2023-2024广东省深圳市宝安区高三上学期10月调研英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）考试试卷

宝安区 2023-2024 学年第一学期调研测试卷
高三英语
2023.10
说明：试卷共 8 页，卷面满分 120 分，按高考计算方式折算成 130 分计入总分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试题卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答 案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you tired of staying in a hotel when exploring a foreign city Do you want to feel the real life in a local community If so, you may log onto Airbnb for a good pick if you are planning for your next week-long holiday in Toronto.
* * *
Homey and Lovely Downtown Condo Next to CN Tower
Entire rental unit hosted by Duan
2 guests * studio * 1 bed * 1 bath
Directly located in front of the CN Tower, Ripley’s Aquarium and Rogers Center, minutes away from Union Station.
Safe, secure and easy self-check-in procedures with 24/7 building security.
Completely private space. The entire unit is yours to enjoy. There isn’t anyone else to share the space with you.
Other things to note
We observe Airbnb’s new pilot program in Toronto that requires guests to be 25+ to book entire homes. We will regrettably not be able to host your stay if your group is mostly under 25.
* * *
Comfy Bedroom + Stunning View Downtown!
Room in a unit hosted by Attilio
1 queen bed * dedicated bathroom * host and other guests may be here
This accommodation consists of a bedroom with a private bathroom — you will be also able to use the kitchen and living room (shared), plus all the apartment facilities.
Start the day with a workout in the fully equipped gym. Explore downtown from this modern, comfy apartment. In the evening, stretch out on the nice sofa and admire the city lights from the window.
Other things to note
Check-in time will be any time after 4PM and check-out time by 11AM.
1. In which aspect are the two units different from each other
A. Number of guests to host. B. Bathroom for private use.
C. Distance to the downtown. D. Space to share with others.
2. Who will most probably become Duan’s guests
A. Backpackers wanting to meet other guests.
B. Teenagers on a high school graduation trip.
C. A family in search of separate rooms and beds.
D. A couple needing a place close to the landmarks.
3. In which way does Attilio’s room have advantage over Duan’s
A. Check-in time. B. Price. C. Service. D. Privacy.
B
Jasmine Charbonier’s heavy drinking started in college. By her early thirties, she was downing up to eight cocktails daily, several days each week. Last year she tried to quit and was surprised when she suffered from withdrawal symptoms (症状).
Unlike hard drugs, alcohol is generally viewed as a less dangerous way to reduce stress, says Dhruti Patel, a specialist at the University of Miami Medicine School. “It’s legal, readily available, and not so forbidden in society, so women feel less worry drinking,” she says.
That was certainly the case for Charbonier, a 35-year-old CEO and blogger in Florida. Drinking made nights out and travel more fun, enabling her to meet new people and dance excitedly. Last year, she temporarily gave up alcohol to lose a few pounds and was horrified by the withdrawal symptoms: strong desires for alcohol, heightened anxiety, and trembling hands sometimes. “I was completely shocked,” she says. “I didn’t think I had an addiction until then.”
Recent researches have confirmed the belief that even small amounts of wine, beer, or cocktails endanger health. Last year, the global non-profit World Heart Federation challenged the widely held idea that a daily glass of red wine is good for you. Any amount increases the risk for heart disease and stroke (中风), the group stated.
Compared with men, women who drink are more susceptible to its negative effects. Experts point out that women’s body composition, which has more fatty tissue and less water than men of similar weight, leads to higher blood-alcohol concentration. Therefore, women who drink will develop a greater number of medical problems at much lower alcohol levels than men.
Federal guidelines recommend that women consume no more than five ounces (盎司) of wine a day. But from a health perspective, less — actually none — is a better target, Patel says.
Reducing consumption starts with replacing alcohol in social situations. Charbonier now orders sparkling water, or a soft drink at happy hour, which gives her a glass to hold when others do. She tells her friends that she’s no longer drinking.
4. What’s the cause for Charbonier’s alcohol addiction mentioned in the passage
A. Her trouble from work. B. Her family’s influence.
C. Her health condition. D. Her ignorance of its danger.
5. Which of the following is a withdrawal symptom of the addicts
A Feeling very nervous. B. High blood pressure.
C Long lasting thirsty. D. Walking unsteadily.
6. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Emotional. B. Adaptable. C. Exposed. D. Welcoming.
7. What advice would Patel give to Charbonier if asked
A. Giving up drinking completely. B. Drinking modestly every day.
C. Reducing drinking step by step. D. Seeking help from her friends.
C
Ever looked at the dirty smog caused by air pollution and thought, “Hey, this could be art ” Sounds silly, right But with Air-Ink, the silly is becoming a reality, in a process that turns air pollution into ink.
Anirudh Sharma, then a graduate student of MIT, noticed a wall blackened by car exhaust during his studies on a trip to India in 2012. He saw potential in the pollution. So he began working on the idea with his colleagues and set up Graviky Labs. “Our goal is to collect and transform the tiny particulate matter, known as PM2.5 which results from burning fuels, into high grade inks that everyone can use and express themselves with through art or writing.”
The trial and error of attaching equipment to cars for collecting PM2.5 led to the invention of KAALINK, a small device that can be fixed to exhaust pipes (排气管). This device can collect 95 percent of PM2.5 in the exhaust without any negative effect on engine performance. Then the particulate matter is purified, ground to a standard size, and liquefied (液化) in a Graviky Labs process. The result is a heavily colored, free-flowing “Air-Ink,” which can be loaded into our daily used pens and printers.
The Air-Ink idea has been attracting increasing public attention. A number of Indian companies have contacted Graviky Labs to deal with PM2.5 that otherwise could end up in a river or reach our lungs. Singapore-based Tiger Beer partnered with Graviky Labs for an art campaign, making Air-Ink available to artists in more cities such as Hong Kong, Berlin and London.
Since 2016, Graviky Labs has cleaned 1.6 trillion liters of air and produced more than 1,200 liters of Air-Ink. With more doubts to beat and support to win, and more Air-Ink available in market, Sharma and his colleague would be able to breathe a little easier. And so would we.
