2023-2024福建省福州重点中学高三上学期10月月考英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）考试试卷

福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三第一次阶段考试
英语科试卷
完卷时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分
Ⅰ卷(选择题)(满分95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案：C
1. Why does the woman have to change her flight
A. Her father is ill. B. Her flight has been canceled.
C. She suffers from a heart attack.
2. How much is Jack’s new jacket
A. $100. B. $130. C. $140.
3. Who is probably available for the meeting tomorrow
A. Sophie. B. Peter. C. James.
4. What is Hailee going to do this afternoon
A. Take part in an activity. B. Hang out with Alex. C. Prepare for an exam.
5. How many languages are there in Google Translate
A. 133. B. 157. C. 300.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does Nick probably want to talk with at first
A. Miss Brown. B. Mr. Hunter C. Mrs. Collins.
7. When will the speakers meet
A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 2:15 pm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
8. What job may the man want
A. A waiter. B. A science tutor. C. A lab assistant.
9. Where can the man get information about the jobs
A. From his teachers. B. In his school lab. C. On the university website.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10. What happened to the man on his journey
A. He was late arriving.
B. He couldn’t find his bags.
C. He lost his way to the destination.
11. How long has the man been traveling
A. For 17 hours. B. For 20 hours. C. For 24 hours.
12. Why did the hotel change the man’s room
A. He paid to have a better room.
B. The hotel has made a mistake.
C. He has experienced a tough time.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who might the woman be
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s neighbor. C. The man’s landlady.
14. What does the woman think of Leo Norris
A. Lazy. B. Competitive. C. Amusing.
15. When does Leo Norris want to move in
A. On September 28th. B. On September 30th. C. On October 1st.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man likes cycling very much.
B. The woman never gets up until noon on weekends.
C. Leo Norris made a good impression on the woman.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a clinic. B. At a school. C. At an office.
18. What’s the matter with the man now
A. He has a bad headache.
B. He has a stomachache.
C. He has a skin problem.
19. Who recommended the man try traditional Chinese medicine
A. His doctor. B. His friend. C. His mother.
20. What helped the woman improve her problems
A. A special tea. B. A face wash. C. Some pills.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读A、B、C共3篇(共11小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分);
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun！
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
·Performance
·Documentary(纪实作品)
·Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation(such as a video, slide show, or computer project)no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script(剧本), or documentary highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7：00A. M.—9：00 A. M Participants signing in at the gym
10：00A. M.—6：00 P. M. Competition and judges’ review
7：00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
1. According to Paragraph 1, what is the major goal of understanding history
A. To preserve national traditions.
B. To prepare for a history competition.
C. To better know the present and future.
D. To further explore historical mysteries.
2 What is the theme of this year’s competition
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts with technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
3. Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are ________.
A. special clothes and a screen
B. a desktop computer and a CD
C. a projector and special clothes
D. a desktop computer and loudspeakers
4. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement
A. Include more information in the essay.
B. Remove the references.
C. Provide a cover for the essay.
D. Explain the details with illustrations.
5. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A Preview performances and documentaries.
B. Make comments on the materials.
C. Improve the participant’s first draft.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
B
A trial project by the Montreal Children’s Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis (催眠) can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.
“During the examination children don’t move. It works perfectly. It’s amazing,” said Johanne L’Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia (麻醉).
A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist-was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children’s hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified (改变) state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state-an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
“The technologist must build up a story with the patient,” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. “The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports Do you like going to the beach We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure”.
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story-an injection(注射) becomes the bite of an insect: the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient’s body with what the patient sees in his head.” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. “It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness.”
“The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists,” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
6. One of the results produced by the trail project is ______.
A. less use of certain medicines B. a better understanding of children
C. new medical-imaging technology D. an improved reputation of the hospital
7. According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by ______.
A. creating a perfect world for patients B. forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C. putting patients into an unconscious state D. leading patients’ consciousness away from reality
8. What can we learn about the story used in the procedure
A. It is selected by the technologist. B. It reflects the patient’s creativity.
C. It should keep pace with the procedure. D. It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
9. The procedure was received among the staff with ______.
A. uncertainty B. enthusiasm C. worry D. criticism
10. What is the passage mainly about
A. An easy way to communicate with patients.
B. The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C. An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D. The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
C
How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work What makes the populations of different species the way they are Why are there so many flies and so few wolves To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
11. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs
A. The living habits of species in food webs.
B The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
12. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A. has a wide food choice
B. can easily find new prey
C. sticks to one prey species
D. can quickly move to another place
13. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline
A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.
