound to eat less.
35. Why does the author mention a different study in the last paragraph
A. To give another case that causes overeating.
B. To describe the effects of “digital pickles”.
C. To explain how to judge you are full.
D. To present how to avoid being distracted.
辽宁省大连市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题
第一节：(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fiji is one of the world’s top five honeymoon destinations according to a CNN.com travel poll (民意调查).
Nisa Bula — Welcome to Fiji. This heartfelt greeting is your warm invitation to visit a undiscovered paradise! More than anything else, the Fiji Islands are a unique destination, a South Pacific tropical island paradise of charm and cultural diversity. Its miles of unspoiled beaches, sparkling lakes and shining sunsets offer an experience you’ll never forget.
From giant mountains to tiny atolls (环礁), Fiji’s 300 tropical islands are as richly varied as the diverse friendly people who inhabit them. They equally welcome the couple in search of privacy or the group on the trip of a lifetime.
Year-round warm weather, a stress free environment and world-class facilities with first class service make Fiji as near as possible to paradise — a truly great escape.
TOP FOUR THINGS TO DO IN FIJI:
●Snorkel (潜泳) and dive on large coral reefs
●Visit a traditional Fijian village
●Swim in the warm, crystal clear water
●Sail around the Yasawa Islands
A Few Facts:
Population: A mere 750,000 people inhabit the Fiji Islands — the majority of whom live on the two larger islands. Time Zone: Fiji is 12 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. Electricity: 240 volts — most resorts and hotels have 110-volt converters (转换器). Taxes: Currently, the rate of tax is 10%, which is applied to all goods and services supplied. Climate: Now you have found paradise! Fiji enjoys the perfect climate year round. November to April 86℉, May to October 79℉.
21. What can we learn from the CNN.com travel poll
A. The heartfelt greeting is unique. B. There live friendly people in Fiji.
C. Fiji is one of the top five attractions. D. Fiji is popular with newly married couples.
22. Which of the following activities is recommended in Fiji
A. Wandering around a traditional village. B. Going skiing on the Yasawa Islands.
C. Swimming in the cold and clear water. D. Collecting living coral.
23. What kind of fact do we know from the last paragraph
A. Fiji is 12 hours ahead of Beijing Time. B. 10% tax will be paid for the services.
C. December is the hottest month in Fiji. D. People rarely live on the two larger islands.
B
All day long, at an MSF distribution center, humanitarian (人道主义的) supplies make their way to some of the most dangerous spots on the planet. Specially marked boxes are being packed with medicines and supplies, which are on their way to Ebola-affected Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.
Kathy Dedieu became a sanitation (卫生设备) and water engineer for MSF a decade ago. She has just returned from Liberia, where MSF is working to help reopen the hospitals. Her job is to make sure that clean parts of the hospitals are kept separate from areas that are polluted. She says the situation there is a complete disaster. “Even during the war, I haven’t seen a health system close so fast. The hospitals are empty because the health staff just aren’t there,” she says. Dedieu was in Liberia during that country’s civil war in 2003.
MSF was founded in 1971 by a group of doctors and journalists. “I remember being criticized in the 1980s as a ‘medical cowboy’,” says Rony Brauman, who headed MSF from 1982 to 1994. “We were blamed for riding in, distributing our pills and creating unreasonable expectations.” But Brauman says that’s the nature of health care. “We raise expectations; we create new diseases by treating old diseases,” Brauman says. “That’s how it works in general. It was a kind of fight. MSF won that fight.”
MSF doctor Cameron Bopp says he’s worked with other humanitarian organizations but always missed the level of devotion and motivation he’s found at MSF. “The main thing that’s different about MSF from the point of view someone like me who goes out and works in the field is that when there’s an emergency, other organizations say, ‘Whoa, this is an emergency. We’re gonna be there as soon as we get funding.’ And MSF has the funding,” he says. “We start right away.” Ninety percent of MSF’s funding comes from a devoted base of five million donors. That gives it the independence to speak out and do what’s really needed.
24. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Showing the places affected by Ebola. B. Exploring a distribution center of MSF.
