牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Fit for life阅读理解练习（含解析）考试试卷

Unit 3 Fit for Life
单元话题阅读理解练习
（2023春·江苏·高二江苏省奔牛高级中学校考阶段练习）It is easy to be doubtful about announcements of drugs that claim to slow the progress of Alzheimers, the most common form of dementia (痴呆). A new drug called Lecanemab, however, may be the real deal. Results of a clinical trial, conducted by its makers, Eisai, of Tokyo, and Biogen, of Cambridge Massachusetts, have just been announced in the New England Journal of Medicine (November; 2022). After18 months, it had slowed the progress of symptoms by a quarter.
The trial involved 1795 participants who were in the early stages of the illness. Half received the drug. The others, a placebo (安慰剂). It showed two things. One was the modest but measurable slowing of progression. The other was that an explanation of Alzheimers called the Amyloid Hypothesis seems correct.
Amyloid is a protein which accumulates (积累) in parts of the brains of those with Alzheimers, which is an established sign of the illness. Lecanemab, containing a special antibody, is found to be able to attach itself to amyloid and then attracts immune-system cells to clear the protein away (and measurably did so in those receiving the drug).That suggests amyloid does indeed directly create problems associated with dementia and that Lecanemab can slow down the development of the disease.
This is a small first step. Some experts question whether the test used to show an improvement in symptoms is clinically meaningful because amyloid can be detected only with the help of a piece of expensive equipment, which is not something that can easily be turned into a routine program. Moreover, Lecanemab also caused swelling and bleeding of the brain in a number of participants. Now that the new drug has been shown to work, it can be followed up with further tests. Hope for more good news soon.
1．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A．The public shows confidence in new drugs for Alzheimers.
B．The new drug had an obvious effect on the participants.
C．All participants didn’t receive the new drug.
D．It took 18 months to make the new drug.
2．The author explains the effectiveness of the new drug by ____.
A．illustrating how the drug interacts with amyloid in body
B．making comparisons between two groups of participants
C．describing how immune-system works in detail
D．quoting the comments of other scientists
3．Which of the following is a drawback of the new drug
A．It can’t be accessed easily in daily treatment.
B．It needs to be further tested before its launch.
C．It costs too much for ordinary families.
D．It can cause some side-effects.
4．What does the author think of Lecanemab
A．Reliable. B．Groundbreaking C．Promising D．Risky.
（2023春·江苏苏州·高二校联考阶段练习）U. S. teens spend more than eight hours a day on screens, and there’s growing concern over it. Now, a new study published by the American Psychological (心理的) Association, confirms that teens seem to feel better about themselves when they cut back.
“Social media can feel like a comparison trap (陷阱),” says study author Helen Thai, a doctoral student in psychology at McGill University. Her research found that limiting screen time to about one hour a day helped anxious teens and young adults feel better about their body image and their appearance. “What I noticed in social media was that I couldn’t help but compare myself.” Thai says. Reading posts from famous people and influencers, as well as people in her own social network, led to a lack of self-confidence.
So, Thai and a team of researchers decided to test whether reducing time on social media would improve body image. They gathered a few hundred volunteers, aged 17-25. all of whom had experienced symptoms (症状) of anxiety or depression — which could make them easily influenced by social media. Half of the volunteers were asked to reduce their social media to 60 minutes a day for three weeks. The other half continued to use social media with no limits.
The researchers gave the volunteers surveys at the beginning and end of the study, including statements such as “I’m pretty happy about the way I look,” and “I am satisfied with my weight.” Among the group that cut social media use, the overall score on appearance improved from 2.95 to 3.15 on a 5-point scale. The change may seem small, but any change in such a short period of time is worth noticing.
“It’s encouraging that college students were willing to cut back screen time, even for three weeks,” psychologist Andrea Graham says. While this study included people with symptoms of anxiety or depression, Graham says it’s worth applying this approach to other groups, such as people with eating problems.
5．What is the probable meaning of the underlined sentence in para 2
A．Teens are forced to post their own images on social media
B．Teens couldn’t help but spend too much time on social media
C．Teens tends to compare themselves with others on social media
D．Teens are fooled into believing false information on social media
6．How was the research conducted by Thai and a team of researchers
A．By listing numbers B．By giving examples
C．By making comparisons D．By analyzing causes and effects
7．What can we learn about the survey
A．The study included people with mental health and eating problems
B．There was little difference in appearance score between the two groups
C．College students were not willing to reduce screen time for more weeks
D．Cutting social media use makes a difference to teens’ opinion of their image
8．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage
A．Less screen time, more self-confidence B．Social media, a time bomb on your health
C．How to improve your image on social media D．Concern over social media addiction keeps growing
（2023春·江苏无锡·高二统考期末）The Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday proposed maximum limits for the amount of lead (铅) in baby foods, after years of studies revealed that many processed products contained levels known to pose a risk to baby health.
“This is really important progress for babies,” said Scott Faber, vice president of public affairs for the Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit organization that had advised the agency (机构) to take action to remove metals from foods. “We were thankful that F.D．A．has made reducing poisonous metals in baby food a priority (优先事项).”
The new limits, aimed at foods for children under 2, do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals. And they do not limit other metals, like cadmium, which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.