8. What did Anirudh Sharma intend to do
A. To enter the art field. B. To be a great inventor.
C. To apply polluted air. D. To stop burning fuels.
9. What is the function of KAALINK
A. It liquefies PM2.5 in the air. B. It provides cars with power.
C. It arrests PM2.5 in exhaust. D. It protects the car engine.
10. Why does the author mention Tiger Beer in paragraph 4
A. To present an example. B. To beat a doubt.
C. To stress the opinion. D. To ease the tone.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Smarter Carbon Footprints, Easier Breath Care
B. More Air-Ink on Pages, Less Pollution in the Air
C. Braver Trials in Ink, Stronger Expressions in Art
D. More High-tech Support, Fewer Printing Barriers
D
Nile crocodiles are uniquely sensitive to the cries of painful primate (灵长类) babies, according to a new study — and the more anxious the cry, the more interested they become. To make the find, Nicolas Grimault, a scientist at the University of Lyon, and his colleagues visited a zoo in Morocco, which houses more than 300 Nile crocodiles. The researchers set up loudspeakers alongside four ponds where, at each, as many as 25 crocodiles sunbathed on red rocks. The speakers played a series of cries expressing varying levels of pain from primate babies. The cries were recorded in different situations to find out which aspects of the voices interest the crocs most.
Many of the crocs, male and female, responded to the cries by suddenly turning their heads, seeking out the source of the sound, rapidly approaching the loudspeaker and sometimes even biting it. One individual even showed protective behavior by positioning in front of the speaker as if to defend it from others. Interestingly, their response depended on the characteristics of the cries they heard: crocs were more likely to react to recordings with acoustic (声音的) features closely related to very upset babies, such as sudden changes and disharmony in frequency, smoothness and tones.
When the researchers asked human volunteers, all of whom had experience with human babies, to listen to the same recorded cries and estimate the level of pain, the participants used different features than the crocs did to evaluate the sounds, basing their decisions largely on the pitch of the cries — how high or low a sound is. But it varies among individuals and across species. That makes it less reliable and accurate than the alternative acoustic clues picked up on by crocodiles.
The findings of the study raise the possibility that emotion may be communicated across species lines in more ways than scientists thought. As Grimault puts it, “If crocs can do it, probably many other animals can do it, too.”
12. Why are the cries collected from different situations played
A. To discover which crocodiles are smart. B. To identify what appeals to crocodiles.
C. To develop how to protect crocodiles. D. To record when crocodiles interact.
13. How do most of the crocodiles respond to baby’ cries
A. Guarding the speakers. B. Sunbathing on the rocks.
C. Attacking other crocodiles. D. Moving towards the sound.
14. Which of the following belongs to “alternative acoustic clues” in paragraph 3
A. The volume of sound. B. The source of the cries.
C. The evenness of tone. D. The pitch of the voice.
15. Which statement would Grimault probably agree with
A. Humans are sensitive to voices of other species.
B. Emotions may be shared beyond species borders.
C. Crocs tend to be friendly to babies of any species.
D. Cross-species communication is an unfading skill.
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wisdom teeth won’t make you smarter.____16____ These teeth are in the very back of your mouth, two on top and two on the bottom as part of a complete set of 32 adult teeth.
Wisdom teeth often cause problems due to their late eruption and limited space in jaws. As a result, they may become impacted, meaning they are unable to fully emerge from the gums (牙龈). This impaction can give rise to various issues, including pain and crowding of nearby teeth.____17____.
Before the surgery, dentists will carefully evaluate your specific situation to determine the most appropriate approach. During the procedure, dentists will numb (麻醉) your gum to ensure minimal pain.____18____After that, they’ll clean the area and pack it with cotton to stop bleeding.
____19____Everyone responds differently. In general, you can expect mild discomfort, slight bleeding, facial swelling (肿), and other common complications following the surgery, as your mouth needs a few weeks to completely recover.
Here are some tips for proper healing. Leave cotton in place for about 30 minutes and hold a cold pack against your jaw to reduce pain immediately after surgery. For the following days, don’t consume hard spicy food like nuts and peppers.____20____That way, your teeth won’t hurt when you eat and food bits won’t get stuck in your mouth.
A. How long does the surgery usually last
B. Stick to soft food or liquid diets instead.
C. Mild saltwater is good for mouth wounds.
D. What happens after wisdom teeth removal
E. They will then use tools to loosen the tooth and pull it out.
F. They’re called that because they usually come in when you get older.
G. To prevent or address these problems, many dentists decide on wisdom teeth removal.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节。满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Millions of pets go missing each year in the U.S, leaving pet owners with slim chances of reunion. A Kansas woman Carol Holmes experienced this____21____when she last saw her cat, Bob, ten years ago.
However, an email____22____in Holmes’ inbox last month from a vet (兽 医 ) in North Carolina, saying that Bob had been____23____ . Before reaching the vet’s office, Bob had____24____1,200 miles to a couple’s front yard. They brought him to a local animal hospital where his microchip (微芯片)____25____Holmes’ information.
The news was very____26____to Holmes, as it came on the birthday of her late father, after whom the cat Bob was named. She believed it was a message from____27____.
The couple ____28____agreed to take care of the cat until it could return to Kansas. However, for Holmes who was in a____29____ economy, transporting a cat over 1,200 miles was____30____. She turned to her community for____31____. Cat lovers across the country enthusiastically came to her aid. In just a matter of days, a____32____for Bob’s returning home was made.
Holmes was____33____for all of these. “It’s____34____that they would do so much for me,” she said. “The____35____will be like a dream. We’re so blessed.”
21. A. heartache B. mistake C. illness D. failure
22. A. filled B. appeared C. remained D. existed
23. A. found B. accepted C. sold D. raised
24. A. measured B. raced C. escaped D. traveled
25. A. revealed B. predicted C. recognized D. received
26. A. specific B. significant C. reliable D. strange
27 A. nowhere B. heaven C. society D. nature
28. A. hesitantly B. immediately C. carefully D. generously
29. A. healthy B. dynamic C. false D. tough
30. A. appealing B. rewarding C. challenging D. surprising
31. A. adaptation B. approval C. assistance D. arrangement
32. A. deal B. gift C. request D. plan
33. A. anxious B. desperate C. grateful D. responsible
34.
A. beyond all expectations B. to my satisfaction
C. out of thankfulness D. without any doubt
35. A. program B. reunion C. adventure D. situation
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。
The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔),____36____ (situate) in Da Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, is one of the famous Buddhist pagodas in China. Although it fell into disrepair after the Tang Dynasty, some of its halls survived and____37____(reconstruct) during the Ming Dynasty.