C. Introducing one of the functions of MSF. D. Encouraging donations to Ebola-affected areas.
25. What can we learn about Kathy Dedieu
A. She is working in Liberia.
B. She was once a soldier in the civil war.
C. She founded MSF with many other doctors.
D. She helps with pollution prevention in hospitals.
26. What was people’s attitude to MSF in the early years
A. Optimistic. B. Uncaring. C. Disapproving. D. Curious.
27. How is MSF different from other organizations according to Cameron
A. It has a lot of faithful donors. B. It involves many journalists.
C. It is operated by doctors themselves. D. It obtains funding from the government.
C
Dormice (睡鼠), which prefer to sleep in the holes of old trees, are losing their tree holes. Centuries of wood harvesting have exterminated many of dormice from countries such as Poland, Belarus, Latvia, and Lithuania. But one temporary solution is helping.
“We have to keep this connection between dormice and the forest,” says Tadas Bujanauskas, senior ecologist at Lithuania’s Neris Regional Park, “because if we let this go, it’s hard to get back.” Neris Regional Park’s dormouse nest box and conservation program began in 2005 as part of a sustainable forestry certification with the Forest Stewardship Council, based in Bonn, Germany. So far, park staff have installed 250 nest boxes throughout the park’s dense, old-growth oak forests.
A dormouse nest box resembles a standard birdhouse tied to a tree trunk. There’s enough space between the trunk and the entrance hole for the rodents, such as rabbits, to move in and out of their artificial lairs (巢穴), but so little that it’s difficult for predators such as owls to attack.
Best of all, nest boxes bring the previously mysterious creatures within reach for scientists. By placing cameras in nest boxes, researchers can check in on the animal whenever they want. As a result, they’ve logged all kinds of ecological data, such as sex, weight, birth rates, and diet of the houses’ inhabitants.
In addition to monitoring nest boxes, Bujanauskas and his colleagues seek out and protect individual trees that could provide habitat for dormice and other species in the future.
The U.K. has placed more than 26,000 nest boxes over 30 years to boost their hazel dormice population, which has fallen by 51 percent since 2000, according to Ian White, the dormouse training officer for the nonprofit People’s Trust For Endangered Species.
“Dormice are cute and they’re a nice animal to work with,” White says, “if we get the habitat right for them, it can actually benefit a broad range of other species.”
28. What does the underlined word “exterminated” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Wiped out. B. Popped up.
C. Let down. D. Put away.
29. What can we know about the dormouse nest boxes from the text
A. They are installed by ecologists.
B. The U.K. has the most nest boxes on earth.
C. They offered an easier way to study dormice.
D. Dormice take birdhouses as their own nest boxes.
30. What does White suggest in the last paragraph
A. Living in harmony with dormice. B. Protecting the habitat of dormice.
C. Installing more nest boxes for dormice. D. Finding places more suitable for dormice.
31. In which part of a newspaper is this text mostly from
A. Health and Lifestyle. B. Sports and Entertainment.
C. Nature and Science. D. Education and Art.
D
Astronauts floating around Earth might soon be able to make their own delicious, creamy breakfast. This is thanks to Australian high school students. They want to see if the astronauts can make yogurt in space!
Six students from Haileybury, a high school in Melbourne are participating in a program led by some scientists. They placed the bacteria (细菌) producing yogurt in a culture (培养菌) and packed 36 containers with frozen milk and the bacteria. Then, they sent the containers to the International Space Station (ISS), where the astronauts defrosted the frozen ingredients. These students are working with the scientists to study how bacteria react to microgravity, which is only a small part of the gravity we experience on Earth.
But how exactly do bacteria make yogurt It all starts with the bacteria that live in milk. These bacteria eat some of the sugar in milk and create a kind of acid, which makes the milk thick and creamy. This process is fermentation (发酵).
The astronauts will study these containers to see how yogurts change depending on the type of milk — either full cream cow’s milk or soy milk. They will also test different fermentation time — either 24, 48 or 72 hours.
When the yogurts come back to Earth, the students will analyze their nutrients. One Haileybury student, Chiara Sgroi said one goal of the experiment is to figure out which yogurt is the most nutritious. “We can even get to taste them, which is pretty exciting,” said Sgroi.
One day, we might be able to send astronauts with some frozen bacteria and milk. We hope that they can easily make healthful yogurt in space.