Jane Houlihan, research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures, a nonprofit, called the guidelines disappointing. “It doesn’t go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental (神经发育的) damage from lead exposures,” she said. “Lead is in almost every baby food we’ve tested, and the action levels that F.D．A．has set will influence almost none of that food.”
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said there is no safe level of lead for children, who more readily absorb the heavy metal.
The agency estimated that the proposed levels could reduce the dietary (饮食的) exposure to lead for some young children by about 25 percent. However, according to the F.D．A．, even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to “learning disabilities, behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q”.
Lead is everywhere in the environment from decades of uncontrolled use in gasoline for cars, farm machinery, aircraft and paint, said Tracey Woodruff, a scientist at the University of California.
Mr. Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food. “I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards,” he said.
9．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The purposes of the guidelines. B．The benefits of the guidelines.
C．The disadvantages of the guidelines. D．The functions of the guidelines.
10．Why does the guideline disappoint Jane Houlihan
A．It aims at all kinds of poisonous metals.
B．It only focuses on reducing the amount of lead.
C．It fails to protect children from lead exposures.
D．It encourages farmers to deal with snacks with heavy metals.
11．What damage can low levels of lead in baby foods cause to children
A．Mental diseases. B．Lowered E.Q.
C．Food poisoning. D．Learning difficulties.
12．Which of the following best describes Mr. Faber’s attitude towards the guideline
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Cautious. D．Unclear.
13．What change may the guideline bring directly according to the last paragraph
A．The way of farming. B．The lifestyle of the farmers.
C．The supplies of food. D．The management of the food companies.
（2023春·江苏扬州·高二统考期末）America has long been crazy about weight loss. New diets continue to come up; diet and exercise apps are on the rise. It’s no wonder more people are on diets now than were a decade ago and 4 out of 10 Americans consider themselves to be overweight.
While healthy eating and exercise are important to the length and quality of life, too many people think of weight loss pills as a shorter path to removing extra pounds instead of as a sometimes-useful tool for the individuals they’ve been approved for. There are actually many dangers connected with weight loss pills and it is not recommended that they be taken without seeking advice from the doctor.
For the right person, weight loss pills can be a helpful tool in weight management, but they are usually only suggested for people with extreme fatness and after other weight loss treatments such as diet and exercise have been put into one’s lifestyle first.
While there is no shortage in the number of weight loss pills on the market, only six drugs are currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration（FDA）for long-term use. All but one of these drugs work to either control hunger or to help one feel full after meals. Such FDA-approved drugs are intended to be used by people struggling with significant extra weight and not by anyone looking to drop a few pounds by chance.
For everyone else, a healthy diet and exercise is usually all that is recommended. It is accepted that we do need to pay much more attention to preventing weight problems early in life through healthy diets and regular physical activities, rather than waiting to respond to developed fatness and illnesses. That’s especially true when considering some risks of weight-loss drugs. They are recommended when the benefit of taking them to reduce weight is greater than the risk of side effects or other consequences of these medicines.
These medicines are best used with a complete diet and lifestyle program that can improve results, and when there is a doctor reviewing developing side effects to make adjustments to reduce risk.
14．What is people’s wrong idea about weight loss pills
A．They work faster than diet and exercise.
B．They probably do harm to people’s heath.
C．They are taken under doctor’s guidance.
D．They are unable to satisfy everyone’s needs.
15．What is true about weight loss pills on the market
A．Most pills meet the needs of overweight people.
B．The market is flooded with FDA-approved pills.
C．None of these drugs work by controlling hunger.
D．People should keep a sharp eye on their choices.
16．How should people take care of weight problems
A．Measures should be taken before the problems get worse.
B．Pills will do the trick if they win the favor of most people.
C．A healthy diet and exercise can solve any weight problem.
D．Medicines are recommended when they keep people slim.
17．What could be the best title for the text
A．Eager to lose weight B．FDA drugs for sale.
C．Weight-loss pills for all D．Efforts to fight fatness
（2023春·江苏盐城·高二统考期末）It’s hard to ignore the importance of sleep for our well-being. This is especially true for our children, says Rafael Pelayo, a sleep expert at the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center. Children who get insufficient sleep can become forgetful, have problems concentrating in school and studying, and have poorer immune function. They may even experience delayed growth. “Bone growth occurs when you’re sleeping,” says Pelayo. “From birth, sleep affects children’s bodies and brains.”
It’s probably not surprising, then, that sleep also affects mental health. “There is no mental health problem that doesn’t have a sleep element,” says Pelayo. For example, it’s well known that one of the signs of depression involves changes in sleep. Luckily, returning to a normal sleep pattern can help relieve depressive symptoms (症状), he says, stressing why treating sleep seriously could improve mental health. “Mental health and sleep impact each other,” says Pelayo.
While there are many benefits of having healthy sleep patterns, most kids don’t get enough sleep. As an example, Pelayo points to a time when his own child was in kindergarten, and the teacher assigned regular homework for her, which his daughter felt she needed to stay up late to finish. The same is true for older children — like teenagers — who are often assigned several hours of homework that keeps them up late studying. They may be unaware of how much sleep loss they are experiencing or how negatively it’s affecting them. But no one can sustain a loss of sleep over time, he adds.