In 652 AD Master Xuan Zang proposed building a pagoda to store scriptures (经文) and statues he____38____(bring) from India. He even designed the pagoda himself. Legend has____39____that its name, Wild Goose Pagoda, comes from a story of wild geese providing food for monks in India.
There is a famous painting inside, “Xuan Zang on His Way Back to Chang’an.” With a pair of straw sandals (草鞋) on his feet, Xuan Zang carries____40____(roll) of Buddhist scriptures____41____his back, making his way back to____42____capital with eager expectations.
In the Tang Dynasty, many officials wrote poems on the walls of the pagoda to express their____43____(happy) and wish future success. Xuan Zang spent 12 years____44____(translate) 1,335 volumes of Buddhist scriptures. Emperor Tai Zong and Crown Prince Li Zhi wrote texts praising his work,_____45_____are still displayed at the pagoda’s south gate.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的朋友 Mark 即将大学毕业，想要来中国就业，请你推荐一个城市。你给他写邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐城市；
2.推荐理由；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Up to the age of ten, I did not mind at all.
My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant for me. I have to admit that I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. The child psychologist had termed it as “Asperger Syndrome.” This diagnosis (诊断) turned my parents world upside down — but they never let it affect me. It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences, and become conscious of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built. My sister, on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said under her breath. She, however, was academically capable, and hence we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never, ever acknowledged in public that she was my sister. There was one incident, however, just two years ago, that remains impressed in my consciousness. It was the incident that changed how I viewed my sister. It was the incident that changed me.
My sister was then in primary six, about to graduate. She and her classmates had to put up a performance, whether in a group, or individually. Due to her inability to communicate, my sister was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to put up an item, so my sister had to perform individually. “I’ll sing,” my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently. Hearing that, I was completely shocked. She would embarrass me, one way or another. “No!” I remember protesting. My parents shot me a look and that was when I knew my sister was going to perform, no matter what; and I was going to be part of the audience watching her.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Soon came the day of the performance, and my sister did the only solo.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wrapped in both guilt and joy, I went to the backstage to find my sister.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________宝安区 2023-2024 学年第一学期调研测试卷
高三英语
2023.10
说明：试卷共 8 页，卷面满分 120 分，按高考计算方式折算成 130 分计入总分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试题卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答 案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you tired of staying in a hotel when exploring a foreign city Do you want to feel the real life in a local community If so, you may log onto Airbnb for a good pick if you are planning for your next week-long holiday in Toronto.
* * *
Homey and Lovely Downtown Condo Next to CN Tower
Entire rental unit hosted by Duan
2 guests * studio * 1 bed * 1 bath
Directly located in front of the CN Tower, Ripley’s Aquarium and Rogers Center, minutes away from Union Station.
Safe, secure and easy self-check-in procedures with 24/7 building security.
Completely private space. The entire unit is yours to enjoy. There isn’t anyone else to share the space with you.
Other things to note
We observe Airbnb’s new pilot program in Toronto that requires guests to be 25+ to book entire homes. We will regrettably not be able to host your stay if your group is mostly under 25.
* * *
Comfy Bedroom + Stunning View Downtown!
Room in a unit hosted by Attilio
1 queen bed * dedicated bathroom * host and other guests may be here
This accommodation consists of a bedroom with a private bathroom — you will be also able to use the kitchen and living room (shared), plus all the apartment facilities.
Start the day with a workout in the fully equipped gym. Explore downtown from this modern, comfy apartment. In the evening, stretch out on the nice sofa and admire the city lights from the window.
Other things to note
Check-in time will be any time after 4PM and check-out time by 11AM.
1. In which aspect are the two units different from each other
A. Number of guests to host. B. Bathroom for private use.
C. Distance to the downtown. D. Space to share with others.
2. Who will most probably become Duan’s guests
A. Backpackers wanting to meet other guests.
B. Teenagers on a high school graduation trip.
C. A family in search of separate rooms and beds.
D. A couple needing a place close to the landmarks.
3. In which way does Attilio’s room have advantage over Duan’s
A. Check-in time. B. Price. C. Service. D. Privacy.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了两个在多伦多通过Airbnb可以租住的房源。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Homey and Lovely Downtown Condo Next to CN Tower部分中“Completely private space.(完全的私人空间)”以及Comfy Bedroom + Stunning View Downtown!部分中Comfy Bedroom + Stunning View Downtown!“host and other guests may be here (主人和其他客人可能在这里)”可知，这两个房间在与他人分享的空间方面不同。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Homey and Lovely Downtown Condo Next to CN Tower部分中“Directly located in front of the CN Tower, Ripley’s Aquarium and Rogers Center, minutes away from Union Station.(直接位于CN Tower、Ripley's Aquarium和Rogers Center前，距离联合车站有几分钟路程)”可知，一对夫妇需要一个靠近地标的地方最有可能Duan成为的客人。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据右侧价格表可知，Attilio的两人房间总价是8018元；而Duan的两人房间总价是11318元，故Attilio的房间在价格方面更有优势。故选B。
B
Jasmine Charbonier’s heavy drinking started in college. By her early thirties, she was downing up to eight cocktails daily, several days each week. Last year she tried to quit and was surprised when she suffered from withdrawal symptoms (症状).
Unlike hard drugs, alcohol is generally viewed as a less dangerous way to reduce stress, says Dhruti Patel, a specialist at the University of Miami Medicine School. “It’s legal, readily available, and not so forbidden in society, so women feel less worry drinking,” she says.
That was certainly the case for Charbonier, a 35-year-old CEO and blogger in Florida. Drinking made nights out and travel more fun, enabling her to meet new people and dance excitedly. Last year, she temporarily gave up alcohol to lose a few pounds and was horrified by the withdrawal symptoms: strong desires for alcohol, heightened anxiety, and trembling hands sometimes. “I was completely shocked,” she says. “I didn’t think I had an addiction until then.”
Recent researches have confirmed the belief that even small amounts of wine, beer, or cocktails endanger health. Last year, the global non-profit World Heart Federation challenged the widely held idea that a daily glass of red wine is good for you. Any amount increases the risk for heart disease and stroke (中风), the group stated.