32. What will the students study in the program
A. What bacteria need to survive.
B. How bacteria react to microgravity.
C. Whether microgravity exists in space.
D. Why astronauts can’t make yogurt in space.
33. What do the astronauts need to make yogurt
A. Bacteria and cream. B. Milk and acid.
C. Cream and sugar. D. Bacteria and milk.
34. What may make Sgori excited a lot
A. Tasting the yogurts made in the ISS.
B. Making the most nutritious space yogurts.
C. Testing the yogurts in different temperatures.
D. Studying the nutrients of the yogurts in the ISS.
35. What might be the best title for the text
A. Students Observe the Change of Yogurt in Space
B. Students Send Bacteria into Space to Make Yogurt
C. Students Find a New Way to Make Healthy Yogurt
D. Students Make Good Yogurt for Astronauts in Space
答案：
辽宁省丹东市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题
21-23: BCA 24-27: DABC 28-31: DACA 32-35: BCDA
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了网站上的一些购书信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Have Knife, Will Travel的“A story of the development artificial joint replacement, and how a band of surgeons known as Traveling Road Show crisscrossed the world teaching this new technology to thousands of other surgeons.(这是一个关于人工关节置换术发展的故事，以及一群被称为旅行路演的外科医生如何在世界各地向成千上万的其他外科医生教授这项新技术。)”可知，Have Knife, Will Travel这本书与医学有关，那些对医学感兴趣的人会对这本书感兴趣，作者是Hugh Cameron。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The History of College Nicknames, Mascots and School Colors的“Hardback: $29.99; Paperback: $19.99; E-book: $3.99 (精装：$ 29.99；平装：$ 19.99；电子书：$ 3.99)”可知，精装版的价格为$29.99。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are some book purchase information on the website. (这是网站上的一些购书信息。)”可知，该文本最可能出现在推销书的网站上。故选A项。
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了母女二人收留了一个小浣熊，之后虽然放生，但是小浣熊留恋与母女在一起的日子，经常返回到母女二人的住处，她们之间建立了深厚的感情。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“She saved him and after a bunch of attempts at taking him to wildlife centers and vets, Nikki was disappointed in the lack of help. However, her mother Linda had experience in raising raccoons and after a little persuasion, took the little creature in. (她救了他，在多次尝试带他带到野生动物中心和兽医后，Nikki对缺乏帮助感到失望。然而，她的母亲琳达有养浣熊的经验，经过一番劝说，她收留了这个小家伙。)”可知，Nikki收养小浣熊的主要原因是难以找到合适的帮手，故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He would come back and ask for hugs, food, and just love. (他经常回来要拥抱、食物还有爱)”可知，小浣熊被放生后仍回来的原因是可以得到食物和爱，故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Linda would leave food out for him every night and sit outside on the porch swing before bed, waiting for his visit. ( Linda每天晚上都在外面放食物，并坐在门廊秋千上等着他的来访，直到去睡觉)”可知，Nikki母女非常热心且乐于助人，故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We share the planet with so many creatures that need to be respected. They are capable of complex social systems and emotions. (我们和如此多的需要被尊重的生物共同分享这个星球。他们能参与复杂的社会系统和情感)”。可知人们应该与其他生物和谐相处，故选C。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了是一款手游Mission to Mars AR，这款是一款基于手机AR先进技术的游戏，同时也是一款具有教育意义的游戏。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据首段中的“The creators of Mission to Mars AR meant it to be educational, with plenty of up-to-the-minute facts and figures about Mars exploration. (Mission to Mars AR的创建者希望它具有教育意义，其中包含大量有关火星探索的最新事实和数据。)”可知，该游戏中提供了很多的与火星发射相关的数据与事实，连词“But”说明划线短语所在句与上文之间是转折关系，一款手游拥有众多的火星发射数据与事实，且希望这款手游有教育意义，这会让玩家认为这是科普，而不是游戏，由此可猜测，该短语应为“望而却步”，即为“使其失去玩的勇气”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In that one, you could use your phone to send a virtual Saturn V rocket into space, and learn about the Apollo astronauts and their machines through more than a dozen interactive experiences.