What can we do to protect children’s sleep Pelayo says that while sleep is a biological necessity, sleep habits are learned. That’s where parents can play an important role. First, they need to understand the necessity of sleep and pay attention when their kids seem sleepy or have trouble getting up in the morning. Also, parents should try to role-model good sleep habits themselves, he says. Role modeling is much more effective than punishment, he suggests. “You can’t be smoking a cigarette and telling your kids not to smoke, right Parents have to model healthy behavior themselves,” he says.
18．What can be a possible consequence of children’s lack of sleep
A．The forgetfulness of everything. B．The stop of growth.
C．The collapse of immune system. D．The decline of school performance.
19．Why does the author mention “depression” in paragraph 2
A．To state people’s ignorance of sleep loss.
B．To stress the importance of mental health.
C．To display the consequences of mental problems.
D．To show the connection between sleep and mental health.
20．What does Pelayo think about his daughter’s regular homework in kindergarten
A．It affected his daughter’s sleep negatively.
B．It wasn’t beneficial to the studies of his daughter.
C．It helped his daughter form healthy sleep patterns.
D．It wasn’t helpful for his daughter to develop good learning habits.
21．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Good sleep habits are inborn for children.
B．Kids will definitely follow the example of their parents.
C．Parents can do much to help their kids form good sleep habits.
D．Punishment is an effective way to make kids get up early in the morning.
（2023·江苏南通·统考三模）Recognizing when a friend or colleague feels sad, angry or surprised is key to getting along with others. But a new study suggests that being sensitive to feelings may sometimes come with an extra dose of stress. This and other research challenge the prevailing view that emotional intelligence is uniformly beneficial to its bearer.
In a study, psychologists Myriam Bechtoldt of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management in Germany asked 166 male university students a series of questions to measure their emotional intelligence. For example, they showed the students photographs of people’s faces and asked them to what extent feelings such as happiness or disgust were being expressed. The students then had to give job talks in front of judges displaying serious facial expressions. The scientists measured concentrations of the stress hormone cortisol in the students’ saliva(唾液) before and after the talk.
In students who were rated more emotionally intelligent, the stress measures increased more during the experiment and took longer to go back to baseline. The findings suggest that some people may be too emotionally clever for their own good, says Bechtoldt. “Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble,” she notes.
Indeed, the study adds to previous research hinting at a darker side of emotional intelligence. A study published in 2002 in Personality and Individual Differences suggested that emotionally perceptive people might be particularly influenced by feelings of depression and hopelessness. Furthermore, several studies have implied that emotional intelligence can be used to control others for personal gains.
More research is needed to see how exactly the relation between emotional intelligence and stress would play out in women and in people of different ages and education levels. Nevertheless, emotional intelligence is a useful skill to have, as long as you learn to also properly deal with emotions—both others’ and your own, says Bechtoldt. For example, some sensitive individuals may assume responsibility for other people’s sadness or anger, which ultimately stresses them out. Remember, as Bechtoldt says, “you are not responsible for how other people feel.”
22．Why did Myriam Bechtoldt conduct the research
A．To challenge the public assumption.
B．To introduce measures to reduce stress.
C．To assess the impacts of being emotionally clever.
D．To demonstrate how to distinguish different feelings.
23．What does the finding indicate
A．Greater emotional cleverness brings a head start in one’s life.
B．People may suffer from having a high emotional intelligence.
C．People’s psychological well-being is related to various factors.
D．Emotional intelligence means an upper hand in job interviews.
24．What do we learn about emotional intelligence from a number of studies
A．Some people may take advantage of it and benefit themselves.
B．Some people may lack it and are easily influenced by others.
C．People suffering from depression are emotionally immature.
D．People who look at the dark side of life are often depressed.
25．What does the author suggest sensitive individuals do
A．Help people to deal with their troubles in life.
B．Learn to cope with people’s negative feelings.
C．Rid themselves of worries over worldly affairs.
D．Avoid burdening themselves with others’ feelings.
（2023春·江苏·高二校联考阶段练习）Speaking to The Guardian at the Third International Conference on Human genetic editing, Prof Jennifer Doudna, a 2020 Nobel chemistry prize winner, said, “We’ll definitely be seeing genetic therapies (治疗；疗法) for heart diseases, brain diseases, and eye conditions.” But she warned, “One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow.”
The technology can and will smooth the way for therapies for enhancing healthy humans, to make them faster, smarter, stronger, or more resistant to diseases, though enhancement would be more difficult than mending single faulty genes. According to the experts at the conference, including geneticists, public health researchers and philosophers, a wave of gene editing therapies were expected to reach clinics in the next five years or so. The therapies will correct disease-causing disorders in tissues and organs and become mature as researchers work out how to make multiple edits at once and reach difficult areas such as parts of the brain.
However, Doudna and the other experts also expressed their concern that the next generation of advanced genetic therapies raises serious issues that must be tackled to ensure the technology benefits patients and society. Prof Fran oise Baylis, a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population. Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.”
One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. After all, it is not technology itself but ways in which people employ it that decide the result.
26．Which is not considered as beneficial by Prof Jennifer Doudna
A．Gene editing for diseases in heart.
B．Gene editing for diseases in brain.
C．Gene editing for diseases in embryos.
D．Gene editing for diseases in eyes.
27．What can we infer in paragraph 2
A．Genetic therapies are more difficult than mending.