Compared with men, women who drink are more susceptible to its negative effects. Experts point out that women’s body composition, which has more fatty tissue and less water than men of similar weight, leads to higher blood-alcohol concentration. Therefore, women who drink will develop a greater number of medical problems at much lower alcohol levels than men.
Federal guidelines recommend that women consume no more than five ounces (盎司) of wine a day. But from a health perspective, less — actually none — is a better target, Patel says.
Reducing consumption starts with replacing alcohol in social situations. Charbonier now orders sparkling water, or a soft drink at happy hour, which gives her a glass to hold when others do. She tells her friends that she’s no longer drinking.
4. What’s the cause for Charbonier’s alcohol addiction mentioned in the passage
A. Her trouble from work. B. Her family’s influence.
C. Her health condition. D. Her ignorance of its danger.
5. Which of the following is a withdrawal symptom of the addicts
A. Feeling very nervous. B. High blood pressure.
C. Long lasting thirsty. D. Walking unsteadily.
6. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Emotional. B. Adaptable. C. Exposed. D. Welcoming.
7. What advice would Patel give to Charbonier if asked
A. Giving up drinking completely. B. Drinking modestly every day.
C. Reducing drinking step by step. D. Seeking help from her friends.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以Jasmine Charbonier为例，说明了酗酒成瘾的危害以及对女性饮酒量的建议。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By her early thirties, she was downing up to eight cocktails daily, several days each week. Last year she tried to quit and was surprised when she suffered from withdrawal symptoms (症状).(在她三十出头的时候，她每天喝下多达八杯鸡尾酒，每周有几天。去年，她试图戒酒，但当她出现戒断症状时，她感到很惊讶)”以及第二段“Unlike hard drugs, alcohol is generally viewed as a less dangerous way to reduce stress, says Dhruti Patel, a specialist at the University of Miami Medicine School.(迈阿密大学医学院的专家Dhruti Patel说，与烈性毒品不同，酒精通常被认为是一种不那么危险的减压方式)”可知，文中提到的Charbonier嗜酒成瘾的原因是对危险的无知。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Last year, she temporarily gave up alcohol to lose a few pounds and was horrified by the withdrawal symptoms: strong desires for alcohol, heightened anxiety, and trembling hands sometimes.(去年，为了减掉几磅，她暂时戒掉了酒，但她被戒断症状吓坏了：对酒精的强烈渴望，高度焦虑，有时双手颤抖)”可知，A选项“感觉很紧张”是成瘾者的戒断症状。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第三段“Experts point out that women’s body composition, which has more fatty tissue and less water than men of similar weight, leads to higher blood-alcohol concentration. Therefore, women who drink will develop a greater number of medical problems at much lower alcohol levels than men.(专家指出，与体重相同的男性相比，女性的身体成分中脂肪组织较多，水分较少，这导致血液中酒精浓度较高。因此，饮酒的女性在酒精含量远低于男性的情况下会出现更多的医疗问题)”以及划线词上文“Compared with men, women who drink are more”可知，后文提到饮酒的女性比男性更容易出现身体问题，即喝酒的女性更容易接触到酒精的负面影响。故划线词意思是“接触”。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But from a health perspective, less — actually none — is a better target, Patel says.(但Patel说，从健康的角度来看，更少——实际上没有——是一个更好的目标)”可知，Patel会建议Charbonier完全戒酒。故选A。
C
Ever looked at the dirty smog caused by air pollution and thought, “Hey, this could be art ” Sounds silly, right But with Air-Ink, the silly is becoming a reality, in a process that turns air pollution into ink.
Anirudh Sharma, then a graduate student of MIT, noticed a wall blackened by car exhaust during his studies on a trip to India in 2012. He saw potential in the pollution. So he began working on the idea with his colleagues and set up Graviky Labs. “Our goal is to collect and transform the tiny particulate matter, known as PM2.5 which results from burning fuels, into high grade inks that everyone can use and express themselves with through art or writing.”
The trial and error of attaching equipment to cars for collecting PM2.5 led to the invention of KAALINK, a small device that can be fixed to exhaust pipes (排气管). This device can collect 95 percent of PM2.5 in the exhaust without any negative effect on engine performance. Then the particulate matter is purified, ground to a standard size, and liquefied (液化) in a Graviky Labs process. The result is a heavily colored, free-flowing “Air-Ink,” which can be loaded into our daily used pens and printers.
The Air-Ink idea has been attracting increasing public attention. A number of Indian companies have contacted Graviky Labs to deal with PM2.5 that otherwise could end up in a river or reach our lungs. Singapore-based Tiger Beer partnered with Graviky Labs for an art campaign, making Air-Ink available to artists in more cities such as Hong Kong, Berlin and London.
Since 2016, Graviky Labs has cleaned 1.6 trillion liters of air and produced more than 1,200 liters of Air-Ink. With more doubts to beat and support to win, and more Air-Ink available in market, Sharma and his colleague would be able to breathe a little easier. And so would we.
8. What did Anirudh Sharma intend to do
A. To enter the art field. B. To be a great inventor.
C To apply polluted air. D. To stop burning fuels.