(在游戏中，你可以用手机将虚拟的土星五号火箭送入太空，并通过十几种互动体验了解阿波罗宇航员和他们的机器。)”可知，在游戏中可以体验发送火箭入太空。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Mission to Mars AR shows that the technology is capable of much more than just adding rabbit ears or cool sunglasses to your selfies (自拍). The app offers seven experiences, starting with an overview of Martian geography.(但Mission to Mars AR表明，这项技术的能力远不止在自拍中添加兔子耳朵或酷炫的太阳镜。该应用程序提供七种体验，首先是火星地理概述。)”可知，该手游中使用的AR技术比自拍相机中的AR技术先进，由此可推断，提到自拍是为了表明AR技术的进步。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“The creators of Mission to Mars AR meant it to be educational, with plenty of up-to-the-minute facts and figures about Mars exploration.( Mission to Mars AR的创建者希望它具有教育意义，其中包含大量有关火星探索的最新事实和数据。)”以及下文中对该手游的介绍可知，可以通过这款游戏了解火星的相关知识，所以本文主要是关于“一种很酷的了解火星的方法”。故选A项。
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，研究人员研究了解了鸟类饲养者的情绪和喂鸟的行为之间的联系，以及这将如何影响环境保护，以便保护鸟类。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“In the study, Dayer and her workmates made use of Project Feeder Watch, a citizen science program from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. The team sent an email to a subset of the project participants in all U.S. states and asked them questions about observations made at their feeders, how those observations made them feel and any management actions they took.(在这项研究中，Dayer和她的同事利用了Project Feeder Watch，这是康奈尔鸟类学实验室的一个公民科学项目。该团队向美国所有州的一部分项目参与者发送了电子邮件，询问他们在喂食器上的观察结果，这些观察结果给他们带来了什么感受，以及他们采取了哪些管理措施。)”可推断，这项研究是通过网上分析参与者进行的。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“People tended to scare off cats, move their feeders or provide shelter for birds when they spotted cats around their feeders.(当人们发现猫在喂食器附近时，他们倾向于吓跑猫，移动喂食器或为鸟类提供庇护。)”可知，关于喂食鸟类的那些人，研究者发现他们对喂食器附近的猫很生气。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Another thing they found surprising was the factors that impact people’s decisions about how much to feed birds. “Cold weather mattered more than what’s usually predictive of human behavior—time and money,” Dayer said. Feeding birds when it was colder outside was more important to the participants, which showed their commitment to bird feeding, despite the cost of bird food.(他们发现的另一件令人惊讶的事情是影响人们决定喂鸟多少鸟食物的因素。“寒冷的天气比通常预测人类行为的东西——时间和金钱更重要，”Dayer说。在室外更冷的时候喂鸟对参与者来说更重要，这表明他们对喂鸟的承诺，尽管鸟食的成本很高。)”可知，关于参与者让研究人员吃惊的是喂鸟的时候他们优先考虑寒冷的天气。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容““Being able to understand how people decide what to do and what effects these actions have on birds can help answer bird conservation questions and help bird conservation organizations work with people that feed birds to ensure their activity has the most benefit,” Dayer said.( Dayer说:“能够了解人们如何决定做什么，以及这些行动对鸟类有什么影响，可以帮助回答鸟类保护问题，并帮助鸟类保护组织与喂养鸟类的人合作，以确保他们的活动具有最大的效益。”)”可推断，研究喂鸟人的行为有助于保护鸟类。故选A。
辽宁省葫芦岛市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地新年庆祝活动形式，尤其是一些充满迷信的奇怪习惯。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In Finland, say tour guides, people pour melted (熔化的) lead into cold water to predict the year ahead from the shape the metal forms. (导游说，在芬兰，人们把融化的铅倒入冷水中，通过金属形状来预测来年。)”可知，芬兰的节日和金属有关，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“while in some countries of South America people put on brightly coloured underwear to attract fortune—red for love and yellow for financial success.(而在南美洲的一些国家，人们会穿上色彩鲜艳的内衣来招财——红色代表爱情，黄色代表经济上的成功。)”可知，有些南美人为了爱情穿红色内衣，故选D。
【3题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下一句“This is a holiday that is about celebration and letting go.(这是一个庆祝和放松的节日。) ” 可猜测“let off steam ”意思是放松，故选B。