B．Society will benefit from genetic therapies entirely.
C．Genetic therapies have already reached some clinics.
D．All disorders can’t be corrected by genetic therapies.
28．What did Prof Fran oise Baylis and Prof Mayana Zatz agree on
A．Editing genes for improvement is unavoidable.
B．Editing genes for improvement is promising.
C．The cost of the new therapies would be too high.
D．Editing genes for improvement should carry on.
29．What is the attitude of most experts towards genetic therapies in the text
A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
（2023·江苏·校联考模拟预测）Every day on the respiratory (呼吸道) ward at one of Kyrgyzstan’s biggest hospitals, Aidai Temiraly kyzy, a 24-year-old nurse, puts on the music and leads her patients in the Kara Jorgo, the national dance of the central Asian country.
This involves a range of body movements and leaves everyone smiling — but Temiraly kyzy is not doing it for fun. The session is part of a treatment programme offered to people with COPD — a common, preventable and treatable lung condition.
COPD develops from midlife onwards; symptoms include breathlessness, a chronic cough, and tiredness. It is one of the top three causes of death worldwide, and 90% of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, there are 3 million deaths a year from COPD but this number is expected to rise to 5.4 million by 2060.
Treatment for COPD in many countries involves prescribing (开处方) oxygen, inhalers and antibiotics (抗生素), which patients have to buy. In Kyrgyzstan this can cost more than a monthly salary. Sooronbaev, director of the National Centre of Cardiology and his team started experimenting with pulmonary rehabilitation, a physical exercise programme designed in 2016 for people with lung conditions.
Over the years, the programme has expanded and now it is already in place in three hospitals. Added to lectures and patient support groups is a regime (体系) of physical exercise incorporating (融合) elements of volleyball, walking, cycling on exercise bikes and dance.
Dr. Azamat Akylbekov, a pulmonologist in Bishkek, has seen the transformative effect. “I remember one woman who was 63,” he says. “She cried because she had severe shortness of breath, coughed all the time and took a lot of strong antibiotics and inhalers. She was really depressed.”
She was invited to take part in the programme and the results surprised him. “Afterwards, she was like a flower — she smiled and her body language was more active. That sticks in my mind.”
Sooronbaev wants pulmonary rehabilitation to be available throughout the country from this year. Patients who have undergone the programme are being trained to teach others, and Sooronbaev and colleagues are due to speak at medical conferences to inform other healthcare professionals about their progress with the programme.
30．Why does the author mention Temiraly kyzy’s story
A．To show the hardship of being a nurse. B．To stress the significance of happiness.
C．To call on patients to dance to music. D．To introduce a new approach to COPD．
31．What does the data in Paragraph 3 indicate
A．The causes of COPD． B．The severity of COPD．
C．The distribution of COPD cases. D．The various symptoms of COPD．
32．What do we know about pulmonary rehabilitation
A．It has proved to be effective. B．It needs more tests on patients.
C．It is a heavy cost to COPD patients. D．It is widely practiced in Kyrgyzstan.
33．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The programme will be extended.
B．The programme will be difficult to practice.
C．The programme is being taught in schools.
D．The programme lacks professional support.
（2023·江苏连云港·统考模拟预测）Hybrid workers take more exercise, get more sleep and eat healthier, according to a study conducted by IWG, a workspace provider.
A survey of 2,000 people who have become hybrid workers since the pandemic—meaning they spend only part of their week commuting (通勤) into a city-centre office—found that they now had more time for fitness, cooking and sleep.
Dr Sara Kayat, a General Practitioner (普通科医生) of National Health Service, said: “There is no doubt that hybrid working has facilitated some major health benefits. A balanced diet, physical activity and good quality sleep are the bedrocks of a healthy lifestyle.”
The study included people using local working centers and working from home. It found that the average hybrid worker was now getting 4.7 hours of exercise a week, compared with 3.4 hours before the pandemic, with the most common forms of exercise being walking, running and strength training.
They are also sleeping longer, with the additional time in bed each morning adding up to 71 extra hours a year.
Eating habits also reportedly improved, with 54 per cent saying they had more time to spend cooking nutritious meals during the week, and 46 per cent and 44 per cent eating more fruit and vegetables respectively.
Some 27 per cent said they had lost weight, and 66 per cent said their mental health was good because of the shift to hybrid working.
IWG said that demand for its workspaces outside city centres had grown by 36 per cent in 2022. Mark Dixon the company’s chief executive, said: “This study confirms what we have been seeing for a while now—how hybrid working is building and maintaining a healthier and happier workforce by reducing the need for long daily commutes.”
34．What does the underlined word “bedrock” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Methods. B．Results. C．Foundations. D．Obstacles.
35．What benefits does hybrid working bring according to the study
A．Twice as much exercise as before. B．71 hours of extra sleeping time monthly.
C．2/3 workers’ mental health getting improved. D．Half workers’ weight loss with a balanced diet.
36．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Hybrid working no longer requires a commute.
B．Hybrid working has become increasingly popular.
C．IWG will relocate its workspaces outside the city centre.
D．IWG doesn’t welcome the changes caused by hybrid working.