9. What is the function of KAALINK
A. It liquefies PM2.5 in the air. B. It provides cars with power.
C. It arrests PM2.5 in exhaust. D. It protects the car engine.
10. Why does the author mention Tiger Beer in paragraph 4
A. To present an example. B. To beat a doubt.
C. To stress the opinion. D. To ease the tone.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Smarter Carbon Footprints, Easier Breath Care
B. More Air-Ink on Pages, Less Pollution in the Air
C. Braver Trials in Ink, Stronger Expressions in Art
D. More High-tech Support, Fewer Printing Barriers
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Anirudh Sharma利用污染空气发明了一种空气墨水，可以将空气污染转化为墨水。文章介绍了开发的经过以及公众对此的反应。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But with Air-Ink, the silly is becoming a reality, in a process that turns air pollution into ink.(但有了“空气墨水”，这一愚蠢的想法正在成为现实，它将空气污染转化为墨水)”以及第二段““Our goal is to collect and transform the tiny particulate matter, known as PM2.5 which results from burning fuels, into high grade inks that everyone can use and express themselves with through art or writing.(我们的目标是收集和转化燃料燃烧产生的微小颗粒物PM2.5，将其转化为高级墨水，每个人都可以使用，并通过艺术或写作来表达自己)”可知，Anirudh Sharma打算使用污染空气。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The trial and error of attaching equipment to cars for collecting PM2.5 led to the invention of KAALINK, a small device that can be fixed to exhaust pipes (排气管). This device can collect 95 percent of PM2.5 in the exhaust without any negative effect on engine performance.(将收集PM2.5的设备安装在汽车上的试验和错误导致了KAALINK的发明，这是一种可以固定在排气管上的小型设备。该装置可以收集排气中95%的PM2.5，而不会对发动机性能产生任何负面影响)”可知，KAALINK的功能是收集尾气中的PM2.5。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The Air-Ink idea has been attracting increasing public attention. A number of Indian companies have contacted Graviky Labs to deal with PM2.5 that otherwise could end up in a river or reach our lungs. Singapore-based Tiger Beer partnered with Graviky Labs for an art campaign, making Air-Ink available to artists in more cities such as Hong Kong, Berlin and London.(“空气墨水”的想法吸引了越来越多的公众关注。许多印度公司已经联系了重力实验室来处理PM2.5，否则它们可能会进入河流或进入我们的肺部。总部位于新加坡的Tiger Beer与gravity Labs合作开展了一项艺术活动，让香港、柏林和伦敦等更多城市的艺术家可以使用Air-Ink)”可推知，作者在第4段提到了Tiger Beer是为了举个例子。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But with Air-Ink, the silly is becoming a reality, in a process that turns air pollution into ink.(但有了“空气墨水”，这一愚蠢的想法正在成为现实，它将空气污染转化为墨水)”结合文章主要说明了Anirudh Sharma利用污染空气发明了一种空气墨水，可以将空气污染转化为墨水。文章介绍了开发的经过以及公众对此的反应。可知，B选项“纸上的空气墨水越多，空气中的污染就越少”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Nile crocodiles are uniquely sensitive to the cries of painful primate (灵长类) babies, according to a new study — and the more anxious the cry, the more interested they become. To make the find, Nicolas Grimault, a scientist at the University of Lyon, and his colleagues visited a zoo in Morocco, which houses more than 300 Nile crocodiles. The researchers set up loudspeakers alongside four ponds where, at each, as many as 25 crocodiles sunbathed on red rocks. The speakers played a series of cries expressing varying levels of pain from primate babies. The cries were recorded in different situations to find out which aspects of the voices interest the crocs most.
Many of the crocs, male and female, responded to the cries by suddenly turning their heads, seeking out the source of the sound, rapidly approaching the loudspeaker and sometimes even biting it. One individual even showed protective behavior by positioning in front of the speaker as if to defend it from others. Interestingly, their response depended on the characteristics of the cries they heard: crocs were more likely to react to recordings with acoustic (声音的) features closely related to very upset babies, such as sudden changes and disharmony in frequency, smoothness and tones.
When the researchers asked human volunteers, all of whom had experience with human babies, to listen to the same recorded cries and estimate the level of pain, the participants used different features than the crocs did to evaluate the sounds, basing their decisions largely on the pitch of the cries — how high or low a sound is. But it varies among individuals and across species. That makes it less reliable and accurate than the alternative acoustic clues picked up on by crocodiles.
The findings of the study raise the possibility that emotion may be communicated across species lines in more ways than scientists thought. As Grimault puts it, “If crocs can do it, probably many other animals can do it, too.”
12. Why are the cries collected from different situations played
A. To discover which crocodiles are smart. B. To identify what appeals to crocodiles.
C To develop how to protect crocodiles. D. To record when crocodiles interact.
13. How do most of the crocodiles respond to baby’ cries
A. Guarding the speakers. B. Sunbathing on the rocks.
C. Attacking other crocodiles. D. Moving towards the sound.
14. Which of the following belongs to “alternative acoustic clues” in paragraph 3
A. The volume of sound. B. The source of the cries.
C. The evenness of tone. D. The pitch of the voice.
15. Which statement would Grimault probably agree with
A. Humans are sensitive to voices of other species.
B. Emotions may be shared beyond species borders.
C. Crocs tend to be friendly to babies of any species.
D. Cross-species communication is an unfading skill.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现尼罗鳄对灵长类动物幼崽痛苦的哭声特别敏感——哭声越焦虑，它们就越感兴趣。介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究的发现提出了一种可能性，即情感可能以比科学家想象的更多的方式跨物种交流。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The speakers played a series of cries expressing varying levels of pain from primate babies. The cries were recorded in different situations to find out which aspects of the voices interest the crocs most.(演讲者播放了一系列灵长类动物婴儿的哭声，表达了不同程度的疼痛。研究人员记录了不同情况下的叫声，以找出鳄鱼最感兴趣的声音的哪个方面)”可知，播放不同情况下的哭声是为了确定什么会吸引鳄鱼。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Many of the crocs, male and female, responded to the cries by suddenly turning their heads, seeking out the source of the sound, rapidly approaching the loudspeaker and sometimes even biting it.(许多鳄鱼，无论雄性还是雌性，都会突然转过头来寻找声音的来源，迅速靠近扬声器，有时甚至会咬它)”可知，大多数鳄鱼对婴儿的哭声的反应是向声音移动。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Interestingly, their response depended on the characteristics of the cries they heard: crocs were more likely to react to recordings with acoustic (声音的) features closely related to very upset babies, such as sudden changes and disharmony in frequency, smoothness and tones.(有趣的是，它们的反应取决于它们听到的哭声的特征：鳄鱼更有可能对与非常不安的婴儿密切相关的声学特征的录音做出反应，比如频率、平滑度和音调的突然变化和不和谐)”以及第三段“When the researchers asked human volunteers, all of whom had experience with human babies, to listen to the same recorded cries and estimate the level of pain, the participants used different features than the crocs did to evaluate the sounds, basing their decisions largely on the pitch of the cries — how high or low a sound is.(当研究人员要求人类志愿者（他们都有过照顾人类婴儿的经验）听同样的哭声录音并估计疼痛程度时，参与者使用了与鳄鱼不同的特征来评估声音，他们的决定主要基于哭声的音高——声音的高低)”以及“That makes it less reliable and accurate than the alternative acoustic clues picked up on by crocodiles.(这使得它的可靠性和准确性不如鳄鱼捕捉到的其他声音线索)”可推知，鳄鱼捕捉到的线索属于其他声音线索，因此推断语调的均匀属于“其他声音线索”。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The findings of the study raise the possibility that emotion may be communicated across species lines in more ways than scientists thought. As Grimault puts it, “If crocs can do it, probably many other animals can do it, too.”(这项研究的发现提出了一种可能性，即情感可能以比科学家想象的更多的方式跨物种交流。正如格里诺所说，“如果鳄鱼能做到这一点，可能许多其他动物也能做到。”)”可知，Grimault认为情感可以跨越物种边界。故选B。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wisdom teeth won’t make you smarter.____16____ These teeth are in the very back of your mouth, two on top and two on the bottom as part of a complete set of 32 adult teeth.