B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.
C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.
D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.
14. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4
A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.
B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.
C. Species of commercial value dominate other species.
D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.
15. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance
A. By getting illegal practices under control.
B. By stopping us from killing large predators.
C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.
D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.
第二节：阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分);
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___16___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___17___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___18___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___19___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___20___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分３０分)
第一节：阅读完形(共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分);
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A mistake made six years ago has turned into a holiday tradition. A grandmother who mistakenly ____21____ a stranger to attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner in 2016 ended up making a ____22____, and now the pair have ____23____ the holiday together every year since. This year is no exception.
In 2016, Wanda Dench tried to text her grandson about the family’s Thanksgiving dinner plans, but she ____24____ added a stranger to the message. Jamal Hinton was on the receiving end of the holiday text and jokingly accepted her ____25____.
“You’re not my grandma,” Hinton wrote back, including a selfie to ____26____ he was not the grandson Dench thought she was texting. “Can I still get a plate though ”
Dench, ever the ____27____ grandmother, replied, “Of course you can. That’s what Grandmas do… ____28____ everyone.” Hinton posted about the funny mix-up and it went viral (疯传). And on Thanksgiving day, he ____29____ drove from Tempe, Arizona to Mesa to _____30_____ the Dench family for the holiday. And every year since, Hinton and Dench have got together for the holiday.
In 2020, he informed followers of some sad news—Dench’s husband, Lonnie, had died from COVID-19. So last Thanksgiving, _____31_____ Lonnie, the family held a small, pared-down (精简的) _____32_____the day after the holiday to keep the _____33_____ alive.
This year, Hinton tweeted, “We are all set for year 6!”, _____34_____ a screenshot of their text exchange as usual. Dench’s name is saved in his phone as “Grandma Wanda”. The story of _____35_____ went viral again—spreading some holiday cheer on social media.
21. A. reminded B. invited C. forced D. allowed
22. A. friend B. deal C. decision D. story
23. A. planned B. organized C. celebrated D. booked
24. A. carefully B. purposefully C. secretly D. accidentally
25. A. gift B. idea C. offer D. apology
26. A. argue B. pretend C. show D. announce
27. A. generous B. strict C. patient D. caring
28. A. forgive B. feed C. remember D. understand
29. A. casually B. hardly C. nearly D. actually
30. A. disturb B. join C. greet D. congratulate
31. A. in honor of B. in search of C. in praise of D. in place of
32. A. conversation B. conference C. competition D. gathering
33. A. mistake B. news C. tradition D. holiday
34. A. taking B. enjoying C. collecting D. sharing
35. A. honesty B. kindness C. generosity D. toughness
Ⅱ卷(非选择题)(满分55分)
第二节：根据课文内容完成句子。(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
36. 我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。
I ______ ______ ______ this blog ______ ______ my experiences and what I learn
37. 它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被俗称为“down under”.
______ ______ the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally ______ ______ ______ “down under”.
38. 少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。
... minority cultures have also ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences ______ by immigrants.
39. 据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外要么父母出生于海外。
______ ______ ______ ______ now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas
40. 我迫不及待想见到所有这一切!
I ______ ______ ______ ______ all of them!
41. 对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。
______ ______, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
42. 他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。
They have a ______ and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me ______ ______ ______ wherever I went.
43. 在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号：“澳大利亚无与伦比。”(澳视群雄)
After experiencing Australia, I have ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the tourism slogan: “There’s nothing like Australia”
44. 在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路后来就是闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。
In ancient times, silk from China ______ ______ ______ overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along ______ ______ ______ as the Silk Road.
45. 以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。
A trading route across the sea was also ______ ______ the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centered around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
46. 在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to ______ ______ ______, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
47. 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。
______ ______ ______ across the sea remains ______ ______ ______ today.
48. 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
The aim of this initiative is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ across the historic Silk Road areas, and ______ ______ ______ between China and the rest of the world.
49. 近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。
Trading ______ ______ greatly in recent years, and will ______ ______ ______ so in years to come.
50. 中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area ______ ______ ______ ______ future trade and cultural exchange.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分４０分)
第一节 应用文(满分 15分)
51. 调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：
1．说明写信目的;
2．简述江豚现状;
3．希望WWF 如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)
4．表示感谢并期待回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Fujian, China. I’m writing to call your attention to the danger finless poprises are currently in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pam Bales left her car and stepped onto the snow-covered Jewell Trail. She planned a six-hour hike through New Hampshire’s Mount Washington State Park. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was pleasant. At 8:30 am, still below the tree line, she took the first in a series of on-the-trail selfies.