37．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Hybrid working, flexible working hours B．Hybrid workers, fitter and much happier
C．Hybrid working, higher working efficiency D．Hybrid workers, lazier but more productive
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们很容易对那些宣称可以减缓阿尔茨海默氏症（老年痴呆症中最常见的一种）病情发展的药物表示怀疑。然而，一种名为Lecanemab的新药可能是真正的药物。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The trial involved 1795 participants who were in the early stages of the illness. Half received the drug The others, a placebo. It showed two things. One was the modest but measurable slowing of progression. The other was that an explanation of Alzheimers called the Amyloid Hypothesis seems correct.”（该试验涉及1795名处于疾病早期阶段的参与者。一半人服用药物，另一半人服用安慰剂。这说明了两件事。其中之一是缓慢但可测量的进展。另一个是对阿尔茨海默症的一种解释叫做淀粉样蛋白假说似乎是正确的。）可知，我们可以从前两段中了解到并非所有参与者都服用了这种新药。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Amyloid is a protein which accumulates in parts of the brains of those with Alzheimers, which is an established sign of the illness. Lecanemab, containing a special antibody, is found to be able to attach itself to amyloid and then attracts immune-system cells to clear the protein away (and measurably did so in those receiving the drug). That suggests amyloid does indeed directly create problems associated with dementia and that Lecanemab can slow down the development of the disease.”（淀粉样蛋白是阿尔茨海默氏症患者大脑中积聚的一种蛋白质，这是该疾病的一个明确迹象。Lecanemab含有一种特殊的抗体，被发现能够附着在淀粉样蛋白上，然后吸引免疫系统细胞将蛋白质清除掉(在接受该药物的患者中确实如此)。这表明淀粉样蛋白确实会直接导致与痴呆症相关的问题，而Lecanemab可以减缓疾病的发展。）可知，作者通过说明药物与体内淀粉样蛋白的相互作用来说明新药的有效性。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Moreover, Lecanemab also caused swelling and bleeding of the brain in a number of participants.”（此外，Lecanemab还导致一些参与者大脑肿胀和出血。）可知，会引起一些副作用是新药的缺点。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now that the new drug has been shown to work, it can be followed up with further tests. Hope for more good news soon.”（既然这种新药已被证明有效，就可以进行进一步的试验了。希望很快会有更多的好消息。）可推知，作者认为Lecanemab是有希望的。故选C。
5．C 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现减少社交媒体的使用会让青少年对自己感觉更好，文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及意义。
5．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Her research found that limiting screen time to about one hour a day helped anxious teens and young adults feel better about their body image and their appearance. “What I noticed in social media was that I couldn’t help but compare myself.” Thai says.(她的研究发现，将每天看屏幕的时间限制在一小时左右，有助于焦虑的青少年和年轻人对自己的身体形象和外表感觉更好。“我在社交媒体上注意到的是，我忍不住拿自己做比较。”Thai说)”可知，后文指出青少年喜欢在社交媒体上和他人比较，故划线句子意思是“青少年倾向于在社交媒体上与他人比较”。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Half of the volunteers were asked to reduce their social media to 60 minutes a day for three weeks. The other half continued to use social media with no limits.(一半的志愿者被要求在三周内将每天使用社交媒体的时间减少到60分钟。另一半继续无限制地使用社交媒体)”以及倒数第二段“The researchers gave the volunteers surveys at the beginning and end of the study, including statements such as “I’m pretty happy about the way I look,” and “I am satisfied with my weight.” Among the group that cut social media use, the overall score on appearance improved from 2.95 to 3.15 on a 5-point scale.(研究人员在研究开始和结束时对志愿者进行了调查，包括“我对自己的长相很满意”和“我对自己的体重很满意”等陈述。在减少社交媒体使用的小组中，外表的总分从2.95分提高到3.15分（满分为5分）)”可知，Thai和一组研究人员的研究是通过比较进行的。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers gave the volunteers surveys at the beginning and end of the study, including statements such as “I’m pretty happy about the way I look,” and “I am satisfied with my weight.” Among the group that cut social media use, the overall score on appearance improved from 2.95 to 3.15 on a 5-point scale.(研究人员在研究开始和结束时对志愿者进行了调查，包括“我对自己的长相很满意”和“我对自己的体重很满意”等陈述。在减少社交媒体使用的小组中，外表的总分从2.95分提高到3.15分（满分为5分）)”可知，减少社交媒体的使用会改变青少年对自己形象的看法。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“U. S. teens spend more than eight hours a day on screens, and there’s growing concern over it. Now, a new study published by the American Psychological (心理的) Association, confirms that teens seem to feel better about themselves when they cut back.(美国青少年每天花在屏幕上的时间超过8小时，这引起了越来越多的关注。现在，美国心理学协会发表的一项新研究证实，青少年在减少屏幕时间的时候似乎感觉更好)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现减少社交媒体的使用会让青少年对自己感觉更好，文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及意义。由此可知，A选项“少看屏幕，更自信”最符合文章标题。故选A。