Wisdom teeth often cause problems due to their late eruption and limited space in jaws. As a result, they may become impacted, meaning they are unable to fully emerge from the gums (牙龈). This impaction can give rise to various issues, including pain and crowding of nearby teeth.____17____.
Before the surgery, dentists will carefully evaluate your specific situation to determine the most appropriate approach. During the procedure, dentists will numb (麻醉) your gum to ensure minimal pain.____18____After that, they’ll clean the area and pack it with cotton to stop bleeding.
____19____Everyone responds differently. In general, you can expect mild discomfort, slight bleeding, facial swelling (肿), and other common complications following the surgery, as your mouth needs a few weeks to completely recover.
Here are some tips for proper healing. Leave cotton in place for about 30 minutes and hold a cold pack against your jaw to reduce pain immediately after surgery. For the following days, don’t consume hard spicy food like nuts and peppers.____20____That way, your teeth won’t hurt when you eat and food bits won’t get stuck in your mouth.
A. How long does the surgery usually last
B. Stick to soft food or liquid diets instead.
C. Mild saltwater is good for mouth wounds.
D. What happens after wisdom teeth removal
E. They will then use tools to loosen the tooth and pull it out.
F. They’re called that because they usually come in when you get older.
G. To prevent or address these problems, many dentists decide on wisdom teeth removal.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智齿是什么以及进行智齿手术一些注意事项。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Wisdom teeth won’t make you smarter.(智齿不会让你更聪明)”以及后文“These teeth are in the very back of your mouth, two on top and two on the bottom as part of a complete set of 32 adult teeth.(这些牙齿位于口腔的最后面，两颗在上面，两颗在下面，是一套完整的32颗成年牙齿的一部分)”可知，本句承接上文，说明智齿名字的由来。故F选项“之所以叫这个名字，是因为它们通常是在你变老的时候出现的”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This impaction can give rise to various issues, including pain and crowding of nearby teeth.(这种嵌塞会引起各种各样的问题，包括附近牙齿的疼痛和拥挤)”可知，上文提到了智齿会导致的问题，本句为本段最后一句，故说明如何解决这些问题。故G选项“为了预防或解决这些问题，许多牙医决定拔除智齿”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Before the surgery, dentists will carefully evaluate your specific situation to determine the most appropriate approach. During the procedure, dentists will numb (麻醉) your gum to ensure minimal pain.(在手术前，牙医会仔细评估你的具体情况，以确定最合适的方法。在这个过程中，牙医会麻痹你的牙龈，以确保把疼痛降到最低)”以及后文“After that, they’ll clean the area and pack it with cotton to stop bleeding.(之后，他们会清洗伤口并用棉花包扎止血)”可知，本句主要是在说明牙医治疗智齿的过程，E选项中they指代上文dentists。故E选项“然后他们会用工具松开牙齿并把它拔出来”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Everyone responds differently. In general, you can expect mild discomfort, slight bleeding, facial swelling (肿), and other common complications following the surgery, as your mouth needs a few weeks to completely recover.(每个人的反应都不一样。一般来说，你可能会有轻微的不适，轻微出血，面部肿胀，以及手术后的其他常见并发症，因为你的口腔需要几周的时间才能完全恢复)”可知，后文主要列举了拔掉智齿后的一些症状，本句为本段最后一句，总起后文：拔除智齿后会发生什么？故D选项“拔除智齿后会发生什么？”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“For the following days, don’t consume hard spicy food like nuts and peppers.(在接下来的日子里，不要吃坚果和辣椒之类的辛辣食物)”以及后文“That way, your teeth won’t hurt when you eat and food bits won’t get stuck in your mouth.(这样，当你吃东西的时候，你的牙齿就不会疼，食物碎片也不会卡在你的嘴里)”可知，本句主要是在说明拔掉智齿后应该吃的食物类型，故B选项“坚持吃软食物或流质食物”符合语境，故选B。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节。满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Millions of pets go missing each year in the U.S, leaving pet owners with slim chances of reunion. A Kansas woman Carol Holmes experienced this____21____when she last saw her cat, Bob, ten years ago.
However, an email____22____in Holmes’ inbox last month from a vet (兽 医 ) in North Carolina, saying that Bob had been____23____ . Before reaching the vet’s office, Bob had____24____1,200 miles to a couple’s front yard. They brought him to a local animal hospital where his microchip (微芯片)____25____Holmes’ information.
The news was very____26____to Holmes, as it came on the birthday of her late father, after whom the cat Bob was named. She believed it was a message from____27____.
The couple ____28____agreed to take care of the cat until it could return to Kansas. However, for Holmes who was in a____29____ economy, transporting a cat over 1,200 miles was____30____. She turned to her community for____31____. Cat lovers across the country enthusiastically came to her aid. In just a matter of days, a____32____for Bob’s returning home was made.
Holmes was____33____for all of these. “It’s____34____that they would do so much for me,” she said. “The____35____will be like a dream. We’re so blessed.”
21. A. heartache B. mistake C. illness D. failure
22. A. filled B. appeared C. remained D. existed
23. A. found B. accepted C. sold D. raised
24. A. measured B. raced C. escaped D. traveled
25. A. revealed B. predicted C. recognized D. received
26. A. specific B. significant C. reliable D. strange
27. A. nowhere B. heaven C. society D. nature
28. A. hesitantly B. immediately C. carefully D. generously
29. A. healthy B. dynamic C. false D. tough
30. A. appealing B. rewarding C. challenging D. surprising
31. A. adaptation B. approval C. assistance D. arrangement
32. A. deal B. gift C. request D. plan
33. A. anxious B. desperate C. grateful D. responsible
34.