Less than an hour later, she took another photo, after she’d climbed into colder air and deeper snows. She made her way across the snow-covered ridge toward Mount Washington. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She’d been following faint tracks all day and hadn’t given them much thought, because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of trainers, not suitable for hiking on snow.
By 11 am, Bales was getting cold and decided to abandon her plan. The only thing keeping Bales on Gulfside Trail was the trainer tracks in the sonw. As she fought the wind and heavy sleet (雨夹雪), the tracks made a hard left-hand turn off the trail.
Now she alarmed. She was sure the hiker could get through in the ow visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, stunned. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. She turned to the left and called out, “Hello!” into the frozen fog.
Nothing. She called out again: “Is anybody out there Do you need help ”
The strong westerly winds carried her voice away. She blew into her rescue whistle. For a fleeting moment she thought she heard someone reply, but it was just the wind playing games with her mind. She stood listening, then turned and walked cautiously in the direction of the single set of tracks. Bales followed the tracks cautiously for 20 to 30 meters. She rounded a slight corner and saw a man sitting motionless.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she approached him and said hello, he did not react.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After waking the man up, Bales recognized that they had to get out of there soon.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三第一次阶段考试
英语科试卷
完卷时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分
Ⅰ卷(选择题)(满分95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案：C
1. Why does the woman have to change her flight
A. Her father is ill. B. Her flight has been canceled.
C. She suffers from a heart attack.
2. How much is Jack’s new jacket
A $100. B. $130. C. $140.
3. Who is probably available for the meeting tomorrow
A. Sophie. B. Peter. C. James.
4. What is Hailee going to do this afternoon
A. Take part in an activity. B. Hang out with Alex. C. Prepare for an exam.
5. How many languages are there in Google Translate
A. 133. B. 157. C. 300.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does Nick probably want to talk with at first
A. Miss Brown. B. Mr. Hunter C. Mrs. Collins.
7. When will the speakers meet
A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 2:15 pm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
8. What job may the man want
A. A waiter. B. A science tutor. C. A lab assistant.
9. Where can the man get information about the jobs
A. From his teachers. B. In his school lab. C. On the university website.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10. What happened to the man on his journey
A. He was late arriving.
B. He couldn’t find his bags.
C. He lost his way to the destination.
11. How long has the man been traveling
A. For 17 hours. B. For 20 hours. C. For 24 hours.
12. Why did the hotel change the man’s room
A. He paid to have a better room.
B. The hotel has made a mistake.
C. He has experienced a tough time.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who might the woman be
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s neighbor. C. The man’s landlady.
14. What does the woman think of Leo Norris
A. Lazy. B. Competitive. C. Amusing.
15. When does Leo Norris want to move in
A. On September 28th. B. On September 30th. C. On October 1st.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man likes cycling very much.
B. The woman never gets up until noon on weekends.
C. Leo Norris made a good impression on the woman.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a clinic. B. At a school. C. At an office.
18. What’s the matter with the man now
A. He has a bad headache.
B. He has a stomachache.
C. He has a skin problem.
19. Who recommended the man try traditional Chinese medicine
A. His doctor. B. His friend. C. His mother.
20. What helped the woman improve her problems
A. A special tea. B. A face wash. C. Some pills.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读A、B、C共3篇(共11小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分);
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun！
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
·Performance
·Documentary(纪实作品)
·Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation(such as a video, slide show, or computer project)no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script(剧本), or documentary highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7：00A. M.—9：00 A. M Participants signing in at the gym
10：00A. M.—6：00 P. M. Competition and judges’ review
7：00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
1. According to Paragraph 1, what is the major goal of understanding history
A. To preserve national traditions.
B. To prepare for a history competition.
C. To better know the present and future.
D. To further explore historical mysteries.
2. What is the theme of this year’s competition
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts with technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
3. Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are ________.
A. special clothes and a screen
B. a desktop computer and a CD
C. a projector and special clothes
D. a desktop computer and loudspeakers
4. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement
A. Include more information in the essay.
B. Remove the references.
C. Provide a cover for the essay.
D. Explain the details with illustrations.
5. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A. Preview performances and documentaries.