9．C 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国食品和药物管理局提出了婴儿食品中铅的最高限量，但人们对该指导方针看法不一。
9．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The new limits, aimed at foods for children under 2, do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals. And they do not limit other metals, like cadmium, which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.（新的限制针对的是两岁以下儿童的食品，不包括谷物零食，这些零食也被发现含有高浓度的重金属。此外，它们也不限制镉等其他金属，该机构和许多消费者团体在前几年就在婴儿食品中发现了镉）”可知，第三段指出了该指导方针的缺点。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“It doesn’t go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental (神经发育的) damage from lead exposures（它不足以保护婴儿免受铅暴露造成的神经发育损伤）”和“Lead is in almost every baby food we’ve tested, and the action levels that F.D.A. has set will influence almost none of that food.（我们测试过的几乎所有婴儿食品都含有铅，而F.D.A.设定的行动水平几乎不会影响到这些食品）”可知，Jane Houlihan之所以对指南失望，是因为它没能保护儿童免受铅接触。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, according to the F.D.A., even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to ‘learning disabilities, behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q’.（然而，根据F.D.A.的说法，即使儿童接触的铅含量很低，也会导致“学习障碍、行为困难和智商下降”）”可知，婴儿食品中含铅量低会导致儿童学习困难。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food.（ 费伯说，新的指导方针将促使食品公司鼓励供应商改变他们的耕作方式，以降低食品中的铅含量。）”可知，费伯先生对指导方针的态度是“积极的”。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards,（ 我认为，过去的历史表明，农民和食品公司能够很快改变他们种植和加工这些成分的方式，以满足更严格的标准）”可知，指导方针可能直接带来“耕种方式”的变化。故选A。
14．A 15．D 16．A 17．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述美国很多想减肥的人使用吃减肥药的方法来达到减肥目的，但是减肥药并不是适合所有人。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“While healthy eating and exercise are important to the length and quality of life, too many people think of weight loss pills as a shorter path to removing extra pounds instead of as a sometimes-useful tool for the individuals they’ve been approved for. (虽然健康的饮食和锻炼对寿命和质量很重要，但太多人认为减肥药是一种较短的减肥途径，而不是一种有时对被批准的人有用的工具。)”可知，大多数人认为减肥药比健康的饮食和锻炼的减肥效果快。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段“For the right person, weight loss pills can be a helpful tool in weight management, but they are usually only suggested for people with extreme fatness and after other weight loss treatments such as diet and exercise have been put into one’s lifestyle first. (对于合适的人来说，减肥药可能是一种有助于体重管理的工具，但通常只建议极端肥胖的人服用，以及在将饮食和锻炼等其他减肥治疗首先纳入生活方式后服用。)”和第四段“Such FDA-approved drugs are intended to be used by people struggling with significant extra weight and not by anyone looking to drop a few pounds by chance.(这类经美国食品药品监督管理局批准的药物旨在供那些体重严重增加的人使用，而不是供那些希望偶然减掉几磅的人使用。)”可知，人们选择市场上的减肥药的时候要慎重。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据第五段“It is accepted that we do need to pay much more attention to preventing weight problems early in life through healthy diets and regular physical activities, rather than waiting to respond to developed fatness and illnesses. (人们普遍认为，我们确实需要在生命早期通过健康饮食和定期体育活动来更多地注意预防体重问题，而不是等待对肥胖和疾病的反应。)”可知，人们应该在肥胖和疾病的反应出现之前就采取措施处理体重问题。故选A。
17．主旨大意题。根据第一段“America has long been crazy about weight loss. New diets continue to come up; diet and exercise apps are on the rise. It’s no wonder more people are on diets now than were a decade ago and 4 out of 10 Americans consider themselves to be overweight.(美国长期以来一直热衷于减肥。新的饮食方式不断出现；减肥和锻炼应用程序正在兴起。难怪现在节食的人比十年前多，十分之四的美国人认为自己超重。)”， 第三段“For the right person, weight loss pills can be a helpful tool in weight management, but they are usually only suggested for people with extreme fatness and after other weight loss treatments such as diet and exercise have been put into one’s lifestyle first. (对于合适的人来说，减肥药可能是一种有助于体重管理的工具，但通常只建议极端肥胖的人服用，以及在将饮食和锻炼等其他减肥治疗首先纳入生活方式后服用。)”和第四段“Such FDA-approved drugs are intended to be used by people struggling with significant extra weight and not by anyone looking to drop a few pounds by chance.(这类经美国食品药品监督管理局批准的药物旨在供那些体重严重增加的人使用，而不是供那些希望偶然减掉几磅的人使用。)”可知，这篇文章是围绕哪些人适合吃减肥药展开讨论的，C项“ 减肥药适合所有人吗？”适合做文章标题。故选C。
18．D 19．D 20．A 21．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠不足的孩子会变得健忘，在学校和学习中注意力不集中，免疫功能较差。他们甚至可能经历发育延迟，同时睡眠也会影响心理健康。如今，孩子家庭作业很多，这导致他们睡眠不足，为此父母可以做很多事情来帮助孩子养成良好的睡眠习惯。