A. beyond all expectations B. to my satisfaction
C. out of thankfulness D. without any doubt
35. A. program B. reunion C. adventure D. situation
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了堪萨斯州的一位妇女卡罗尔·福尔摩斯在十年前和她的猫鲍勃失散了，十年后被一对夫妇捡到了，在社区和其他人的帮助下，福尔摩斯得以和自己的猫团聚。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：堪萨斯州的一位妇女卡罗尔·霍姆斯在十年前最后一次见到她的猫鲍勃时，经历了这种“心痛”。A. heartache心痛；B. mistake错误；C. illness疾病；D. failure失败。根据上文“Millions of pets go missing each year in the U.S, leaving pet owners with slim chances of reunion. (在美国，每年有数百万只宠物失踪，让宠物主人团聚的机会渺茫)”可知，此处指经历和宠物失散的心痛。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，上个月，一封来自北卡罗来纳州兽医的电子邮件出现在福尔摩斯的收件箱里，说鲍勃已经被找到了。A. filled充满；B. appeared出现；C. remained提醒；D. existed存在。根据后文“in Holmes’ inbox”指电子邮件出现在福尔摩斯的收件箱，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，上个月，一封来自北卡罗来纳州兽医的电子邮件出现在福尔摩斯的收件箱里，说鲍勃已经被找到了。A. found找到；B. accepted接受；C. sold出售；D. raised提升。根据上文“when she last saw her cat, Bob, ten years ago”可知，卡罗尔和猫失散了，这封邮件是说猫找到了。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在到达兽医办公室之前，鲍勃已经走了1200英里来到一对夫妇的前院。A. measured测量；B. raced比赛；C. escaped逃走；D. traveled旅行。根据后文“1,200 miles to a couple’s front yard”可知，指猫鲍勃已经走了1200英里来到一对夫妇的前院。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把他带到当地的一家动物医院，在那里他的微芯片显示了福尔摩斯的信息。A. revealed揭露，显示；B. predicted预测；C. recognized识别；D. received收到。根据后文“Holmes’ information”指芯片显示了猫主人的信息，应用reveal。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个消息对福尔摩斯来说意义重大，因为这一天正好是她已故父亲的生日，猫鲍勃就是以父亲的名字命名的。A. specific特别的；B. significant重要的；C. reliable可靠的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“as it came on the birthday of her late father, after whom the cat Bob was named.”可知，当天正好是她已故父亲的生日，猫鲍勃就是以父亲的名字命名的，所以这个消息对福尔摩斯来说意义重大，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她相信这是来自天堂的信息。A. nowhere不存在的地方；B. heaven天堂；C. society社会；D. nature自然。结合上文可知福尔摩斯刚好在父亲生日这天得知了猫的信息，所以认为是天堂的信息，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇慷慨地同意照顾这只猫，直到它能回到堪萨斯州。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. immediately立即；C. carefully仔细地；D. generously慷慨地。根据后文“agreed to take care of the cat until it could return to Kansas”可知，这对夫妇同意照顾这只猫，愿意慷慨相助。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于经济困难福尔摩斯来说，运送一只猫超过1200英里是一项挑战。A. healthy健康的；B. dynamic动态的；C. false错误的；D. tough艰难的。结合后文她请求社区的帮助，可推测是有经济困难，形容词tough修饰后文名词economy。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于经济困难的福尔摩斯来说，运送一只猫超过1200英里是一项挑战。A. appealing吸引人的；B. rewarding值得的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. surprising惊人的。根据上文“transporting a cat over 1,200 miles was”以及常识，可知要运送一只猫超过1200英里是一项挑战。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向社区寻求帮助。A. adaptation改编；B. approval赞成；C. assistance帮助；D. arrangement安排。根据后文“Cat lovers across the country enthusiastically came to her aid. (全国各地的爱猫人士热情地帮助了她)”可推知她向社区寻求帮助。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅几天的时间里，鲍勃回家的计划就制定好了。A. deal交易；B. gift礼物；C. request要求；D. plan机会。根据后文“for Bob’s returning home was made”指制定鲍勃回家的计划，应用make a plan。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：福尔摩斯对这一切都很感激。A. anxious焦虑的；B. desperate绝望的；C. grateful感激的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文“We’re so blessed.”可知，得到了这么多人的帮助，福尔摩斯感到感激。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：她说：“他们会为我做这么多，这超出了所有预料。”A. beyond all expectations超出所有期望；B. to my satisfaction令我满意的是；C. out of thankfulness出于感激；D. without any doubt毫无疑问。根据后文“that they would do so much for me”可知，他人给予了许多帮助，超出了福尔摩斯的预料。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的重聚就像一场梦。A. program项目；B. reunion重聚；C. adventure冒险；D. situation情况。根据上文“when she last saw her cat, Bob, ten years ago”可知，福尔摩斯十年前后鲍勃失散了，如今在人们的帮助下团聚了，故选B。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。
The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔),____36____ (situate) in Da Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, is one of the famous Buddhist pagodas in China. Although it fell into disrepair after the Tang Dynasty, some of its halls survived and____37____(reconstruct) during the Ming Dynasty.
In 652 AD, Master Xuan Zang proposed building a pagoda to store scriptures (经文) and statues he____38____(bring) from India. He even designed the pagoda himself. Legend has____39____that its name, Wild Goose Pagoda, comes from a story of wild geese providing food for monks in India.
There is a famous painting inside, “Xuan Zang on His Way Back to Chang’an.” With a pair of straw sandals (草鞋) on his feet, Xuan Zang carries____40____(roll) of Buddhist scriptures____41____his back, making his way back to____42____capital with eager expectations.
In the Tang Dynasty, many officials wrote poems on the walls of the pagoda to express their____43____(happy) and wish future success. Xuan Zang spent 12 years____44____(translate) 1,335 volumes of Buddhist scriptures. Emperor Tai Zong and Crown Prince Li Zhi wrote texts praising his work,_____45_____are still displayed at the pagoda’s south gate.