B. Make comments on the materials.
C. Improve the participant’s first draft.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了桑顿中学今年举办的历史展示竞赛的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become.可知，历史告诉了今天我们是谁，将来我们要成为谁，它是我们重要的组成部分。所以根据第一段，了解历史的主要目的是更好地了解现在和未来。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由This Year’s Theme中的All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.可知，所有的参加者都必须要说明通信或运输技术如何在整个历史过程中提高了美国人的生活质量。所以今年竞赛的主题是：技术提高了美国人的生活。故D选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由This Year’s Theme中第二点Documentary中的A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available.可知，将提供台式电脑、屏幕、投影仪和扬声器。所以学校提供的视觉展示设备包括台式电脑和扩音器。故D选项正确。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。本题采用排除法。由Essay Writing中的An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.可知，要求一份2000至2500字的学术论文，不允许有插图。请不要包括封面。必须包括一份参考文献列表。所以通过排除法，可以看出B，C，D选项都被排除，故一个参与者需要在文章中列入更多的信息才能使一篇1500字的论文满足类别要求。故A选项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由Important Dates中的February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.可知，2月19日，教师委员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。所以在2月19日，教师委员会将对材料做出评论。故B选项正确。
B
A trial project by the Montreal Children’s Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis (催眠) can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.
“During the examination children don’t move. It works perfectly. It’s amazing,” said Johanne L’Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia (麻醉).
A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist-was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children’s hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified (改变) state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state-an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
“The technologist must build up a story with the patient,” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. “The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports Do you like going to the beach We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure”.
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story-an injection(注射) becomes the bite of an insect: the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient’s body with what the patient sees in his head.” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. “It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness.”
“The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists,” Ms. L’Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
6. One of the results produced by the trail project is ______.
A. less use of certain medicines B. a better understanding of children
C. new medical-imaging technology D. an improved reputation of the hospital
7. According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by ______.
A. creating a perfect world for patients B. forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C. putting patients into an unconscious state D. leading patients’ consciousness away from reality
8. What can we learn about the story used in the procedure
A. It is selected by the technologist. B. It reflects the patient’s creativity.
C. It should keep pace with the procedure. D. It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
9. The procedure was received among the staff with ______.
A. uncertainty B. enthusiasm C. worry D. criticism
10. What is the passage mainly about
A. An easy way to communicate with patients.
B. The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C. An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D. The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
【答案】6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging(医学影像)procedures. (该项目还导致用于医学影像程序的药品数量减少。)”可知，实验的结果之一就是减少某些药物的使用。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的) state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows. (催眠状态不是一种睡眠的状态：而是一种被改变的意识状态。技术专家会引导病人进入这种改变的状态——一个想象中的世界，它会越来越脱离接下来的程序。)”可知，催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实，进入一个想象中的世界。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story (催眠过程中接下来发生的一切都必须和这个故事有关)”和第八段“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient’s body with what the patient sees in his head. (重要的是技术专家把病人身体外发生的事情和他在大脑里看到的联系起来。)”可知，故事必须跟整个催眠过程同步。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. (这个程序在一月份开始引进的时候，吸引了很多员工。)”和“She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training. (她补充说，有一队员工在她门口等着接受培训。)”可知，这个催眠程序受到了员工的欢迎。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A trial project by the Montreal Children’s Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures. (蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工。)”可知，全文主要讲述催眠技术在医学影像程序中的应用。故选D。
C
How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work What makes the populations of different species the way they are Why are there so many flies and so few wolves To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
11. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs
A. The living habits of species in food webs.
B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
12. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A. has a wide food choice
B. can easily find new prey
C. sticks to one prey species
D. can quickly move to another place
13. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline
A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.
B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.
C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.
D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.
14. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4
A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.
B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.
C. Species of commercial value dominate other species.
D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.
15. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance
A. By getting illegal practices under control.
B. By stopping us from killing large predators.
C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.
D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。科学家们说一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统，该系统将会发出信号告诉我们人类活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，允许我们采取措施将生态系统从边缘拉回来。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked.可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.可知，处于食物网顶端的食肉动物对它们没有直接攻击的其他物种的种群数量有着惊人的控制，由此可推断出，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.可知，无计划的人类活动证明了由顶级掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正确的。在海洋中，我们大规模捕捞鳕鱼等顶级捕食者，而在陆地上，我们杀死狼等大型捕食者。这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡。由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动会极大地破坏了生态系统。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Scientists have built an early-warming system based on mathematical models. Ideally the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.可知，早期预警系统通过发出紧急需要采取预防行动的信号帮助我们维持生态平衡。故选D。
第二节：阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分);
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___16___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___17___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___18___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___19___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___20___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【16题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗 ”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项“1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第三小题，根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分３０分)
第一节：阅读完形(共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分);
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A mistake made six years ago has turned into a holiday tradition. A grandmother who mistakenly ____21____ a stranger to attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner in 2016 ended up making a ____22____, and now the pair have ____23____ the holiday together every year since. This year is no exception.