18．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Children who get insufficient sleep can become forgetful, have problems concentrating in school and studying, and have poorer immune function. They may even experience delayed growth.(睡眠不足的孩子会变得健忘，在学校和学习中注意力不集中，免疫功能较差。他们甚至可能经历发育延迟)”可知，孩子们睡眠不足可能导致学生在学校和学习中注意力不集中，进而导致学生在学校的表现不好，其他选项“对一切遗忘”“停止发育”和“免疫系统的崩溃”都太绝对，不合文意，故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It’s probably not surprising, then, that sleep also affects mental health. “There is no mental health problem that doesn’t have a sleep element,” says Pelayo. For example, it’s well known that one of the signs of depression involves changes in sleep.(因此，睡眠也会影响心理健康，这可能并不奇怪。佩拉约说：“没有一个心理健康问题没有睡眠因素。”例如，众所周知，抑郁症的症状之一涉及睡眠的变化)”可推知，作者在第二段举抑郁症的例子是为了展示睡眠与心理健康之间的联系。故选D。
20．推理判断题。根据第三段中“While there are many benefits of having healthy sleep patterns, most kids don’t get enough sleep. As an example, Pelayo points to a time when his own child was in kindergarten, and the teacher assigned regular homework for her, which his daughter felt she needed to stay up late to finish. (虽然健康的睡眠模式有很多好处，但大多数孩子睡眠不足。例如，Pelayo指出，有一次他自己的孩子在幼儿园，老师给她布置了定期的家庭作业，他的女儿觉得她需要熬夜才能完成 )”和“They may be unaware of how much sleep loss they are experiencing or how negatively it’s affecting them. But no one can sustain a loss of sleep over time, he adds.(他们可能没有意识到自己正在经历多少睡眠不足，也没有意识到这对他们的负面影响。但他补充道，没有人能长期失眠)”可推知，Pelayo认为女儿的定期家庭作业到女儿产生了负面影响，故选A。
21．推理判断题，根据最后一段中“That’s where parents can play an important role. First, they need to understand the necessity of sleep and pay attention when their kids seem sleepy or have trouble getting up in the morning. Also, parents should try to role-model good sleep habits themselves, he says.(这就是父母可以发挥重要作用的地方。首先，他们需要了解睡眠的必要性，并在孩子早上看起来昏昏欲睡或起床困难时注意。此外，他说，父母应该努力成为良好睡眠习惯的榜样)”可推知，父母可以做很多事情来帮助孩子养成良好的睡眠习惯。故选C。
22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当朋友或同事感到悲伤、愤怒或惊讶时，意识到这一点是与他人相处的关键。但一项新的研究表明，对感情敏感有时可能会带来额外的压力。这一研究和其他研究挑战了普遍的观点，即情商对其持有者总是有利的。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This and other research challenge the prevailing view that emotional intelligence is uniformly beneficial to its bearer.”（这一研究和其他研究挑战了普遍的观点，即情商对其持有者总是有利的。）以及第二段“In a study, psychologists Myriam Bechtoldt of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management in Germany asked 166 male university students a series of questions to measure their emotional intelligence. For example, they showed the students photographs of people’s faces and asked them to what extent feelings such as happiness or disgust were being expressed. The students then had to give job talks in front of judges displaying serious facial expressions. The scientists measured concentrations of the stress hormone cortisol in the students’ saliva(唾液) before and after the talk.”（在一项研究中，德国法兰克福金融管理学院的心理学家米里亚姆·贝克托尔特(Myriam Bechtoldt)向166名男性大学生提出了一系列问题，以衡量他们的情商。例如，他们向学生们展示人们的面部照片，并询问他们在多大程度上表达了快乐或厌恶等情绪。然后，学生们必须在评委面前进行工作演讲，并表现出严肃的面部表情。科学家们在演讲前后测量了学生唾液中压力荷尔蒙皮质醇的浓度。）可知，Myriam Bechtoldt要进行这项研究是为了评估情商高的影响。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段“In students who were rated more emotionally intelligent, the stress measures increased more during the experiment and took longer to go back to baseline. The findings suggest that some people may be too emotionally clever for their own good, says Bechtoldt. “Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble,” she notes.”（在那些被评为情商更高的学生中，压力测量在实验中增加得更多，需要更长的时间才能回到基线。Bechtoldt说，研究结果表明，有些人可能在情感上过于聪明，而不利于自己。她指出：“有时候，你在某件事上太擅长了，反而会带来麻烦。）可知，这一发现说明了人们可能会因为高情商而受苦。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Furthermore, several studies have implied that emotional intelligence can be used to control others for personal gains.”（此外，一些研究表明，情商可以用来控制他人以获取个人利益。）可知，从一系列的研究中，我们对情商可以了解到，有些人可能会利用它，使自己受益。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For example, some sensitive individuals may assume responsibility for other people’s sadness or anger, which ultimately stresses them out. Remember, as Bechtoldt says, “you are not responsible for how other people feel.””（例如，一些敏感的人可能会为别人的悲伤或愤怒承担责任，这最终会让他们感到压力。记住，正如贝克托尔德所说，“你不必为别人的感受负责。”）可知，作者建议敏感的人不要让别人的感受成为自己的负担。故选D项。