【答案】36. situated
37. were reconstructed
38. brought##had brought
39. it 40. rolls
41. on 42. the
43. happiness
44. translating
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西安的大雁塔以及建造历史。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大雁塔位于西安大慈恩寺，是中国著名的佛塔之一。分析句子结构可知situate与逻辑主语The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda构成被动关系，故用过去分词，故填situated。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：虽然它在唐朝之后年久失修，但它的一些大厅幸存下来，并在明朝重建。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文survived可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为some of its halls，谓语用复数。故填were reconstructed。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：公元652年，玄奘大师提议建造一座宝塔来存放他从印度带来的经文和雕像。此处为省略关系词的定语从句，从句可理解为过去发生的事情用一般过去时；或“过去的过去”用过去完成时。故填brought/had brought。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：据传说，它的名字“雁塔”来自于一个大雁为印度僧侣提供食物的故事。表示“据传说”短语为legend has it，故填it。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：玄奘脚上穿着草鞋，背上背着佛经卷，满怀期待地返回京城。根据后文“of Buddhist scriptures”可知数量大于一，roll应用复数形式。故填rolls。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：玄奘脚上穿着草鞋，背上背着佛经卷，满怀期待地返回京城。表示“在背上”短语为on one’s back。故填on。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：玄奘脚上穿着草鞋，背上背着佛经卷，满怀期待地返回京城。capital此处特指唐朝的首都，应用定冠词。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：在唐代，许多官员在雁塔的墙上写诗，以表达他们的幸福和希望未来的成功。作express的宾语，应用名词happiness，不可数。故填happiness。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：玄奘花了12年时间翻译了1335卷佛经。表示“花费时间做某事”短语为spend time doing sth.。故填translating。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：太宗和太子李治都写了文字赞扬他的工作，这些文字至今仍陈列在宝塔的南门。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词texts，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的朋友 Mark 即将大学毕业，想要来中国就业，请你推荐一个城市。你给他写邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐城市；
2.推荐理由；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mark,
Congratulations on your upcoming graduation! Knowing that you are at a loss about where to work and settle down in China, I’d like to recommend my city — Shenzhen — to you.
The most important reason is that Shenzhen is where you’ll feel young and passionate to start a career and pursue success. The government makes great efforts to provide various opportunities of living, studying and working. Besides, the city is internationalized, vigorous and modern, and is home to lots of western people like you. Therefore, you’ll feel home here though your country is on the other side of the globe. Last but not least, you’ll be greeted by lovely sunshine most of the year. Just come and have a look at this coastal city, and I’m sure you’ll love it！
Hope you’ll come and find your dream job, and embrace an infinite future. There is no doubt that you’ll have an incredible prospect in China!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的朋友 Mark 即将大学毕业，想要来中国就业，请你推荐一个城市。你给他写邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不可思议的：incredible→unbelievable
机会：opportunity→chance
重要的：important→vital
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Just come and have a look at this coastal city, and I’m sure you’ll love it！
拓展句：If you come and have a look at this coastal city, I’m sure you’ll love it！
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are at a loss about where to work and settle down in China, I’d like to recommend my city — Shenzhen — to you. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The most important reason is that Shenzhen is where you’ll feel young and passionate to start a career and pursue success. (运用了where引导表语从句)
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Up to the age of ten, I did not mind at all.
My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant for me. I have to admit that I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. The child psychologist had termed it as “Asperger Syndrome.” This diagnosis (诊断) turned my parents world upside down — but they never let it affect me. It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences, and become conscious of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built. My sister, on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said under her breath. She, however, was academically capable, and hence we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never, ever acknowledged in public that she was my sister. There was one incident, however, just two years ago, that remains impressed in my consciousness. It was the incident that changed how I viewed my sister. It was the incident that changed me.
My sister was then in primary six, about to graduate. She and her classmates had to put up a performance, whether in a group, or individually. Due to her inability to communicate, my sister was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to put up an item, so my sister had to perform individually. “I’ll sing,” my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently. Hearing that, I was completely shocked. She would embarrass me, one way or another. “No!” I remember protesting. My parents shot me a look and that was when I knew my sister was going to perform, no matter what; and I was going to be part of the audience watching her.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon came the day of the performance, and my sister did the only solo.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wrapped in both guilt and joy, I went to the backstage to find my sister.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Soon came the day of the performance, and my sister did the only solo. As she stood on that stage, I couldn’t help but feel anxiety and embarrassment. Her voice quivered as she started, and I buried my head in my hands; but surprisingly, with each note following, something magical happened. The audience, a bit noisy at first, began to listen attentively. My sister sang with a passion and sincerity that I had never witnessed before. Her voice was pure and hauntingly beautiful, filling the auditorium with an emotional resonance that touched everyone’ s hearts. I lifted my head with my mouth wide open. When she finished, sincere cheers burst out from the audience.
Wrapped in both guilt and joy, I went to the backstage to find my sister. There, amidst the bustling of students, parents, and teachers congratulating her, I hugged her tightly, my eyes still wet with tears. “You were amazing,” I whispered, my voice filled with genuine admiration. She beamed with pride, her eyes finally meeting mine without hesitation. In that moment, as we shared a profound connection, I realized that her performance had done much more than change my perception of her; it had transformed our relationship forever. It was the beginning of a new chapter, one where I would proudly stand by her side, celebrating her talents, and cherishing the beautiful person she was, Asperger Syndrome and all.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妹妹患有阿斯伯格综合症，在社交方面很笨拙，作者也从来没有在公共场合承认过自己的妹妹。直到一次妹妹在学校进行了一次独唱，改变了作者对她的看法，两人的关系也得到了改变。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“演出的日子很快就到了，我妹妹独唱了”可知，第一段可描写妹妹演出获得了成功，观众反响很好。
②由第二段首句内容“我又内疚又高兴，跑到后台去找妹妹”可知，第二段可描写作者去后台祝贺妹妹，两人关系有改变。
2.续写线索：妹妹独唱——作者感到紧张和尴尬——妹妹歌声打动了观众——演出成功——作者祝贺——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
完成：finish/complete
拥抱：hug/embrace
珍惜：cherish/value
情绪类
真诚：sincere /heartfelt
开心：joy /happiness
【点睛】[高分句型1] When she finished, sincere cheers burst out from the audience. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] In that moment, as we shared a profound connection, I realized that her performance had done much more than change my perception of her; it had transformed our relationship forever. (运用了that引导宾语从句)