In 2016, Wanda Dench tried to text her grandson about the family’s Thanksgiving dinner plans, but she ____24____ added a stranger to the message. Jamal Hinton was on the receiving end of the holiday text and jokingly accepted her ____25____.
“You’re not my grandma,” Hinton wrote back, including a selfie to ____26____ he was not the grandson Dench thought she was texting. “Can I still get a plate though ”
Dench, ever the ____27____ grandmother, replied, “Of course you can. That’s what Grandmas do… ____28____ everyone.” Hinton posted about the funny mix-up and it went viral (疯传). And on Thanksgiving day, he ____29____ drove from Tempe, Arizona to Mesa to _____30_____ the Dench family for the holiday. And every year since, Hinton and Dench have got together for the holiday.
In 2020, he informed followers of some sad news—Dench’s husband, Lonnie, had died from COVID-19. So last Thanksgiving, _____31_____ Lonnie, the family held a small, pared-down (精简的) _____32_____the day after the holiday to keep the _____33_____ alive.
This year, Hinton tweeted, “We are all set for year 6!”, _____34_____ a screenshot of their text exchange as usual. Dench’s name is saved in his phone as “Grandma Wanda”. The story of _____35_____ went viral again—spreading some holiday cheer on social media.
21. A. reminded B. invited C. forced D. allowed
22. A. friend B. deal C. decision D. story
23. A. planned B. organized C. celebrated D. booked
24. A. carefully B. purposefully C. secretly D. accidentally
25. A. gift B. idea C. offer D. apology
26. A. argue B. pretend C. show D. announce
27. A. generous B. strict C. patient D. caring
28. A. forgive B. feed C. remember D. understand
29. A. casually B. hardly C. nearly D. actually
30. A. disturb B. join C. greet D. congratulate
31. A. in honor of B. in search of C. in praise of D. in place of
32. A. conversation B. conference C. competition D. gathering
33. A. mistake B. news C. tradition D. holiday
34. A. taking B. enjoying C. collecting D. sharing
35. A. honesty B. kindness C. generosity D. toughness
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公丹奇将发给自己孙子的短信误发给了一个叫辛顿的小伙，因为这一次“错误”，辛顿收获了几位“家人”，并参与了他们的感恩节聚会。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. reminded提醒；B. invited邀请；C. forced迫使；D. allowed允许。根据“a stranger to attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner”以及下文“now the pair have ____3____ the holiday together”可知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. friend朋友；B. deal交易；C. decision决定；D. story故事。根据下文“and now the pair have ____3____ the holiday together every year since.”可推知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. planned计划；B. organized组织；C. celebrated庆祝；D. booked预定。根据上文提到的一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，以及该句中的“the holiday together every year since.”可推知，此处为从那以后，这对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：2016年，旺达·丹奇(Wanda Dench)试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩节晚餐计划，但她不小心在短信里添加了一个陌生人。A. carefully仔细地；B. purposefully有目的地；C. secretly秘密地；D. accidentally不小心地。根据上文提到的试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩节晚餐计划，以及该句中的but 转折和“added a stranger to the message.”可推知，此处为她不小心在短信里添加了一个陌生人。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：贾马尔·辛顿收到了这条节日短信，并开玩笑地接受了她的邀请。A. gift礼物；B. idea主意；C. offer提议，邀请；D. apology道歉。根据上文提到的祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。以及该句中的“accepted”可知，此处为贾马尔·辛顿开玩笑地接受了她的邀请。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你不是我的奶奶，”辛顿回复道，并附上了一张自拍照，以表明他不是丹奇以为她在发短信的那个孙子。A. argue争论；B. pretend假装；C. show表明；D. announce宣布。根据上文“Hinton wrote back, including a selfie”可知，此处为辛顿回复道，并附上了一张自拍照，以表明他不是丹奇以为她在发短信的那个孙子。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丹奇，这位慈祥祖母，回答说：“你当然可以。A. generous慷慨的；B. strict严格的；C. patient有耐心的；D. caring关心他人的，体贴的。根据祖母的回复“Of course you can.”可推知，此处为表示祖母是很有爱心的。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶就是这么做的……喂饱每个人。A. forgive原谅；B. feed喂养；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。根据句意以及上文“That’s what Grandmas do”可推知，此处为表示奶奶就是这么贴心的喂饱每一个人。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：感恩节那天，他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。