26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了胚胎基因编辑以增强基因的技术。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow. (最具风险的和最现实的可能性之一是，胚胎基因编辑的试验可能会随之而来。)”可知，随之而来的胚胎基因编辑的试验存在风险，因此推测Jennifer Doudna认为基因编辑并非有益的。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The therapies will correct disease-causing disorders in tissues and organs and become mature as researchers work out how to make multiple edits at once and reach difficult areas such as parts of the brain. (这些疗法将纠正组织和器官中的致病性疾病，并随着研究人员研究如何一次进行多次编辑并到达大脑等困难区域而变得成熟。)”可知，这些疗法能纠正组织和器官中的致病性疾病，但并非所以的疾病都能被纠正。故选D项。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段二三句“Prof Fran oise Baylis, a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population. Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.” (加拿大达尔豪斯大学的哲学家Fran oise Baylis教授担心，除了基因增强的确切迹象即将到来之外，新疗法的成本对全球大部分人口来说太高了。巴西圣保罗大学的Mayana Zatz教授表示，她反对为了改善而编辑基因，但她补充道，“总会有人准备在私人诊所为此买单，这很难停止。”)”可知，这两位教授都在担心编辑基因达到基因增强这件事的发生，即他们都认为这件事情即将到来，不可避免。故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. (几乎所有专家都得出了一个结论，即尽管所有这些潜在的问题和风险确实存在，但未来肯定会充满希望。)”可知，对于基因疗法，多数专家既认同存在潜在风险，也能看到未来的希望，即他们对这件事情的态度是客观的。故选A项。
30．D 31．B 32．A 33．A
【导语】本篇是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了塔吉克斯坦一家医院的呼吸病康复健身操的情况。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段“The session is part of a treatment programme offered to people with COPD — a common, preventable and treatable lung condition. (该课程是为慢性阻塞性肺病患者提供的治疗计划的一部分，慢性阻塞性肺病是一种常见的、可预防和可治疗的肺部疾病)”可推知，作者提到了特米拉·凯兹的故事是为了介绍一种治疗慢性阻塞性肺病的新方法。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段“It is one of the top three causes of death worldwide, and 90% of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, there are 3 million deaths a year from COPD but this number is expected to rise to 5.4 million by 2060. (它是全球三大死亡原因之一，90%的死亡发生在中低收入国家。在全球范围内，每年有300万人死于慢性阻塞性肺病，但预计到2060年，这一数字将上升到540万)”可推知，第三段的数据表明了慢性阻塞性肺病在全球的严重程度。故选B项。
32．推理判断题。根据第七段“She was invited to take part in the programme and the results surprised him. “Afterwards, she was like a flower — she smiled and her body language was more active. That sticks in my mind.” (她被邀请参加这个节目，结果让他大吃一惊。“后来，她就像一朵花——她笑了，肢体语言也更活跃了。这一直萦绕在我的脑海中。”)”可知，肺部康复训练使病人心情愉快了同时肢体语言也更活跃了。由此推知，肺部康复已被证明是有效的。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sooronbaev wants pulmonary rehabilitation to be available throughout the country from this year. Patients who have undergone the programme are being trained to teach others, and Sooronbaev and colleagues are due to speak at medical conferences to inform other healthcare professionals about their progress with the programme. (Soolonbaev希望从今年开始在全国范围内提供肺部康复服务。接受过该项目的患者正在接受教育他人的培训，Soolonbaev及其同事将在医学会议上发言，向其他医疗专业人员通报他们在该项目方面的进展)”可知，Soolonbaev及其同事们与接受过该项目的患者们都在推广这项康复服务。由此推知，该项目在规模和范围上将会被扩大。故选A项。
34．C 35．C 36．B 37．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了采用混合型工作制的员工锻炼更多、睡眠更多、饮食更健康，文章介绍了相关的调查以及结果。
34．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A balanced diet, physical activity and good quality sleep are the”以及后文“a healthy lifestyle”并结合常识可知，均衡的饮食、体育锻炼和高质量的睡眠是健康生活方式的基础。故划线词意思是“基础”。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Some 27 per cent said they had lost weight, and 66 per cent said their mental health was good because of the shift to hybrid working.(大约27%的人说他们的体重减轻了，66%的人说他们的心理健康状况良好，因为他们转向了混合工作)”可知，根据这项研究，混合工作带来了的好处是三分之二的职工心理健康状况得到改善。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据最后一段“IWG said that demand for its workspaces outside city centres had grown by 36 per cent in 2022. Mark Dixon the company’s chief executive, said: “This study confirms what we have been seeing for a while now—how hybrid working is building and maintaining a healthier and happier workforce by reducing the need for long daily commutes.”(IWG表示，2022年，对其市中心以外工作空间的需求增长了36%。该公司首席执行官Mark Dixon说：“这项研究证实了我们一段时间以来所看到的——混合工作是如何通过减少每天长时间通勤的需要来建立和维持一支更健康、更快乐的员工队伍的。”)”可知，混合式工作越来越受欢迎。故选B。
37．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hybrid workers take more exercise, get more sleep and eat healthier, according to a study conducted by IWG, a workspace provider.(工作场所提供商IWG开展的一项研究显示，混合型员工锻炼更多、睡眠更多、饮食更健康)”以及最后一段“Mark Dixon the company’s chief executive, said: “This study confirms what we have been seeing for a while no—how hybrid working is building and maintaining a healthier and happier workforce by reducing the need for long daily commutes.”(该公司首席执行官Mark Dixon说：“这项研究证实了我们一段时间以来所看到的——混合工作是如何通过减少每天长时间通勤的需要来建立和维持一支更健康、更快乐的员工队伍的。”)”可知，文章主要介绍采用混合型工作制的员工锻炼更多、睡眠更多、饮食更健康。故B选项“混合型工作制工人，更健康，更快乐”最符合文章标题。故选B。