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者后院的黑胡桃树给他带来困扰，但同时也让作者感到自然的生机。于是，作者学会包容接纳，享受与黑核桃树相伴的生活。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“falling fruits as hard as baseballs threaten the skulls (头骨) of you, your children, your neighbors and those that reside next door to them. (掉落的果实会和棒球一样坚硬，可能伤到你、孩子、邻居和那些住在隔壁的人的脑袋。)”可知，作者在果园里劳动时，会佩戴一个自行车头盔，是为了保护头部不会被树上掉落的坚硬果实砸伤，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The black walnut also releases a chemical substance through its roots as a competitive strategy. It’s poisonous to several common plants. (作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃也会通过根部释放一种化学物质。它对几种常见植物来说是有毒性的。)”可知，黑胡桃树的生存策略就是释放一种对其他一些常见植物物种有毒的物质，以独占生存资源。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less stress. (这个地区的原生植物通常很容易生长，所以它们承受的压力较小。)”可知，在这个果园中，黑胡桃树在与当地原生植物的生存竞争中并未占据优势，原生植物长势繁荣，这并非是作者对黑胡桃树又爱又恨的原因之一。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Have I thought of getting rid of this giant pain in my tiny backyard Yes, however, getting rid of this tree standing at 50 feet with an 87-inch trunk is next to impossible. (我有没有想过摆脱这个小小的后院的大麻烦吗？是的，然而，要摆脱这棵50英尺高、树干只有87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’m stuck with this tree, so I’ll listen to its needs and give it the space it requires. (我就与这棵树相伴，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。)”可知，作者从这棵树身上得到了这样启示：包容接纳，而非抗拒，会让生活更美好。故选D项。
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥委会确定奥运会比赛项目的程序及标准。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本段“It falls to the Executive Board of International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) to suggest which sports will be included and the rest of the IOC then votes according to a long list of standards:（由国际奥委会（IOC）执行委员会提出将包括哪些运动项目，然后由IOC其他成员根据一长串标准进行投票：） ”及后面的细节可知，本段主要介绍了奥运会项目的选择标准。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games saw the inclusion of skateboarding, surfboarding, sport climbing and karate, all of which were selected by the IOC for the first time ever.（2020年东京奥运会包括滑板、冲浪、运动攀岩和空手道，所有这些项目都是国际奥委会有史以来首次选定的。）”可知，2020年东京奥运会首次加入了滑板运动。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The IOC voted them out from London 2012 Olympic Games. Officials said that neither sport had global attraction. （国际奥委会投票决定他们退出2012年伦敦奥运会。官员们表示，这两项运动都没有全球吸引力。）”可知，baseball被砍掉的原因是它在全球的热度不够。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It falls to the Executive Board of International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) to suggest which sports will be included and the rest of the IOC then votes …（由国际奥委会（IOC）执行委员会提出将包括哪些运动项目，然后由IOC其他成员根据投票）”及最后一段“But it’s not just the IOC that has the say. The host city can also play a role in the decision, and push for a particular sport for the year that it is hosting.（但不仅仅是国际奥委会有发言权。主办城市也可以在决策中发挥作用，推动主办年份的特定体育项目。）”可推断，运动员很可能无权决定哪些项目可以进入奥运会。故选A。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过研究发现蚊子偏爱某些颜色，并以此探索驱散蚊子的办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The study found that after a common type of mosquitoes smelled CO2 the gas humans breathe out—they decided to land on some colored dots (色点) but ignored others.”（研究发现一种常见的蚊子在闻到人类呼出的二氧化碳的气味后，它们停留在一些色点上，而忽视了其他色点。）及第三段研究人员做的比喻“Here, we started to learn what visual elements that mosquitoes are looking for after smelling their own version of a bakery.”（现在，我们开始研究在蚊子闻到它们喜欢的烘焙食品的味道后会寻找什么视觉线索。）可知，对蚊子而言，人类呼出的二氧化碳就像是香甜的面包，会吸引它们。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段第三句“They also found that mosquitoes ignored green, blue and white. ”（他们也发现蚊子会忽视绿色，蓝色和白色的色点。）可知，这三种颜色无法引起蚊子的关注。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第六段第一句“We previously discovered there are three major hints that attract mosq