A. casually随意地；B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly将近；D. actually事实上。 根据句意以及该句中的“drove from Tempe, Arizona to Mesa”可推知，此处为他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：感恩节那天，他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。A. disturb打扰；B. join加入；C. greet打招呼；D. congratulate祝贺。根据下文“And every year since, Hinton and Dench have got together for the holiday.”可知，此处为他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。A. in honor of为了纪念；B. in search of寻找；C. in praise of赞扬；D. in place of代替。根据上文“Dench’s husband, Lonnie, had died from COVID-19.”可知，此处为为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。A. conversation对话；B. conference会议；C. competition比赛；D. gathering聚会。根据该句中的“the family held a small, pared-down (精简的)…”以及“to keep the ____13____ alive.”可推知，此处为为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。 A. mistake错误；B. news新闻；C. tradition传统；D. holiday节日。根据下文“This year, Hinton tweeted, “We are all set for year 6!”可知，今年已经是第六年举行这个聚会了，由此可推知，这已经形成了一种传统了。 故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样分享了他们文字交流的截图。A. taking带走；B. enjoying享受； C. collecting收集；D. sharing分享。根据句意以及该句中的“a screenshot of their text exchange as usual.”可推知，此处为像往常一样分享了他们文字交流的截图。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个善良的故事再次走红，在社交媒体上传播了一些节日的欢呼。A. honesty诚实；B. kindness善良；C. generosity慷慨；D. toughness韧性。通读全文以及下文“spreading some holiday cheer on social media.”可知，此处为这个善良的故事再次走红，在社交媒体上传播了一些节日的欢呼。故选B项。
Ⅱ卷(非选择题)(满分55分)
第二节：根据课文内容完成句子。(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
36. 我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。
I ______ ______ ______ this blog ______ ______ my experiences and what I learn.
【答案】 ①. plan ②. to ③. use ④. to ⑤. record
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，固定搭配和非谓语动词。plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，分析句子结构可知，“plan”作谓语，根据句意以及“what I learn”可知，本句时态应用一般现在时，record“记录”为目的，所以应用动词不定式to record作目的状语,所以第一空应填plan，第二个空应填to,第三个空应填use，第四个空应填to,第五个空应填record。故填①plan ②to ③use ④to ⑤record。
37. 它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被俗称为“down under”.
______ ______ the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally ______ ______ ______ “down under”.
【答案】 ①. Located ②. to ③. referred ④. to ⑤. as
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。be located to...表示“坐落在……附近”；be referred to as...表示“被称为……”；分析句子结构可知，前半句为分词作状语，所以第一个空应填located，方句首时首字母大写，所以应填 Located；第二个空应填to；根据空格前“it’s often informally”可知，第三个空应填referred，第四个空应填to，第五个空应填as。故填①Located ②to ③referred ④to ⑤as。
38. 少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。
... minority cultures have also ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences ______ by immigrants.
【答案】 ① played ②. a ③. role ④. in ⑤. shaping ⑥. contributed
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，介词，短语和时态。表示“塑造”应用动词shape；表示“在…方面发挥作用”应用动词短语play a role in，前面有助动词have，这里的动词play要用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时；表示“促成，添加”用动词contribute，该词和名词influences是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以第二个空用过去分词。故答案为played a role in shaping和contributed。
39. 据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外要么父母出生于海外。
______ ______ ______ ______ now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
【答案】 ①. It ②. is ③. said ④. that
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“据说”对应的固定句型It is said that，it是形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填It is said that。
40. 我迫不及待想见到所有这一切!
I ______ ______ ______ ______ all of them!
【答案】 ①. can’t ②. wait ③. to ④. see
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意可知，“迫不及待做某事”应用can’t wait to do，“见到”应用see。由句意可知，空处描述现在的动作，应用一般现在时。故空1填can’t；空2填wait；空3填to；空4填see。
41. 对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。
______ ______, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
【答案】 ①. Personally ②. speaking
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“就我个人而言”应用固定短语personally speaking，位于句首作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母需大写。故答案为Personally speaking。
42. 他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。
They have a ______ and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me ______ ______ ______ wherever I went.
【答案】 ①. straightforward ②. feel ③. at ④. home
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词和短语。表示“简单直率”应用形容词straightforward；表示“感到宾至如归”应用短语feel at home；分析句子结构和意思可知，表示“宾至如归的感觉”应该是作补语，用动词原形的结构。故答案为straightforward和feel at home。
43. 在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号：“澳大利亚无与伦比。”(澳视群雄)
After experiencing Australia, I have ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the tourism slogan: “There’s nothing like Australia”
【答案】 ①. to ②. say ③. I ④. fully ⑤. agree ⑥. with
【解析】
【详解】考查代词，动词，介词，副词，短语，连词和时态。表示“得说”应用动词短语have to say；表示“我”应用代词I；表示“赞同”应用动词短语agree with；表示“十分”应用副词fully；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时。故答案为to say I fully agree with。
44. 在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路后来就是闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。
In ancient times, silk from China ______ ______ ______ overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along ______ ______ ______ as the Silk Road.
【答案】 ①. found ②. its ③. way ④. what ⑤. became ⑥. known
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、宾语从句和固定搭配。由句意知空①②③处应为谓语动词，表示“找到；到达”应用动词短语find one’s way to，由时间状语In ancient times可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以空①答案为found，空②答案为its，空③答案为way；介词along之后为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的地方”应用连接代词what；表示“作为……而出名”应用动词短语become known as，作宾语从句的谓语动词，应用一般过去时，所以空④答案为what，空⑤答案为became，空⑥答案为known。故空①答案为found，空②答案为its，空③答案为way，空④答案为what，空⑤答案为became，空⑥答案为known。
45. 以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。
A trading route across the sea was also ______ ______ the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centered around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
【答案】 ①. extended ②. along
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和介词。根据中英文提示，表示“沿”应用介词along；表示“延伸”应用动词extend；分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前有was，所以动词extend要用过去分词形式，和was构成被动语态结构。故答案为extended along。
46. 在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to ______ ______ ______, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
【答案】 ①. negotiate ②. trade ③. deals
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词和短语。表示“洽谈”应用动词negotiate；表示“贸易协议”应用名词短语trade deals；分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处是要用动词原形，和前面的to构成动词不定式结构，作目的状语。故答案为negotiate trade deals。
47. 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。
______ ______ ______ across the sea remains ______ ______ ______ today.
【答案】 ①. To ②. reach ③. out ④. people’s ⑤. strong ⑥. desire
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词和短语。表示“跨越”应用动词短语reach out；表示“人们”应用名词所有格people’s，作定语，修饰后面的“渴望”；表示“强烈的”应用形容词strong；表示“渴望”应用名词desire；分析句子结构和意思可知，“跨海越洋”要用动词不定式结构，作主语，表示人们将来要做的事情。故答案为To reach out和people’s strong desire。
48. 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
The aim of this initiative is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ across the historic Silk Road areas, and ______ ______ ______ between China and the rest of the world.
【答案】 ①. to ②. encourage ③. cooperation ④. and ⑤. trade ⑥. strengthen ⑦. the ⑧. connections
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，连词和短语。表示“鼓励”应用动词encourage；表示“合作”应用名词cooperation；表示“与”应用连词and；表示“贸易”应用名词trade；表示“加强”应用动词strengthen；表示“联系”应用名词connection的复数形式，表示泛指；分析句子结构和意思可知，“鼓励”和“加强”是两个并列的动作，一起作句子的表语，表示“目的”的内容，用动词不定式结构，第二个动词“加强”前的to可以省略。故答案为to encourage cooperation and trade和strengthen the connections。
49. 近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。
Trading ______ ______ greatly in recent years, and will ______ ______ ______ so in years to come.
【答案】 ①. has ②. grown ③. continue ④. to ⑤. grow
【解析】
【详解】考查动词，短语和时态。表示“增长”应用动词grow；表示“继续做某事”应用动词短语continue to do，前面有情态动词will，后面用动词原形；分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有in recent years作时间状语，谓语用现在完成时，主语是Trading，助动词用has。故答案为has grown和continue to grow。
50. 中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area ______ ______ ______ ______ future trade and cultural exchange.
【答案】 ①. for ②. the ③. benefit ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。表示“有利于”应用介词短语for the benefit of；故答案为for the benefit of。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分４０分)
第一节 应用文(满分 15分)
51. 调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：
1．说明写信目的;
2．简述江豚现状;
3．希望WWF 如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)
4．表示感谢并期待回复。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Fujian, China. I’m writing to call your attention to the danger finless poprises are currently in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from China. I am writing to keep you informed of something about the severe situation that finless porpoises, a kind of rare and lovely animal, are faced with presently.
Finless porpoises are endangered because of human activities. It’s terrible that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. Thus, it’s high time that immediate measures should be taken. Don’t you think so If possible, how I hope you can help us by funding our project aiming at protecting finless porpoises.
With your financial aid, I am convinced more finless porpoises will survive. I would appreciate it greatly if you considered my application.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给WWF写一封信，简述江豚的现状并提出具体的建议，请求WWF帮助实施。
【详解】1.词汇积累
严重的：serious →severe
因此：so → thus
告知：tell →inform
使确信：assure→ convince
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Finless porpoises are endangered because of human activities.
拓展句：It’s because of human activities that finless porpoises are endangered.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to keep you informed of something about the severe situation that finless porpoises, a kind of rare and lovely animal, are faced with presently.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】With your financial aid, I am convinced more finless porpoises will survive.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pam Bales left her car and stepped onto the snow-covered Jewell Trail. She planned a six-hour hike through New Hampshire’s Mount Washington State Park. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was pleasant. At 8:30 am, still below the tree line, she took the first in a series of on-the-trail selfies.
Less than an hour later, she took another photo, after she’d climbed into colder air and deeper snows. She made her way across the snow-covered ridge toward Mount Washington. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She’d been following faint tracks all day and hadn’t given them much thought, because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of trainers, not suitable for hiking on snow.
By 11 am, Bales was getting cold and decided to abandon her plan. The only thing keeping Bales on Gulfside Trail was the trainer tracks in the sonw. As she fought the wind and heavy sleet (雨夹雪), the tracks made a hard left-hand turn off the trail.
Now she alarmed. She was sure the hiker could get through in the ow visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, stunned. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. She turned to the left and called out, “Hello!” into the frozen fog.
Nothing. She called out again: “Is anybody out there Do you need help ”
The strong westerly winds carried her voice away. She blew into her rescue whistle. For a fleeting moment she thought she heard someone reply, but it was just the wind playing games with her mind. She stood listening, then turned and walked cautiously in the direction of the single set of tracks. Bales followed the tracks cautiously for 20 to 30 meters. She rounded a slight corner and saw a man sitting motionless.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she approached him and said hello, he did not react.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After waking the man up, Bales recognized that they had to get out of there soon.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
When she approached him and said hello, he did not react. Taking a deep breath, Bales got closer, checked his pulse and suddenly realized that the man must have passed out. She knew she had to wake him up immediately or the dreadful weather could put him in greater danger. Out of her bag, Bales took a carpet to wrap the man, gave some hot water to him, called out repeatedly and shook him hard. Fortunately, it didn’t take long before the man came to himself.
After waking the man up, Bales recognized that they had to get out of there soon. The wind kept howling with the heavy sleet driving fiercely, and even worse, darkness began to fall. Anxious, Bales struggled to help the man up, supporting his weight and inching along the trail, following the tracks left by her hiking boots. After what seemed like ages, they finally made it to the foot of the mountain. The man was rushed to hospital immediately. Exhausted as she was, Bales felt a wave of happiness welled up inside.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了帕姆·巴勒斯计划在新罕布什尔州的华盛顿山州立公园徒步六小时，不到一小时后，她已经爬进了更冷的空气和更深的雪中。她穿过白雪覆盖的山脊，向华盛顿山进发。然后她注意到了一件事：她前面的雪上有一组脚印。她一整天都在跟踪微弱的轨迹，并没有给它们太多的思考，因为有太多人爬珠尔小道。但她意识到，这些鞋是由一双运动鞋制成的，不适合在雪地上徒步旅行。后来，她在一个小角落，看见一个人一动不动地坐着。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当她走近他打招呼时，他没有反应。”可知，第一段可描写巴勒斯救助这名已经失去意识的男子的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“在叫醒那个人后，巴勒斯意识到他们必须尽快离开那里。”可知，第二段可描写巴勒斯和那名男子一起下山，脱离险境的过程。
2续写线索：检查——拿出物品给男子取暖——唤醒男子——扶起那名男子——一起下山——脱离险境——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①检查：check/ examine
②唤醒：wake up/awaken
③努力：struggle to do/make great efforts to do
情绪类
①高兴：happiness /joy
②焦急：anxious/worried
【点睛】[高分句型1] Taking a deep breath, Bales got closer, checked his pulse and suddenly realized that the man must have passed out. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Anxious, Bales struggled to help the man up, supporting his weight and inching along the trail, following the tracks left by her hiking boots. (运用了形容词和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型3] Exhausted as she was, Bales felt a wave of happiness welled up inside.(运用了让步状语从句的倒装结构)